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BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Correlative single cell Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy an
 d super-resolution fluorescence microscopy reveals the effects of fixation
  on the biochemistry of mammalian cells.
DTSTART:20141120T030000Z
DTEND:20141120T032000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-628@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Toby Bell (Monash University)\, Donna Whelan (Monash
  University)\n\nSynchrotron Fourier transform infrared (SFTIR) spectroscop
 y provides the best available signal-to-noise which allows for fast\, sens
 itive detection of the holistic biochemistry of single live cells. Recentl
 y developed super-resolution fluorescence microscopy (SRFM) techniques bas
 ed on single molecule emissions can yield an order of magnitude improvemen
 t in spatial resolution in the imaging of specifically targeted cellular s
 tructures. For the first time we have paired these two techniques to inves
 tigate the effects of various fixation parameters on the FTIR spectrum\, t
 he rendered super-resolution image\, and the underlying biochemistry. To a
 chieve this SFTIR spectra of single live COS7 cells were obtained\; the ce
 lls were then fixed and a second spectrum of each hydrated correlated cell
  acquired. Finally\, the cells were immunostained and the microtubule arch
 itecture visualized using direct stochastic optical reconstruction microsc
 opy (dSTORM) with spatial resolutions of 20-30 nm achieved. The resulting 
 FTIR spectra demonstrated that many of the spectral changes previously ass
 ociated with cell fixation effects were due to dehydration\, morphological
  variation and loss of cell constituents through washing. Key spectral cha
 nges that could be directly linked to the fixation parameters included cha
 nges in lipid content and ordering\, DNA conformation\, and glycogen and c
 ytosolic protein concentration. Importantly\, while FTIR spectroscopy was 
 found to detect various subtle changes in the underlying biochemistry that
  SRFM could not\, subdiffraction damage to the cell cytoskeleton could onl
 y be detected using SRFM. Not only does this work demonstrate the exquisit
 e sensitivity of both techniques but also the future potential for correla
 tive SFTIR/SRFM.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contribution
 s/628/
LOCATION:Oliphant Auditorium
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/628/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Experimental Recovery of Sample And Coherence Information in Coher
 ent Diffractive Imaging
DTSTART:20141120T063000Z
DTEND:20141120T080000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-629@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Andrew Peele (Australian Synchrotron)\, Chanh Tran (
 La Trobe University)\, Grant van Riessen (La Trobe University)\, Giang Tra
 n (La Trobe University)\n\nCoherent diffractive imaging (CDI) is a powerfu
 l method for recovering the transmission function of an object from its fa
 r-field diffraction pattern using iterative algorithms [1]. Recently\, it 
 has been shown that CDI works with partially coherent beam [2]. Methods ha
 ve been developed for dealing with CDI data for which the coherence proper
 ties of the illumination are unkown [3]. In this work\, we develop a metho
 d to simultaneously recover the object’s phase and characterise the cohe
 rence properties of the illuminating wavefield without any a priori knowle
 dge. The validity of our method is demonstrated using experimental diffrac
 tion data from the Soft X-ray Imaging beamline.\n\nReferences\n[1] J. R. F
 ienup\, “Phase retrieval algorithms: a comparison\,” Appl. Opt. 21(15)
 \, 2758–2769 (1982).\n[2] L. W. Whitehead\, G. J. Williams\, H. M. Quine
 y\, D. J. Vine\, R. A. Dilanian\, S. Flewett\, K. A. Nugent\, A. G. Peele\
 , E. Balaur\, and I. McNulty\, “Diffractive Imaging Using Partially Cohe
 rent X Rays”\, Phys. Rev. Lett. 103\, 243902 (2009).\n[3] Pierre Thibaul
 t\, Andreas Menzel\, “ Reconstructing state mixtures from diffraction me
 asurements”\, Nature\, Vol 494\, 68-71\, 07 February 2013.\n\nhttps://ev
 ents.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/629/
LOCATION:NCSS Exhibition Area
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/629/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Correlative hydrated cellular imaging using Coherent Diffraction I
 maging at the Australian Synchrotron
DTSTART:20141120T063000Z
DTEND:20141120T080000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-630@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Grant van Riessen (La Trobe University\; ARC Centre 
 of Excellence for Coherent X-ray Science)\, Martin de Jonge (Australian Sy
 nchrotron)\, Mark Junker (La Trobe University)\, Kirstin Elgass (Monash In
 stitute for Medical Research\, Monash Micro Imaging)\, Michael Jones (Aust
 ralian Synchrotron\; ARC Centre of Excellence for Advanced Molecular Imagi
 ng)\n\nX-ray coherent diffractive imaging provides high resolution\, high 
 sensitivity images of intact cellular specimens without the need for secti
 oning\, staining\, or tagging. Recent advances in this field allow high re
 solution imaged to be obtained with a fraction of the dose than otherwise 
 possible while increasing image quality. Further advances have pushed the 
 technique into the X-ray water-window\, opening up the possibility to imag
 e intact cellular specimens in their native hydrated environment.\n\nHere 
 we present recent results of hydrated cellular coherent diffractive imagin
 g\, showing an unprecedented level of image quality and detail. We also ou
 tline details of the sample preparation and mounting methods for correlati
 ve imaging\, together with opportunities for future development.\n\nhttps:
 //events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/630/
LOCATION:NCSS Exhibition Area
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/630/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Investigations into the environmental transformations of silver na
 noparticles
DTSTART:20141120T220000Z
DTEND:20141120T221000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-631@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Enzo Lombi (University of South Australia)\, Krasimi
 r Vasilev (University of South Australia)\, Erica Donner (University of So
 uth Australia)\, Maryam Khaksar (University of South Australia)\, Ryo Seki
 ne (University of South Australia)\n\nSilver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) consti
 tute a major group of engineered nanomaterials increasingly found in consu
 mer products. These products exploit the unique properties of Ag-NPs such 
 as their antibacterial effects\, special optical properties\, and high spe
 cific surface area and reactivity.  However\, there are significant concer
 ns regarding the potential for Ag-NPs to pose equally unique risks upon th
 eir release to the environment.  For example\, Ag-NPs may have direct ecot
 oxicological effects\, and they may also release ionic Ag\, which is highl
 y toxic to a range of organisms. As AgNP toxicity\, dissolution\, and spec
 iation are likely to change in response to the surrounding environmental c
 onditions\, understanding the transformations of Ag-NPs in major release p
 athways and environmental endpoints is critical to assessing their potenti
 al risks.  \nTo this end\, we have developed a series of nano in situ depl
 oyment devices (nIDDs) and used them to investigate the transformations of
  Ag-NPs in a range of environments. Following in situ deployment\, during 
 which the Ag-NPs on the nIDDs were directly exposed to relevant environmen
 ts\, the devices were retrieved and X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (XAS) wa
 s used to determine the speciation of the exposed Ag-NPs.  This revealed t
 hat Ag sulfide NPs are major transformation products forming from Ag-NPs i
 n a wide range of environments. Subsequent XAS-based research showed that 
 Ag sulfide is a stable\, long term species of Ag reaching major environmen
 tal endpoints such as soil\, which mitigates the potential ecological risk
 s posed by the environmental release of Ag-NPs.\n\nhttps://events.synchrot
 ron.org.au/event/3/contributions/631/
LOCATION:Oliphant Auditorium
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/631/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Applications of Synchrotron Light in Inkjet Technology
DTSTART:20141120T003000Z
DTEND:20141120T005000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-632@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Sorina Popescu (Memjet Australia)\, Derek Pert (Memj
 et Australia)\n\nMemjet is a privately held technology company that develo
 ps printheads and associated technology for high-speed\, low cost digital 
 colour printing.  The Memjet Waterfall Printhead Technology comprises a pa
 ge width printhead made up of 70\,400 nozzles\, which can continuously fir
 e up to 700 million drops per second.  A typical A4 page can be printed in
  one pass\, without scanning back and forth\, in 1.6 seconds at 1600 x 800
  dpi.\n\nThe nozzle size and density on a Memjet printhead creates special
  requirements for contamination control and maintenance design.  Each nozz
 le is 31.7 um across and contamination in such small nozzles or\, indeed\,
  the ink fluidic channels\, will show up as fine streaks on paper when ink
  flow to nozzles is blocked.  This can become a more serious problem if a 
 number of closely spaced nozzles are starved of ink.\n\nDue to the size an
 d location of contaminants in nozzles and fluidic channels it can be a cha
 llenge to identify them by routine FTIR.  This was true for one particular
  field problem where identification of contaminants blocking nozzles was r
 equired.  However\, the high brilliance and spatial resolution of synchrot
 ron IR light enabled identification of printhead contaminants.  This led t
 o a rapid customer response and a rethink in maintenance operation.\n\nMor
 eover\, FTIR analysis of the silicon oxide roof layer of printheads showed
  differences in the nature of the layer across the printhead.  Indeed\, so
 me of these differences correlated with print quality degradation.  Follow
  up work on the WAXS beamline to comprehend the layer structure in more de
 tail found a predictor peak that changed significantly in intensity betwee
 n good and bad print quality regions.  The position of the peak at 2.57 A-
 1 suggested it came from a crystallographic form of silicon oxide - possib
 ly alpha quartz.\n\nThe FTIR and WAXS investigation clearly showed there w
 ere differences in surface chemistries across printheads.  This informatio
 n and other supporting data helped improve our understanding of the wettin
 g behaviour across printheads and the impact on print quality.\n\nhttps://
 events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/632/
LOCATION:NCSS Seminar Room
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/632/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:New laser applications on the THz/FarIR beamline at the Australian
  Synchrotron
DTSTART:20141120T063000Z
DTEND:20141120T080000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-633@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Courtney Ennis (Australian Synchrotron)\, Ruth Plath
 e (Australian Synchrotron)\, Dominique Appadoo (The Australian Synchrotron
 )\n\nCurrently\, lasers are being introduced to the THz/FarIR beamline at 
 the Australian Synchrotron.  This will allow some new techniques such as s
 teady state pump probe\, photolysis and pyrolysis experiments to be undert
 aken at the beamline.  We currently have a high powered cw CO2 laser and a
  pulsed YAG laser.\nAt the THz beamline\, an Enclosive Flow Cooling (EFC) 
 cell is available for use.  The EFC cell is a White type cell with a nomin
 al optical path length of 625mm\; it can be cooled either with liquid heli
 um or liquid nitrogen\, or can be operated up to 400K with a temperature s
 tability of ±1K per day. It is usually operated under vacuum (~10-3 mbar)
  but can be pressurized up to 2000 mbar. Cooling not only simplifies compl
 ex molecular spectra but also enables the generation of molecular clusters
 .\nThe capabilities of the cooling cell will be further developed by addin
 g multiple laser sources\, thereby allowing a host of sunlight driven reac
 tions to be studied and providing a source of radicals such as OH or halog
 ens.  \nFor species with half lives of the order of fractions of a second 
 or more\, thermal or photolytic breakdown of a gas stream containing speci
 fically designed recursor molecules has been successful in previous experi
 ments.  \nSunlight driven reactions are incredibly important for atmospher
 ic studies. An example of this is so that we can understand processes rele
 vant to ozone formation and depletion and investigate various aerosols tha
 t contribute to this.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contrib
 utions/633/
LOCATION:NCSS Exhibition Area
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/633/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Soft X-ray Imaging by Coherent Diffraction Methods at the Australi
 an Synchrotron
DTSTART:20141120T063000Z
DTEND:20141120T080000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-634@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Andrew Peele (Australian Synchrotron)\, Giang Tran (
 La Trobe University)\, Michael Jones (Australian Synchrotron)\, Mark Junke
 r (La Trobe University)\, Grant van Riessen (La Trobe University)\n\nCoher
 ent diffractive imaging is a high-resolution method capable of providing p
 hase\, chemical and magnetic sensitivity over a large field-of-view[1]. Be
 cause iterative algorithms are substituted for image-forming lenses\, the 
 technique is not limited by the difficulty of manufacturing X-ray optics. 
 It has been widely adopted by the international synchrotron community and 
 is quickly becoming a routine imaging and tomography technique across a wi
 de field of applications.\n\nA flexible soft X-ray imaging facility was im
 plemented at the Australian Synchrotron early in 2013 on a dedicated branc
 h of the Soft X-ray Spectroscopy beamline[2]. In the first full year of op
 eration\, the Soft X-ray Imaging (SXRI) branchline has been used for a wid
 e range of studies\, including imaging fully hydrated\, unstained mammalia
 n cells\, in situ spectrochemical imaging during electrochemical depositio
 n\, and for imaging the domain structure of magnetic thin-films. It has al
 so been used to develop methods of ptychography and holography using parti
 ally spatially coherent and partially temporally coherent (polychromatic) 
 illumination.\n\nThis talk will first briefly describe the imaging techniq
 ues supported at SXRI and the history of their development. Examples of re
 search at SXRI will then be described to illustrate the wide potential for
  the development and application of these techniques.\n\n1. NW Phillips\, 
 \,CT Putkunz\, G van Riessen\, HD Coughlan\, MWM Jones\, B Abbey\, Interna
 tional Journal of Materials Research\, 105\, 655-663 (2014)\n\n2. G van Ri
 essen\, M Junker\, NW Phillips\, AG Peele. Proc. SPIE 8851\, 885117 (2013)
 .\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/634/
LOCATION:NCSS Exhibition Area
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/634/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Materials Characterisation and X-ray Free Electron Laser Science a
 t the Centre of Excellence for Advanced Molecular Imaging
DTSTART:20141120T005000Z
DTEND:20141120T011000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-635@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Keith Nugent (La Trobe University)\, Harry Quiney (T
 he University of Melbourne)\, Phillips Nicholas (La Trobe University)\, Ha
 nnah Coughlan (La trobe University)\, Brian Abbey (La Trobe University)\n\
 nWith the recent availability of X-ray Free Electron Lasers (XFELs) and th
 e prospect of Diffraction Limited Storage Rings (DLSRs) just around the co
 rner\, the number of major new scientific breakthroughs in the area of coh
 erent X-rays science is likely to rise sharply over the next few years. Th
 e past twelve months has already seen significant progress in the field in
 cluding 3D imaging of intra-grain deformation in polycrystals\, the study 
 of hysteretic behavior in solid solution and two-phase reactions within na
 noparticles and the development of fly-scanning coherent diffractive imagi
 ng combined with fluorescence mapping. \n    \nOver the last 8 years our g
 roup has contributed to experimental and theoretical developments within t
 he field of Coherent Diffractive Imaging (CDI) which are now finding a num
 ber of key applications. In particular our work in the areas of partial co
 herence and diffractive imaging using curved beams have emerged as being t
 wo particularly important contributions to the field. Here we present some
  of our recent work in developing CDI for the mapping of deformation withi
 n nanocrystals\, characterising Medium Range Order (MRO) and in exploring 
 the limits of partial coherence in diffractive imaging. As part of the new
 ly funded ARC Centre of Excellence for Advanced Molecular Imaging we plan 
 to apply these methods to key problems in biology both at the synchrotron 
 and XFEL. We will also briefly discuss the implications for CDI of the new
  DLSR upgrades potentially taking place at the ESRF\, Spring-8 and APS wit
 hin the next 5-10 years.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/cont
 ributions/635/
LOCATION:Conference Room AS
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/635/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Pressure-induced coordination change of Ge<sup>4+</sup> and Ga<sup
 >3+</sup> in silicate melts
DTSTART:20141120T223000Z
DTEND:20141120T224000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-636@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Hugh O'Neill (Australian National University)\, Andr
 ew Berry (ANU)\, Eleanor Mare (Australian National University)\n\nIn geoch
 emical systems\, the relative stability of a given element in one phase or
  another is known as its partitioning behaviour\, and many models of Earth
  processes are based on the changes in partitioning with pressure (and/or 
 other intensive variables). Since higher pressures favour smaller volumes\
 , changes in partitioning with pressure can be predicted if the pressure-d
 ependence of the volume of each phase in the system is known. Volumes of m
 ineral phases can be measured at high pressure\, but partial molar volumes
  of melt components can only be measured at 1 atm. The partial molar volum
 e of a melt component may change with pressure because of the mechanisms o
 f melt compression\, such as coordination changes. Si4+ and Al3+\, major c
 ations in natural melts\, are tetrahedrally coordinated by oxygen at ambie
 nt pressure but convert to octahedral coordination at higher pressure. Sim
 ilar coordination changes may occur for trace cations\, yet few have been 
 studied. In this work\, x-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spect
 roscopy was used to show a partial coordination change beginning at ~3-4 G
 Pa for trace Ge4+ and Ga3+ in synthetic silicate glasses\, quenched from h
 igh-pressure melts. Such coordination changes will affect the partitioning
  behaviour of Ge and Ga between silicate melt and other minerals\, and thu
 s have implications for geochemical models such as the depth of formation 
 of erupted magmas and the formation of the Earth’s core.\n\nhttps://even
 ts.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/636/
LOCATION:Oliphant Auditorium
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/636/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Stimuli Responsive Phospholipid-based Nanomaterials for On-demand 
 Drug Delivery
DTSTART:20141120T222000Z
DTEND:20141120T223000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-637@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Ben Boyd (Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Science
 s)\, Suzanne Caliph (Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences)\, Joanne
  Du (Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences)\n\nAge-related macular d
 egeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of blindness in the elderly\, affec
 ting over thirty million people worldwide. The current treatment of wet AM
 D requires frequent intravitreal injections which are highly invasive and 
 expensive. Therefore\, a less invasive and long-lasting treatment is requi
 red. One option for achieving such an outcome is using self-assembled lipi
 d-based liquid crystalline (LC) systems\, which can encapsulate compounds 
 with varying physicochemical properties and allow delivery of drug to the 
 target site [1]. Drug release from lipid based LC matrices is highly depen
 dent on the nanostructure[2] and has been manipulated to release drug ‘o
 n demand’ in response to a stimulus\, in this case\, near-infrared (NIR)
  light [3]. Such system has potential use in reducing the frequency of inj
 ections for short acting or rapidly cleared drugs. Furthermore\, the LC na
 noparticles can be coated with polyethylene glycol (PEG) for alternative r
 oute of administration using the enhanced permeability and retention effec
 t. PEGylation of nanoparticles would prevent non-specific removal from the
  circulatory system\, passively targeting tumour tissues and sites of infl
 ammation\, where drug release can then be activated. Thereby\, increasing 
 its efficacy as well as reducing the potential for adverse effects. This p
 roject is about understanding the phase behaviour of phospholipid systems 
 upon incorporation of PEG-lipids and light-sensitive gold nanoparticles us
 ing small angle X-ray scattering to design a stealth and stimuli-responsiv
 e LC system suitable for on-demand drug delivery to improve current treatm
 ent of AMD.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/637
 /
LOCATION:Oliphant Auditorium
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/637/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Scanning photoelectron microscopic (SPEM) examination of sulfur ev
 olution on acid leached chalcopyrite with and without added pyrite or solu
 ble iron
DTSTART:20141120T063000Z
DTEND:20141120T080000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-638@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Andrea Gerson (University of South Australia)\, YUBI
 AO LI (University of South Australia)\n\nChalcopyrite (CuFeS2) is the most
  abundant copper-bearing mineral. The dissolution of chalcopyrite in mine 
 waste environments is considered to contribute to the serious environmenta
 l issue of acid and metalliferous drainage (AMD) through release of toxic 
 aqueous copper\, particularly in the presence of microbes\, dissolved O2\,
  aqueous Fe3+ and pyrite\, with the latter two being associated with enhan
 ced chalcopyrite dissolution rates. However\, to date few studies have att
 empted to show the spatial distribution of the surface species formed as w
 ell as their evolution as means to better understand the dissolution mecha
 nisms. High resolution\, both in terms of energy and spatially\, scanning 
 photoelectron microscopy (SPEM)\, has been applied to the evolution of sul
 fur species on chalcopyrite surfaces leached in pH 1.0 HClO4 solution at 6
 50 mV (SHE) and 75 °C for 5 - 10 days\, in the absence and presence of py
 rite or with added aqueous iron. Bulk S2-\, S22- and Sn2- were found to be
  present on all samples and oxidation was observed to take place heterogen
 eously at the sub-micron scale. As compared to chalcopyrite leached for 5 
 days\, surface oxidation did not appear to be increased on extended dissol
 ution to 10 days\, however surface roughness increased markedly. Both S0 a
 nd SO42-\, but no SO32-\, were observed when 4 mmol soluble iron was added
  indicating greater oxidation occurred with greater Fe3+ activity. The gre
 atest surface oxidation was observed when chalcopyrite was in contact with
  pyrite due to formation of a galvanic couple\, with S0\, SO32- and SO42- 
 being identified.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributio
 ns/638/
LOCATION:NCSS Exhibition Area
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/638/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Characterization of nanoscale precipitates in a new 2GPa strength 
 steel using small angle x-ray scattering
DTSTART:20141120T000000Z
DTEND:20141120T003000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-639@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Ross Marceau (Deakin University)\, Wenwen Sun (Monas
 h University)\, Mark Styles (CSIRO)\, Christopher Hutchinson (Monash Unive
 rsity)\n\nSteels are used extensively in the manufacture of automobiles. T
 hey may not sound like advanced materials to those not involved in their d
 evelopment – after all they have been available for centuries. However\,
  if we consider a typical modern automobile\, none of the steels found in 
 the structure existed 10 years ago. These are engineering alloys that are 
 being intensively developed and improved\, and more so than any other allo
 y class.\nThis presentation discusses a new class of steel with strengths 
 approaching 2GPa that was developed for applications in the automotive ind
 ustry. The alloy design process included the coupling of computational the
 rmodynamics with a Genetic Algorithm for compositional optimization. The d
 ominant contribution to these high strengths is a nanoscale distribution o
 f particles within the material and a quantitative understanding of their 
 size\, shape and volume fraction is a key requirement for rationalizing th
 e observed properties.\nThe particle distribution was characterized at the
  Australian Synchrotron using small angle x-ray scattering (SAXS) in both 
 ex-situ samples and during in-situ thermal treatments to monitor the earli
 est stages of particle nucleation and growth. Combined with 3D measurement
 s of particle compositions using atom probe tomography (APT)\, it was poss
 ible to extract bulk quantitative measures of the particle volume fraction
 s and hence calculate representative number densities of particles. These 
 nanoscale particles have number densities comparable to the highest densit
 ies so far observed in engineering alloys. The information gained from the
 se SAXS and APT experiments helps to verify and improve the computational 
 alloy design process.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contrib
 utions/639/
LOCATION:Conference Room AS
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/639/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Infrared spectroscopic studies of amorphous ice nanoparticles
DTSTART:20141120T063000Z
DTEND:20141120T080000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-640@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Donald McNaughton (Monash University)\, Evan Roberts
 on (Latrobe University)\, Dominique Appadoo (Australian Synchrotron)\, And
 y Wong (Monash University)\, Ennis Courtney (Australian Synchrotron)\, Mah
 mut Ruzi (Latrobe University)\n\nIce plays an important role in the atmosp
 here of earth and the interstellar medium through interaction with radiati
 on and hosting chemical reactions.  Ice aerosols in the troposphere scatte
 r and absorb radiation from sun and thus have substantial influence on the
  temperature of earth.  Understanding ice’s behaviour is believed to be 
 essential for predicting the future of earth.  \n    Due to its suitabilit
 y for remote sensing Infrared Spectroscopy can be used to probe the physic
 s and chemistry of aerosols in astrophysical and atmospheric context. This
  has been demonstrated by the data collected using satellite instruments\,
  especially in the Far-IR region. Accurate laboratory measurements are nee
 ded in order to interpret these data.  \n    In this study\, the spectrum 
 of amorphous ice nanoparticles of submicron size in the 10 – 4000 cm-1 s
 pectral range is investigated utilising the Infrared Spectrometer at the A
 ustralian Synchrotron.  The optimum condition to generate amorphous ice na
 noparticles will be presented followed by discussions of change of spectra
 l features with respect to phase\, size and temperature.\n\nhttps://events
 .synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/640/
LOCATION:NCSS Exhibition Area
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/640/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Competition in phase formation during crystallisation of Al-Ni-Y m
 etallic glasses
DTSTART:20141120T011000Z
DTEND:20141120T013000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-641@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Mark Gibson (CSIRO Manufacturing Flagship)\, Justin 
 Kimpton (Australian Synchrotron)\, Daniel East (CSIRO Manufacturing Flagsh
 ip)\, Christopher Hutchinson (Monash University)\, Mark Styles (CSIRO Manu
 facturing Flagship)\n\nMetallic glasses have attracted substantial attenti
 on in recent years due to their favourable combinations of high strength a
 nd corrosion resistance relative to conventional crystalline alloys. These
  properties make glassy metals appealing for applications such as surgical
  tools\, electronics and sporting goods. However\, glassy metals are metas
 table and crystallisation occurs when they are subjected to elevated tempe
 ratures or sustained deformation. While crystallisation is often considere
 d detrimental to the properties\, in some cases\, controlled crystallisati
 on can produce novel microstructures with unusual and desirable combinatio
 ns of properties. The effect of crystallisation depends on which phases fo
 rm\, and the order of their appearance.\n\nOf the Al-based metallic glasse
 s\, the ternary Al-Ni-Y system is among the most well studied. However\, t
 he sequence of phases that form during crystallisation remains unclear. In
  this investigation the crystallisation pathways in four Al-Ni-Y alloys wi
 th Ni concentrations ranging from 9 to 15 at.% have been studied in detail
  by in situ synchrotron powder diffraction. These experiments reveal that 
 at low Ni concentrations crystallisation occurs via a two stage process\, 
 with &alpha-Al forming as the first decomposition product\, while at high 
 concentrations crystallisation occurs via a three stage process\, with the
  metastable Al9Ni2 phase forming first. The level of detail afforded by th
 is approach allows us to better understand the competition in phase format
 ion during crystallisation of metallic glasses and to use this information
  in the design of thermal treatments and compositions to optimize their po
 tential usefulness.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contribut
 ions/641/
LOCATION:Conference Room AS
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/641/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Applications of in situ X-ray powder diffractionto geosciences.
DTSTART:20141120T063000Z
DTEND:20141120T080000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-642@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Qinfen Gu (Australian Synchrotron)\, Justin A. Kimpt
 on (Australian Synchrotron)\, Helen Brand (Australian Synchrotron.)\n\nThe
  powder diffraction beamline at the Australian Synchrotron exploits the un
 ique properties of synchrotron radiation by offering tunable wavelengths (
 6 keV – 30 keV) to minimise sample absorption\, high flux and good S/N f
 or increased detection limits\, and high resolution to minimise peak overl
 ap. The X-ray powder diffraction beamline produces bright\, high collimate
 d X-ray beams that\, when combined with the state-of-the-art Mythen II mic
 rostrip detector\, are ideal for time-resolved X-ray powder diffraction ex
 periments requiring high resolution data collection.  The beamline possess
 es a vast arsenal of sample stages and environments that enable a multitud
 e of in situ experiments where temperature\, pressure or gaseous environme
 nt\, to name a few\, can be varied to observe structure change and/or form
 ation in polycrystalline materials.  Since beginning user operations in 20
 08\, over 300 user experiments have been performed at the powder diffracti
 on beamline.\n\nThis work demonstrates the capabilities offered by the bea
 mline\, particularly for earth sciences and energy applications\, highligh
 ting a range of unique in situ experiments that have not only produced suc
 cessful scientific outcomes\, but have pushed the boundaries in many cases
 .  The options for future developments at the powder diffraction beamline 
 are also discussed and will enable the beamline to build on its strong in 
 situ foundations to offer more power and flexibility for its users.\n\nhtt
 ps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/642/
LOCATION:NCSS Exhibition Area
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/642/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Mechanistic and structural investigation of Li<sub>x</sub>MnO<sub>
 2</sub> cathodes during cycling in Li-ion batteries
DTSTART:20141121T010500Z
DTEND:20141121T012500Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-643@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Neeraj Sharma (UNSW)\, Scott Donne (University of Ne
 wcastle)\, Wesley Dose (University of Newcastle)\n\nIncreasingly there is 
 demand for clean energy sources and suitable batteries to store this energ
 y. Manganese dioxide and lithiated variants are a promising alternative to
  conventional Li-ion cathodes due to their cost\, abundance\, safety and e
 lectrochemical performance. Cathodes which operate by a single-phase lithi
 um insertion/extraction process can offer some intrinsic advantages over t
 hose with two-phase processes. In this work\, in-situ and ex-situ synchrot
 ron X-ray diffraction (XRD) is used to investigate the structural evolutio
 n and lithium insertion/extraction mechanism of various LixMnO2 cathodes t
 hat have been derived from γ-MnO2. Li0.30MnO2  is found to cycle solely w
 ith a single-phase mechanism\, in contrast to previous literature reports\
 , with only subtle changes in the crystal structure. However\, a better cy
 cling discharge capacity is realised through a two-step lithiation synthes
 is\, thermally lithiated Li0.08MnO2 which is then electrochemically lithia
 ted to Li0.33MnO2. After an irreversible two-phase reaction early in the f
 irst discharge\, this material cycles by a single-phase reaction with good
  structural reversibility and a stable unoptimised cycling capacity of 120
  mAh/g. Comparing cathodes using a combination of in-situ and ex-situ sync
 hrotron XRD data allows us to rationalise cathodic performance with struct
 ure and thereby directing research into promising candidates.\n\nhttps://e
 vents.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/643/
LOCATION:NCSS Seminar Room
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/643/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Investigating Molecular Power Converters
DTSTART:20141119T224500Z
DTEND:20141119T233000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-644@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Lawrence Lee (Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institut
 e)\, Alastair Stewart (Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute)\, Daniela 
 Stock (Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute)\n\nRotary ATPases are ubiq
 uitous protein complexes that couple the translocation of protons through 
 membranes to the synthesis or hydrolysis of ATP and are thus central to bi
 ological energy conversion. Eukaryotic F-type ATP synthases use energy sto
 red in transmembrane proton gradients to synthesise the biological energy 
 carrier ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate. The evolutionary related V-t
 ype ATPases operate in reverse by utilising energy derived from ATP hydrol
 ysis to build up transmembrane ion gradients thereby enabling transport pr
 ocesses across membranes. Most eubacteria have F-type ATPases\, but some e
 ubacteria and all known archaea have ATPases of the A-type\, which are clo
 se homologues of V-ATPases. A-ATPases are simpler in design than their euk
 aryotic counterparts\, but are bifunctional and can operate in either dire
 ction in dependence of their cellular environment (1). \nWe are using a co
 mbination of X-ray structure analysis\, electron microscopy and other bioc
 hemical and biophysical techniques to obtain a pseudo-atomic model of an A
 -ATPase (2\, 3). In addition\, X-ray structures in different conformations
  along with normal mode analysis suggest a greater dynamics of the intact 
 complex than previously envisioned. This might be important for cooperativ
 ity and regulation of intact rotary ATPases (4\, 5).\n1. Stewart et al. Bi
 oArchitecture 3 (2013)\n2. Zhou\, et al. Science 334\, 380-385 (2011)\n3. 
 Lee\, et al. Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol. 17\, 373-378 (2010)\n4. Stewart\, et 
 al. Nature Communications 3\, 687 (2012)\n5. Stewart et al. Current Opinio
 n Structural Biology 25\, 40-48 (2014)\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.a
 u/event/3/contributions/644/
LOCATION:Oliphant Auditorium
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/644/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:<i>In Situ</i> PXRD Studies of the Solvothermal Syntheses of WO<su
 b>3</sub>-Ethylenediamine Hybrid Nanowires and Bi<sub>2</sub>Se<sub>x</sub
 >Te<sub>3-x</sub> Nanoplatelets
DTSTART:20141121T031500Z
DTEND:20141121T033500Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-645@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Rachel A. Caruso (The University of Melbourne)\, Qia
 oliang Bao (Monash University)\, Jingchao Song (Monash University)\, Wei L
 i (CSIRO)\, Fang Xia (CSIRO)\n\nSolvothermal syntheses are very versatile 
 for fabricating nanostructured materials. While the majority of studies fo
 cus on materials syntheses\, little attention has been paid to understandi
 ng the synthesis mechanisms\, which are of vital importance to the rationa
 l design of synthesis for preparing optimized materials. In this context\,
  in situ powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) is ideal to study solvothermal ma
 terials syntheses as it is capable of providing direct reaction informatio
 n under the harsh autoclave synthesis conditions. In this presentation\, I
  will show the application of in situ PXRD in solving the mechanisms of th
 e solvothermal synthesis of (1) WO3-ethylenediamine inorganic-organic hybr
 id nanowires\, and (2) Bi2SexTe3-x nanoplatelets. The WO3-ethylenediamine 
 nanowires showed excellent performance in catalysis and water treatment an
 d Bi2SexTe3-x nanoplatelets are topological insulators that have potential
  applications in the electronic and optoelectronics areas. In the in situ 
 PXRD experiments\, solvothermal syntheses were conducted in quartz glass m
 icroreactors that were placed at the beam centre of the Australian Synchro
 tron powder diffraction beamline\, and the time resolved PXRD patterns wer
 e recorded to follow the phase evolution during the synthesis. For both ma
 terials\, in situ PXRD discovered intermediate phases that played an impor
 tant role in controlling the formation of the final nanostructured materia
 ls.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/645/
LOCATION:Oliphant Auditorium
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/645/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:High resolution x-ray beam dosimetry using radiochromic films
DTSTART:20141120T063000Z
DTEND:20141120T080000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-646@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Jeff Crosbie (University of Melbourne)\, Iwan Cornel
 ius (Australian Synchrotron)\, Jayde Livingstone (Australian Synchrotron)\
 , Andrew Stevenson (Australian Synchrotron/ CSIRO)\, Daniel Hausermann (Au
 stralian Synchrotron)\, Christopher Hall (Australian Synchrotron)\n\nThe u
 se of radiochromic film for clinical dosimetry is well established\, and i
 n principle these films can provide the high spatial resolution dosimetry 
 required for the microbeam x-ray radiotherapy research taking place on IMB
 L. The spatial resolution of a measurement made with the radiochromic film
  is typically limited by the densitometry. For broad beam illuminations (>
  1 mm) the spatial resolution of photographic quality commercial scanners 
 has been found adequate. However for the higher resolutions required for m
 icrobeam radiation therapy (MRT) where beam dimensions are typically 25 mi
 crons\, the modulation transfer function (MTF) of such scanners has been p
 roven not to be sufficient. \nA densitometry method based on using a micro
 scope with a digital imaging system is potentially both rapid and efficien
 t. We have assessed the use of the IMBL inverted microscope which is equip
 ped with a motorised stage and a digital camera\, and devised a potential 
 protocol for high resolution film sensitometry and dosimetry.\n\nhttps://e
 vents.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/646/
LOCATION:NCSS Exhibition Area
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/646/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Stability and Surface Reconstruction of Bi2Se3 on Exposure to Atmo
 sphere
DTSTART:20141120T023000Z
DTEND:20141120T030000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-647@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Michael Fuhrer (Monash University)\, Johnpierre Pagl
 ione (University of Maryland)\, Paul Syers (University of Maryland)\, Nich
 olas Butch (National Institute of Standards and Technology)\, Jacob Tosado
  (Monash University)\, Kane O'Donnell (Curtin University)\, Alex Schenk (L
 a Trobe University)\, Anton Tadich (Australian Synchrotron)\, Jack Hellers
 tedt (Monash University)\, Mark Edmonds (Monash University)\n\nThe new cla
 ss of topological materials including Bi2Se3 offer opportunities to develo
 p next generation electron devices that utilize spin generation and detect
 ion without ferromagnetism [1]. However\, the fate of the Bi2Se3 surface u
 pon exposure to atmosphere remains unclear. In particular whilst the topol
 ogy of Bi2Se3 guarantees the presence of a metallic surface\, the topologi
 cal properties of the metallic surface depend on the surface and its recon
 struction [2]. Therefore\, it is essential to understand the structure of 
 the air-exposed Bi2Se3 surface in order to interpret the properties of any
  air-exposed Bi2Se3 device. \n\nUtilizing high-resolution surface sensitiv
 e XPS we reveal that five minute air exposure causes a drastic change to t
 he surface of in-situ cleaved Bi2Se3. An additional component within the B
 i 5d core level was observed after exposure that corresponds to the format
 ion of isolated ~0.8 nm thick Bi2 layers at the surface of Bi2Se3 [3]. Thi
 s Bi2 layer is found to occur across multiple samples and is precipitated 
 rapidly by exposure to atmosphere\, while samples left for several days in
  UHV after in-situ cleaving show no change. This finding offers new avenue
 s to study a 2D TI (Bi2) interfaced with a 3D TI (Bi2Se3) but also has sig
 nificant consequences in understanding the electronic structure of air-exp
 osed Bi2Se3. \n\n\n[1] Y. Xia\, et al.\, Nature Physics 5\, 398 (2009).\n[
 2] Q. D. Gibson\, et al.\, Phys. Rev. B 88\, 081108(R) (2013).\n[3] M. T. 
 Edmonds\, et al.\, J. Phys. Chem. C 118\, 20413 (2014).\n\nhttps://events.
 synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/647/
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/647/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Mechanisms of action of a potent DNA binding UVA photosensitiser u
 sing mRNA-sequencing and infrared Synchrotron microspectroscopy
DTSTART:20141120T023000Z
DTEND:20141120T030000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-648@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Virat Ganthavee (Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Instit
 ute)\, Stephanie Tortorella (Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute)\, Li-
 Jeen Mah (Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute)\, Katherine Ververis (Ba
 ker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute)\, Danielle Martin (Australian Synchr
 otron)\, Karagiannis Tom (Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute)\n\nPhoto
 therapy is a well-established therapeutic strategy in dermatology\, partic
 ularly for the treatment of psoriasis and cutaneous T-cell lymphoma.  Trea
 tment may either rely on the cytotoxic effect of light of a particular wav
 elength (e.g. UVB and narrowband UVB) or may require the use of a sensitiz
 er (e.g. psoralens with UVA). We have developed iodinated DNA minor groove
  binding bisbenzimidazoles as UVA sensitizers. We investigated the phototo
 xicity of a number of iodinated bibenzimidazoles and UVASens\, proved to b
 e outstanding with respect to photopotency\, due in part to the very high 
 quantum yield of photodeiodination.  Indeed\, the photopotency of the iodi
 nated bibenzimidazole is about 1000-fold higher than that of psoralens.  W
 e have used genome-wide mRNA-Sequencing and infrared Synchrotron microspec
 troscopy to gain insights into the mechanisms accounting for the phototoxi
 city of UVASens in human erythroleukemic K562 cells. Infrared spectra indi
 cate unique signatures for cells treated with combinations of UVASens and 
 UVA light compared to untreated cells and cells treated with either UVASen
 s or UVA light alone. Analysis indicates that mechanisms of cytotoxicity i
 nvolve inhibition of DNA synthesis\, lipid peroxidation and induction of a
 poptosis. Further\, mRNA-sequencing reveals changed expression of >8\,000 
 genes following treatment of cells with combinations of UVASens and UVA wi
 th many of those genes involved in pathways regulating cell cycle\, cell-d
 eath and apoptosis.  Overall\, our findings highlight the extreme photopot
 ency of UVASens.  We are currently investigating the potential of specific
 ally targeting malignant cells using UVASens loaded nanoparticle formulati
 ons.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/648/
LOCATION:Oliphant Auditorium
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/648/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Winning the battle of Signal vs Noise
DTSTART:20141120T000000Z
DTEND:20141120T003000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-649@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: James Holton (UCSF/LBNL)\n\nThe success or failure o
 f any structure determination effort is dictated by the signal-to-noise ra
 tio\, so a quantitative understanding of both signal and noise is needed t
 o have the best chance of success and to avoid wasted effort on samples th
 at simply aren’t good enough.  There are three main hurdles to every str
 ucture determination effort: the Phase Problem\, the Amplitude Problem\, a
 nd the R-factor Gap.  The Phase Problem is hampered mainly by sources of r
 elative error\, such as shutter jitter\, incident beam flicker\, sample vi
 bration\, detector calibration\, and non-isomorphism\, including that indu
 ced by radiation damage.  High multiplicity is the best way to combat rela
 tive error\, but it must be “true” multiplicity\, where no spot is eve
 r measured the same way twice.  Conversely\, the Amplitude Problem\, also 
 known as “poor diffraction” is dominated by the background under weak 
 spots\, and the finite number of photons appearing in a weak spot before t
 he crystal dies.  This radiation damage limit can be outrun with femtoseco
 nd pulses\, but even X-ray Free Electron Lasers (XFELs) cannot make a diso
 rdered crystal diffract.  Screening for order is best performed at synchro
 trons.  The R-factor Gap is the large discrepancy between (Rcryst/Rfree) a
 nd the error in the data itself (Rmerge/Rmeas).  Closing this Gap requires
  a better understanding of dynamics\, which itself is relevant to function
 . Overall\, the Three Hurdles can be overcome by improved methodology\, be
 tter sample preparation\, and improved macromolecular models that will ope
 n new doors in structural biology.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/ev
 ent/3/contributions/649/
LOCATION:Oliphant Auditorium
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/649/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Smart adsorbents for gas separation research at Australian Synchro
 tron
DTSTART:20141121T004500Z
DTEND:20141121T010500Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-650@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Gang Li (The University of Western Australia)\, Jin 
 Shang (Melbourne University)\, Qinfen Gu (Australian Synchrotron)\n\nZeoli
 te molecular sieves are one of the most important materials for separation
  of molecules. We discovered smart porous materials for gas separation –
  zeolites containing cations that function as molecular trapdoors allow gu
 est-selective\, size-inverse separations. For example\, a “molecular tra
 pdoor” mechanism in specifically tailored zeolites which produces a coun
 ter-intuitive size-inverse “sieving” for CO/N2\, and a record high sel
 ectivity for CO2/CH4 separation over a large pressure range. [1] In the ot
 her case\, we found an unusual operating regime on a chabazite zeolite in 
 which the adsorption selectivity for N2 over CH4 inverts from being more s
 elective for N2 at 253 K\, to becoming less selective with increasing temp
 erature and eventually becoming selective for CH4 over N2 above 293 K. [2]
  These materials could benefit for carbon capture and gas purification.\n[
 1] Shang\, Jin\; Li\, Gang\; Singh\, Ranjeet\; Gu\, Qinfen\; et al. JOURNA
 L OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY\,134\, 46\,19246-19253\, (2012) \n[2] S
 hang\, Jin\; Li\, Gang\; Gu\, Qinfen\; et al. CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS\, 50
 \, 35\, 4544-4546\, (2014)\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/co
 ntributions/650/
LOCATION:NCSS Seminar Room
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/650/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Opportunities for Industrial Engagement and Commercial Application
 s of X-ray and Correlative Microscopy at the Australian Synchrotron
DTSTART:20141120T063000Z
DTEND:20141120T080000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-651@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Kathryn Spiers (Australian Synchrotron)\n\nThe Austr
 alian Synchrotron is a powerful scientific tool offering state of the art 
 techniques and is ideally positioned to provide services for the evolution
  and commercialization of the next generation of high-tech products. The i
 ncreasing pressure to move products to market quickly has required industr
 y to look for new approaches in their development cycle. To this end\, ind
 ustry is embracing the advantages provided by the Synchrotron\, with respe
 ct to both the technical services and scientific experience and expertise 
 provided to commercial clients.\nThe world class X ray and Infrared micros
 copy facilities at the Australian Synchrotron provide unique opportunities
  to commercial enterprises not available at any other facility in Australi
 a. The large area scanning and high sensitivity of the X ray Fluorescence 
 Microscopy beamline enables the acquisition of high definition elemental m
 aps for industries including agriculture\, minerals and mining\, and advan
 ced materials. The Infrared Microspectroscopy beamline combines the high b
 rilliance and collimation of the Synchrotron source to achieve a spatial r
 esolution that has been applied to problem solving - such as contaminant i
 dentification in manufactured products. The Imaging and Medical beamline a
 bility to produce rapid\, time-resolved\, high-contrast 3D tomographic ima
 ges of soft and hard materials has been applied to investigations of pore 
 networks and connectivity in additive manufacturing products and geologica
 l systems. Examples will be provided highlighting the strengths of these t
 echniques and the particular benefits they can provide Australian industry
 .\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/651/
LOCATION:NCSS Exhibition Area
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/651/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Connecting Academia with Industry: Some success stories
DTSTART:20141120T000000Z
DTEND:20141120T003000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-652@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Kathryn Spiers (Australian Synchrotron)\n\nThe Austr
 alian Synchrotron is continually growing its Industrial customer base. The
  Synchrotron’s Industry Group has been providing expert support and faci
 litation between these Industrial clients and collaborators from more trad
 itional academic and research institutes. These collaborations exist acros
 s a diverse and expanding range of fields. This presentation will showcase
  some of the successful Industrial collaborations incorporating the Synchr
 otron. Of these\, one example is the examination of elemental segregation 
 in heavy rail by X-ray fluorescence microscopy\, conducted with the Instit
 ute of Rail Technology at Monash University as part of their collaboration
 s with their industrial partners. This study revealed segregation informat
 ion to a resolution not previously available to the heavy rail industry\, 
 and has great potential for future assessments of rail quality and longevi
 ty.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/652/
LOCATION:NCSS Seminar Room
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/652/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Design and Implementation of an Optical Ptychographic Microscope a
 t La Trobe University
DTSTART:20141120T063000Z
DTEND:20141120T080000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-653@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Guido Cadenazzi (Australian Research Council\, Centr
 e of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging\, La Trobe University\, VIC 
 3086\, Australia)\, Abbey Brian (Australian Research Council\, Centre of E
 xcellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging\, La Trobe University\, VIC 3086\,
  Australia)\, Nicholas Anthony (Australian Research Council\, Centre of Ex
 cellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging\, La Trobe University\, VIC 3086\, 
 Australia)\n\nPtychography is a method for quantitatively determining the 
 phase of of a samples’ complex transmission function. The technique reli
 es upon the collection of multiple overlapping coherent diffraction patter
 ns from laterally displaced points on the sample. The overlap of measureme
 nt points provides complementary information that significantly aids in th
 e reconstruction of the complex wavefield exiting the sample. Moreover the
  method is sufficiently robust to simultaneously recover both the sample a
 nd probe functions from a single dataset.\n\nPtychography was initially re
 alised for applications involving electron microscopy (Hoppe et al.\, Acta
  Cryst. A\, 1969) but has been widely adopted by the x-ray lensless imagin
 g community. More recently\, it has found application in the optical regim
 e (e.g. Godden et al. Optics Express\, 2014) where it can be applied to 2D
  and 3D quantitative phase contrast imaging of weakly interacting specimen
 s.\n\nHere we describe and demonstrate the realisation of a high-quality o
 ptical ptychographic microscope at La Trobe University comprising ‘off t
 he shelf’ components. As well as providing important proof-of-principle 
 data for developing coherent imaging experiments at synchrotron and X-ray 
 Free Electron Laser (XFEL) sources\, we are planning to develop this instr
 ument for applications involving complimentary live cell imaging.\n\nhttps
 ://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/653/
LOCATION:NCSS Exhibition Area
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/653/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:The THz/Far-IR Beamline at the Australian Synchrotron
DTSTART:20141120T053000Z
DTEND:20141120T055000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-654@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Courtney Ennis (The Australian Synchrotron/ La Trobe
  University)\, Christopher Medcraft (Center for Free-Electron Laser Scienc
 e\, Luruper Chaussee 149\, 22761 Hamburg\, Germany)\, Andy Wong (Monash Un
 iversity)\, Ruth Plathe (The Australian Synchrotron)\, Dominique Appadoo (
 The Australian Synchrotron)\, Ruth Plathe (Australian Synchrotron)\n\nThe 
 THz/Far-IR beamline at the Australian Synchrotron is coupled to a Bruker I
 FS125 FT spectrometer which is equipped with a variety of optical componen
 ts and detectors covering the spectral range from 10 to 5000 cm-1. Experim
 ents from a variety of fields such as atmospheric and astrophysical scienc
 es\, geology\, electrochemistry\, nano-materials as well as biology have b
 een successfully conducted at the beamline.\nThere is a variety of instrum
 ents to accommodate the diverse requirements of the User community: long-p
 ath gas-cells to study gases\, radicals generated by pyrolysis and aerosol
 s\; 6.3 K and 77 K cryostats to study condensed-phase samples in transmiss
 ion\, and reflection studies at grazing incidence\, as well as near-normal
  incidence at high-temperatures (\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/eve
 nt/3/contributions/654/
LOCATION:Oliphant Auditorium
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/654/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:X-ray Fourier-transform holography with customizable references
DTSTART:20141120T063000Z
DTEND:20141120T080000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-655@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Grant van Riessen (La Trobe University)\, Adrian D'A
 lfonso (School of Physics\, University of Melbourne)\, Andrew Martin (ARC 
 Centre for Excellence for Advanced Molecular Imaging\, School of Physics\,
  University of Melbourne)\n\nHolographic references can enhance the robust
 ness of coherent diffraction imaging experiments and greatly simplify data
  analysis. However\, to date holography has only only been possible with a
  limited set of special reference waves. We present a new approach to x-ay
  Fourier-transform holography with an almost unrestricted choice for the r
 eference wave\, opening up new avenues to optimize signal-to-noise and res
 olution. Two geometries that exploit this flexibility are to have the refe
 rence and object in separate planes and to have a reference that fills the
  field of view. Both of these advantages featured in an experiment we perf
 ormed at the Australian Synchrotron  where we explored the potential of ou
 r method. In future experiments\, our goal is to optimize holography for r
 obustness and resolution by optimizing the reference design to help establ
 ish holography as a reliable\, accessible\, high-resolution coherent imagi
 ng technique.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/6
 55/
LOCATION:NCSS Exhibition Area
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/655/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Developments in sample characterisation at the SXR endstation
DTSTART:20141120T063000Z
DTEND:20141120T080000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-656@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Bruce Cowie (Australian Synchrotron.)\, Lars Thomsen
  (Australian Synchrotron)\, Anton Tadich (Australian Synchrotron)\n\nMany 
 of the more demanding surface science experiments at the soft x-ray beamli
 ne are often concerned with the interaction between ordered substrates of 
 novel materials and adlayer molecules or thin films. Whilst soft x-ray spe
 ctroscopy is extremely powerful in characterizing the chemical information
  at such interfaces\, being able to measure concomitant changes in other p
 hysical properties can provide a more complete story\; for example\, under
 standing how we can control free charge carriers in novel materials using 
 molecular acceptor or donor molecules. We detail two major hardware upgrad
 es on the endstation for additional sample characterization. The first has
  been the addition of an Ultra high Vacuum (UHV) four point probe\, capabl
 e of measuring  the resistivity of samples in-situ. Under a continuous UHV
  environment\, we can now obtain electronic structure and chemical informa
 tion using soft x-ray spectroscopy\, with changes in the electrical proper
 ties i.e basic transport measurements. The hardware is currently being ext
 ended to measure Hall Bar geometries with back gating. Recent results on D
 NA nucleobase molecules and their interaction with graphene are shown. The
  second major initiative has been the  to develop robust means of measurin
 g the sample workfunction\, a property highly sensitive to surface chemist
 ry. The photoemission-based method\, using the secondary electron cutoff (
 SECO)\, has been initiated. For materials where the SECO method does not w
 ork (e.g insulators) we have installed a non-contact UHV Kelvin Probe. Rec
 ent results from the Kelvin probe and SECO on functionalised diamond surfa
 ces are presented.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributi
 ons/656/
LOCATION:NCSS Exhibition Area
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/656/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Formation of nanostructures in Silicon Oxynitrides by Ion Implanta
 tion
DTSTART:20141120T063000Z
DTEND:20141120T080000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-657@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Felipe Kremer (Australian National University)\, Mar
 k Ridgway (Australian National University)\, Patrick Kluth (Australian Nat
 ional University)\, Pablo Mota Santiago (Australian National University)\n
 \nThe photoluminescence signal of Amorphous silicon oxynitrides can be tun
 able by controlling their stoichiometry. The change in PL is related to de
 fect centres and phase structures changes [1]. A coupling between the surf
 ace plasmon resonace of Au nanoparticles with these PL centres would lead 
 to develop new optoelectronic and light source devices.\n\nTo study this p
 rocess we implanted 2 MeV Au ions at room temperature with a fluence of 5 
 X 1016 ions/cm2\, following a 60 minute thermal annealing at different atm
 ospheres and temperatures between 1000°C to 1100 °C.  The different size
  distributions were determined via Small Angle X-ray Scattering\, while th
 e structural parameters were determined by EXAFS [2]. As a result\, Au nan
 oparticles with an average radius between 1-8 nm were found\, where the si
 ze distribution showed a strong dependence with N concentration.\n\n[1] Hu
 ang R. et al.\, Bright red\, orange-yellow and white switching photolumine
 scence from silicon oxynitrides films with fast decay dynamics\, Opt. Mat.
  Express 4 2 205 (2014)\n[2] Giulian R.\, et al.\, The influence of anneal
 ing conditions on the growth and structure of embedded Pt nanocrystals\, J
 . Appl. Phys. 105 2 044303 (2009)\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/eve
 nt/3/contributions/657/
LOCATION:NCSS Exhibition Area
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/657/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Pipeline for <i>in cellulo</i> structure determination
DTSTART:20141120T063000Z
DTEND:20141120T080000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-658@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Fasseli Coulibaly (Monash University)\, Tom Caradoc-
 Davies (Australian Synchrotron.)\, Chan Lay (Monash University)\, Damia Ga
 rriga (Monash University)\, Marion Boudes (Monash University)\n\nThe produ
 ction of diffraction-quality crystals remains the major bottleneck in X-ra
 y crystallography\, as shown by data from the main structural biology cons
 ortia. By contrast\, in certain systems\, crystals grow readily in the com
 plex environment of the cell used to express the protein\, be it in the na
 tural context or in a recombinant system for overexpression. Recent intere
 st in these in vivo crystals have \nemerged in the context of a growing im
 pact of microcrystallography brought by serial microcrystallography at syn
 chrotron and X-ray free electron laser facilities.\n\nOur aim is to set up
  a pipeline to streamline in cellulo diffraction\, direct exposure of crys
 tals to X-rays directly through the cells. Using in vivo crystals of the r
 ecombinant cypovirus polyhedrin\, we show that crystal-containing cells co
 uld be selectively sorted by flow cytometry based on their higher side sca
 ttering. Crystal-containing cells were dyed with Trypan blue to achieve be
 tter visualisation\, mounted on micromeshes and flash-frozen. Analysis of 
 these cells on the MX2 beamline of the Australian Synchrotron show that hi
 gh-quality diffraction data can be collected from in cellulo crystals. The
  structure of the polyhedrin protein determined by molecular replacement c
 losely matches the model previously determined from purified microcrystals
 . Advantages of this approach over conventional crystallography and future
  developments will be discussed in the presentation.\n\nhttps://events.syn
 chrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/658/
LOCATION:NCSS Exhibition Area
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/658/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Carbon speciation in soil: Effects on carbon turnover and carbon s
 equestration
DTSTART:20141121T031500Z
DTEND:20141121T033500Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-659@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Peter Kopittke (The University of Queensland)\, Mark
  Tobin (Australian Synchrotron)\, Danielle Martin (Australian Synchrotron)
 \, Neal Menzies (The University of Queensland)\, Ram Dalal (Department of 
 Science\, Information Technology\, Innovation and the Arts\, Queensland Go
 vernment)\, MARIA C. HERNANDEZ-SORIANO (SCHOOL OF AGRICULTURE AND FOOD SCI
 ENCES\, THE UNIVERSITY OF QUEENSLAND)\n\nCarbon storage in soil is essenti
 al for soil productivity while being directly linked to climate change. Ma
 pping microaggregate-associated forms of soil organic carbon can help unde
 rstanding the mechanisms of carbon stabilization in soil\, revealing molec
 ular organization\, physical protection in soil particles and co-localizat
 ion of carbon sources with microbial processes. \nSpatially-resolved analy
 ses of carbon distribution in microaggregates (\n\nhttps://events.synchrot
 ron.org.au/event/3/contributions/659/
LOCATION:NCSS Seminar Room
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/659/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:High Resolution Imaging of IMBL microbeams.
DTSTART:20141121T033500Z
DTEND:20141121T035500Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-660@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Andrew Stevenson (Australian Synchrotron/ CSIRO)\, I
 wan Cornelius (Imaging and Medical Beamline\, Australian Synchrotron)\, Ri
 ck Franich (RMIT\, School of Applied Science)\, Moshi Geso (RMIT\, School 
 of Medical Sciences)\, Frank Gagliardi (WBRC - Alfred Hospital\, RMIT Univ
 ersity)\n\nHigh resolution 3D imaging of microbeam radiation therapy (MRT)
  microbeams produced on the Australian Synchrotron's IMBL has been achieve
 d using laser fluorescent confocal microscopy (LFCM). Radiosensitive dosim
 eters have been specifically fabricated to suit the extremely high dose of
  the MRT microbeams and the geometrical needs of the LFCM. Cross-fire\, st
 ereotactic and interlaced MRT beams are easily resolved in 3D with scope t
 o accurately determine dosimetric properties to be used in future animal a
 nd human treatments.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contribu
 tions/660/
LOCATION:Conference Room AS
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/660/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Spatial dosimetric response of an ionisation chamber to kilovoltag
 e synchrotron radiation by 2D scanning in a sub-millimetre beam
DTSTART:20141120T053000Z
DTEND:20141120T055000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-661@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Christopher Hall (Australian Synchrotron)\, Andrew S
 tevenson (Australian Synchrotron/ CSIRO)\, Duncan Butler (ARPANSA)\n\nThe 
 IMBL at the Australian Synchrotron is able to provide high-brightness kilo
 voltage radiation in the energy range 20 – 200 keV. A PTW 30013 Farmer-t
 ype ionisation chamber was scanned through a point-like (sub-millimetre) b
 eam and the ionisation signal from the chamber was recorded as a function 
 of position. In this way an image was constructed from the spatial dosimet
 ric response of the chamber. Such information can be used to determine\, f
 or example\, the fraction of response from the chamber stem to the overall
  response of the chamber. Other interesting features include the contribut
 ion from the aluminium central electrode\, and increased response where th
 e walls are side-on to the beam (and therefore contribute a greater number
  of secondary electrons to the air cavity). The results are compared to a 
 Monte Carlo model. Dosimetric response maps should be useful for investiga
 ting the design of ionisation chambers for radiotherapy.\n\nhttps://events
 .synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/661/
LOCATION:Conference Room AS
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/661/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Developments in Partially Coherent Ptychography
DTSTART:20141120T063000Z
DTEND:20141120T080000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-662@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Keith Nugent (La Trobe University)\, Grant van Riess
 en (La Trobe University)\, Brian Abbey (La Trobe University)\, Bo Chen (La
  Trobe University)\, Guido Cadenazzi (La Trobe University)\n\nPtychography
  has rapidly developed into a widespread technique for high-resolution X-r
 ay microscopy due to improvements in image quality and the added flexibili
 ty over conventional Coherent Diffractive Imaging (CDI) techniques. These 
 benefits are achieved via scanning the sample across a finite incident bea
 m such that overlapping regions reinforce the solution for the sample tran
 smission function in the diffraction data. Recent developments in position
  correction algorithms ameliorate the problems associated with sample stag
 e drift and hysterises during image acquisition and reduce drift artefacts
 . Nevertheless\, its application to table-top sources has been less rapid 
 due to their limited coherent flux. Such an extension is vital if diffract
 ion microscopy is to become a widespread and routine imaging modality. In 
 this talk\, we present recent results of ptychographic diffractive imaging
  using partial spatial and temporal coherence and suggest a new condition 
 for the optimal overlap parameter when imaging using partially coherent ra
 diation. This has important implications for users wishing to apply ptycho
 graphy to conventional sources that may not meet the stringent coherence r
 equirements for conventional diffractive imaging.\n\nhttps://events.synchr
 otron.org.au/event/3/contributions/662/
LOCATION:NCSS Exhibition Area
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/662/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:SAXS and SANS characterisation of ion irradiation in polymers
DTSTART:20141120T032000Z
DTEND:20141120T034000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-663@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Patrick Kluth (Department of Electronic Material Eng
 ineering\, The Australian National University\, Australia)\, Elliot Gilber
 t (Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO))\, Nigel
  Kirby (Australian Synchrotron)\, Christina Trautmann (Materials Research 
 Department\, Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung (GSI)\, Darmstadt\, Ge
 rmany)\, Daniel Schauries (Department of Electronic Material Engineering\,
  The Australian National University\, Australia)\n\nWhen exposed to swift 
 heavy ion irradiation a wide range of materials show formation of ion trac
 ks as a result of their interaction with the material’s electrons. These
  tracks are narrow\, cylindrical-shaped regions of high defect concentrati
 on\, only a few nanometres in diameter and up to tens of micrometers in le
 ngth. Ion-irradiated polymers allow the fabrication of microelectronic dev
 ices such as micro-capacitors and as well as nanowires\, nano-membranes an
 d sensors. We have previously demonstrated small angle x-ray scattering (S
 AXS) allows a size characterisation of latent tracks in inorganic material
 s [1].\n\nHere\, we present our recent results on the investigation of ion
  tracks in polycarbonate. SAXS measurements reveal a diameter of 5 nm for 
 tracks hosted within an organic polymer environment. Complementary small a
 ngle neutron scattering (SANS) experiments at ANSTO reveal a similar value
 . However\, probing the relative change in density between the latent trac
 k and the host material\, SAXS shows significant less defect concentration
  within the tracks than SANS.  Both techniques are sensitive to different 
 elements and allow a comparison of the atom-specific damages of ion irradi
 ation in polycarbonate.\n\nFinally\, we present the effects of thermal ann
 ealing on ion tracks in polycarbonate: Moderate temperatures (100-200 oC) 
 lead to an increase in track diameter\, contrary to our previous results o
 n tracks in crystals [2].\n\n[1] P. Kluth et al.\, Phys. Rev. Lett. 101 (2
 011) 175503. [2] D. Schauries et al.\, J. Appl. Cryst. 46 (2013) 1558.\n\n
 https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/663/
LOCATION:Conference Room AS
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/663/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Zinc complex rescues subcellular zinc and calcium mislocalisation 
 in batten disease
DTSTART:20141120T032000Z
DTEND:20141120T034000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-664@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Paul Donnelly (University of Melbourne)\, Martin de 
 Jonge (Australian Synchrotron)\, Jeffrey Liddell (University of Melbourne)
 \, Simon James (Australian Synchrotron)\, Alexandra Grubman (University of
  Melbourne)\, Anthony White (University of Melbourne)\n\nA hallmark of neu
 rodegeneration is a failure of homeostatic mechanisms controlling the conc
 entration and distribution of biometals. A major roadblock to understandin
 g the impact of altered biometal homeostasis in neurodegenerative disease 
 is the lack of specific and sensitive techniques capable of providing quan
 titative subcellular information on biometals in situ. Advances in X-ray f
 luorescence detectors provide an opportunity to rapidly measure biometal c
 ontent at subcellular resolution in cells using X-ray Fluorescence Microsc
 opy (XFM). We investigated subcellular biometal homeostasis in a cerebella
 r cell line from a natural mouse model of a childhood neurodegenerative di
 sorder\, the CLN6 form of Batten Disease. Despite no global cell concentra
 tion changes\, XFM revealed significant subcellular mislocalisation of zin
 c and calcium in cerebellar Cln6nclf cells. XFM revealed that nuclear-to-c
 ytoplasmic trafficking of zinc was severely perturbed in diseased cells an
 d the subcellular distribution of calcium was drastically altered in Cln6n
 clf cells. Subtle differences in the zinc XANES spectra of control and Cln
 6nclf cells suggested that impaired zinc homeostasis may be associated wit
 h an altered ligand set in Cln6nclf cells. Importantly\, a zinc-complex\, 
 ZnII(atsm)\, restored the nuclear-to-cytoplasmic zinc ratios in Cln6nclf c
 ells via nuclear zinc delivery\, and restored the relationship between sub
 cellular zinc and calcium levels to that observed in healthy control cells
 . ZnII(atsm) treatment also resulted in a reduction in the number of calci
 um-rich puncta observed in Cln6nclf cells. This study highlights the compl
 ementarities of bulk and single cell analysis of metal content for underst
 anding disease states.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contri
 butions/664/
LOCATION:Oliphant Auditorium
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/664/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Longitudinal Ptychographic Coherent Diffractive Imaging
DTSTART:20141121T001500Z
DTEND:20141121T004500Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-665@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Brian Abbey (ARC Centre of Excellence for Advanced M
 olecular Imaging\, La Trobe University\, Victoria 3086\, Australia)\, Bosh
 eng Zhang (JILA and Department of Physics University of Colorado at Boulde
 r\, Boulder\, Colorado 80309 USA)\, Mark Junker (Department of Physics\, L
 a Trobe Universty\, Melbourne\,Victoria 3086\, Australia)\, Grant van Ries
 sen (Department of Physics\, La Trobe Universty\, Melbourne\,Victoria 3086
 \, Australia)\, Bo Chen (ARC Centre of Excellence for Advanced Molecular I
 maging\, La Trobe University\, Victoria 3086\, Australia)\n\nIn recent yea
 rs Coherent Diffractive Imaging (CDI) has rapidly matured into a powerful 
 tool for high-resolution X-ray phase contrast imaging. However\, a fundame
 ntal limit exists on the size of object that can be imaged when using conv
 entional CDI due to the need to correctly sample the measured diffraction 
 intensities. Ptychography\, a technique initially developed for electron m
 icroscopy\, can overcome limitations on the sample size by combining data 
 collected from multiple overlapping probe positions. Whilst almost all pty
 chographic CDI experiments are performed using plane-waves our group has b
 een exploring the benefits of introducing phase curvature into the image r
 econstruction algorithms by illuminating the sample with the diverging pro
 be produced by a focused X-ray beam. We have shown that this geometry allo
 ws for rapid image reconstructions from large sample areas with far fewer 
 scanning points needed. Furthermore\, by combining data taken with the sam
 ple at different longitudinal positions parallel to the incident beam as w
 ell as data taken at different transverse positions perpendicular to the b
 eam it has been shown that the dose delivered to the sample can be greatly
  reduced without loss of spatial resolution. Here we carry this idea furth
 er\, showing that it is possible to reconstruct an image of a sample scann
 ed through the focal plane without any transverse data being included. Thi
 s has a number of potential applications for biological imaging including 
 ‘zooming in’ on regions of interest without imparting potentially dama
 ging X-ray doses to the rest of the sample.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.
 org.au/event/3/contributions/665/
LOCATION:Conference Room AS
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/665/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Temperature dependency analysis of Ge+1 ions embedded in Si3N4 by 
 ion implantation
DTSTART:20141120T063000Z
DTEND:20141120T080000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-666@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: sahar mirzaei (ANU)\n\nA uniform ion distribution of
  Ge+1 ions were achieved through multiple-energy/fluence implantations of 
 Ge ions into 2μm a-Si3N4\, which were grown on Si(100) substrates. Implan
 tations were performed at temperatures of -196\, 200 and 400 oC\, to inves
 tigate the effect of implanting temperature on the phase of the matrix.\nM
 ultiple techniques were used to characterise the evolution of the structur
 al properties of samples. The crystalline and amorphous components both as
  a function of implantation temperature and concentrations\, and post-impl
 ant annealing were quantified by X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy. The format
 ion of a Si-Ge bonding environments\, for all examined concentrations and 
 temperatures was readily evident. For samples implanted at -196 oC\, secon
 d and third nearest neighbor peaks were observed\, indicative of crystalli
 ne environment. For samples implanted at higher temperatures\, however\, t
 here was no extended structure indicating that the Ge environment is amorp
 hous for these samples.\nRaman spectroscopy measurements confirmed the imp
 lantation-temperature dependent structure. Crystallisation of the nitride 
 matrix enables the rapid diffusion of Ge atoms to the Si/Si3N4 interface. 
 The formation of a thin\, non-uniform GexSi(1-x) layer ensued\, accompanie
 d by interfacial faceting to relative strain. We find that both implantati
 on and chemical-induced defects appear to be responsible for the various s
 tructures that ensue with processing conditions. I have isolated the compl
 ex mechanisms responsible for crystallisation of the matrix\, including co
 nsideration of structure disorders\, loss of N2\, and non-stoichiometry.\n
 \nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/666/
LOCATION:NCSS Exhibition Area
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/666/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Formation of embedded SiGe alloy nanoparticles in Si3N4
DTSTART:20141120T063000Z
DTEND:20141120T080000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-667@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: David Sprouster (Brookhaven National Laboratory)\, M
 ark Ridgway (ANU)\, felipe Kremer (ANU)\, sahar mirzaei (ANU)\n\nThe struc
 tural properties of Ge NPs synthesised by ion implantation in amorphous Si
 3N4 at 400 oC. A combination of conventional techniques (XRD and RBS) and 
 synchrotron-based method have been used to investigate the properties of N
 Ps. XRD spectra reveals poly crystallization of the matrix for samples ann
 ealed at 1100 oC and a peak related to SiGe structure. RBS study indicates
  diffusion of Ge atoms toward the Si substrate after annealing at 1100 oC.
   In addition\, X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy quantified the interatomic s
 tructure of implanted samples both as function of concentrations\, and pos
 t annealing. The formation of a Si(1-x)Gex NPs with different compositions
  related to different atomic concentration of Ge ions\, for all examined s
 amples was readily evident. Regardless of implantation fluence all samples
  implanted at 1100 oC result in poly crystallization of the matrix and the
 refore formation of crystalline SiGe NPs. However\, for other annealing te
 mperatures no extended structures formed indicating that the SiGe NPs are 
 in amorphous phase. \n\nCrystallization of the nitride matrix enables the 
 rapid diffusion of Ge atoms to the Si/Si3N4 interface. we discuss the role
  of implantation and annealing on the growth of NPs in a Si3N4 matrix and 
 compare to that previously observed for Ge in SiO2. We find that implantat
 ion and defects appear to contribute to the final structure. The complex m
 echanisms responsible for crystallisation of the matrix including consider
 ation of structural disorder and non-stoichiometry have been identified.\n
 \nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/667/
LOCATION:NCSS Exhibition Area
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/667/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:X-Ray reflectometery on the SAXS/WAXS beamline
DTSTART:20141120T034000Z
DTEND:20141120T040000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-668@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Nigel Kirby (Australian Synchrotron)\, Andrew Nelson
  (ANSTO)\, Stephen Holt (Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organis
 ation)\n\nX-ray (XRR) and Neutron Reflectometry (NR) techniques are vital 
 and widely used for characterising the interfacial structure of thin films
  normal to a surface.  XRR is regularly used to characterise systems such 
 as ion distribution at the ionic-liquid/electrode surface\, the structure 
 of thin film organic photovoltaics\, the structure of organic light emitti
 ng devices\, phospholipid membranes at the air-liquid interface\, etc.\nXR
 R measurement are simple in principle: the intensity of reflected radiatio
 n is measured as a function of the momentum transfer\, Q\, which depends o
 n the angle of incidence and the wavelength of the X-rays.  Dividing by th
 e direct beam intensity gives the reflectivity. Providing one has sufficie
 nt incident beam collimation these experiments can be performed on a lab-s
 ource x-ray diffractometer/reflectometer.\nThe energy of most lab sources 
 (typically CuKα) restricts the choice for the upper medium\, usually to a
 ir.  Therefore air/solid or air/liquid interfaces are studied but rarely s
 olid/liquid\, liquid/liquid or buried interfaces. XRR at a synchrotron\, w
 here the energy can be tuned allied with the high brilliance\, enables one
  to overcome these limitations.  We have undertaken experiments at the liq
 uid/solid interface on the SAXS/WAXS beamline using x-ray energies of 20 k
 eV.\nThis presentation will outline the progress that has been made with t
 he expectation that this technique will be available to the wider user com
 munity. The success with organic solar cell dyes studied at the titania/ac
 etonitrile interface will be highlighted.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.or
 g.au/event/3/contributions/668/
LOCATION:Conference Room AS
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/668/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:A Compton spectroscopy technique for quality assurance of synchrot
 ron based stereotactic radiotherapy
DTSTART:20141120T063000Z
DTEND:20141120T080000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-669@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Anatoly Rosenfeld (Centre for Medical Radiation Phys
 ics\, University of Wollongong\, Wollongong\, New South Wales\, Australia)
 \, Michael Lerch (Centre for Medical Radiation Physics\, University of Wol
 longong\, Wollongong\, New South Wales\, Australia)\, Andrew Dipuglia (Cen
 tre for Medical Radiation Physics\, University of Wollongong\, Wollongong\
 , New South Wales\, Australia)\, Andrew Stevenson (Australian Synchrotron/
  CSIRO)\, Daniel Häusermann (Imaging and Medical Beamline\, Australian Sy
 nchrotron\, Clayton\, Victoria\, Australia)\, Christopher Hall (Australian
  Synchrotron)\, Jayde Livingstone (Australian Synchrotron)\, Iwan Corneliu
 s (Imaging and Medical Beamline\, Australian Synchrotron\, Clayton\, Victo
 ria\, Australia)\n\nSpectroscopy has the potential to be a powerful tool f
 or the quality assurance (QA) of radiotherapy beams\; however\, direct mea
 surement using spectroscopy detectors is confounded by pulse pile up effec
 ts. This is particularly significant for high dose rate\, synchrotron base
 d stereotactic radiotherapy modalities such as microbeam radiation therapy
  (MRT). We herein investigate a Compton spectroscopy technique to infer th
 e energy spectrum of the primary beam by measuring energies of photons sca
 ttered through 90 degrees in air. Compton spectroscopy of an MRT beam was 
 performed using a collimated Amptek CdTe detector at the Imaging and Medic
 al Beamline (IMBL) of the Australian Synchrotron. The response of the syst
 em as a function of energy was determined both experimentally\, using a mo
 nochromator in the energy range 30-90 keV\, and by  simulation using the G
 eant4 Monte Carlo toolkit for x-ray energies between 10-300 keV. This resp
 onse function\, along with the Compton equation\, can be used to reconstru
 ct the incident energy spectrum for subsequent comparison with the theoret
 ically predicted energy spectrum.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/eve
 nt/3/contributions/669/
LOCATION:NCSS Exhibition Area
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/669/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:New Packings and Properties for Supramolecular Nanoballs through S
 olvent and Counterion Variation
DTSTART:20141121T024500Z
DTEND:20141121T031500Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-679@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Stuart Batten (Monash University)\n\nWe have synthes
 ised large (2.7 nm) spherical metallosupramolecules (‘nanoballs’) with
  interesting properties [1-3]. Metal ions can be varied with retention of 
 overall structure and crystal packing. The molecular packing creates cavit
 ies within the solid state\, and the crystals readily absorb solvents such
  as methanol\, acetonitrile or acetone (which also changes the magnetic pr
 operties)\, and absorb significant amounts of hydrogen and carbon dioxide 
 (but not methane)\, pointing to a new class of porous materials. Other pro
 perties include switching between two magnetic spin states (spin crossover
 ) upon change in temperature or irradiation of light\, and size-selective 
 catalysis. New packing arrangements of the nanoballs can then be achieved 
 through variation of the counteranions or nitrile solvent\, leading to new
  phases with different physical properties.\n\n[1]    M.B. Duriska\, S.M. 
 Neville\, B. Moubaraki\, et al.\, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.\, 2009\, 48\, 2549
 .\n[2]    M.B. Duriska\, S.M. Neville\, J. Lu\, et al.\, Angew. Chem. Int.
  Ed.\, 2009\, 48\, 8919.\n[3]    M.B. Duriska\, S.M. Neville\, B. Moubarak
 i\, et al.\, ChemPlusChem\, 2012\, 77\, 616.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron
 .org.au/event/3/contributions/679/
LOCATION:Oliphant Auditorium
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/679/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Crystal Structure of Human Insulin-Regulated Aminopeptidase
DTSTART:20141121T012500Z
DTEND:20141121T014500Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-670@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Michael Parker (St Vincent's Institute)\, Craig Mort
 on (St Vincent's Institute for Medical Research)\, Siew Yeen Chai (Monash 
 University)\, Belinda Michell (St Vincent's Institute)\, Jessica Holien (S
 t Vincent's Institute)\, Nancy Hancock (St Vincent's Institute)\, David As
 cher (St Vincent's Institute)\, Stefan Hermans (St Vincent's Institute)\n\
 nDementia is the single greatest cause of disability in older Australians 
 afflicting almost one in ten over the age of 65. In the absence of curativ
 e therapies\, current treatments aimed at enhancing working memory target 
 the cholinergic system and demonstrate limited efficacy\, underpinning the
  need for a new class of cognitive enhancing drug. Insulin-regulated amino
 peptidase (IRAP) is a membrane-bound zinc-metallopeptidase that cleaves ne
 uroactive peptides in the brain and its inhibition gives rise to memory en
 hancing effects in both normal and memory-impaired rodents . Using a large
  scale insect cell expression system to produce milligram quantities of pr
 otein suitable for crystallography\, and the Micro Crystallography Beamlin
 e at the Australian Synchrotron\, we have determined the crystal structure
  of human IRAP to 2.96 Å. This structure revealed a semi-closed\, four do
 main arrangement with a large\, mostly buried cavity adjacent to the activ
 e site as well as a dimer interface located in the C-terminal domain. A co
 mparison of the catalytic domain with related aminopeptidases revealed a s
 trikingly different conformation of the GAMEN exopeptidase loop that expla
 ins IRAP’s unique specificity for cyclic peptides such as oxytocin and v
 asopressin. This structure will be a powerful tool in the development of n
 ew classes of cognitive enhancers for treating memory disorders such as Al
 zheimer's dementia.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contribut
 ions/670/
LOCATION:Oliphant Auditorium
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/670/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Structural Studies of Streptolysin O from Streptococcus pyogenes
DTSTART:20141120T063000Z
DTEND:20141120T080000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-671@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Susanne Feil (svi)\n\nCholesterol-dependent cytolysi
 ns (CDCs) constitute a family of bacterial toxins that form pores in many 
 cell types. CDCs are secreted as water-soluble monomers\, bind to choleste
 rol-rich membranes\, oligomerise and insert into cell membranes. The prese
 nce of membrane cholesterol is required for the formation of large pores i
 n cell membranes. In order to convert from a soluble monomeric protein int
 o a membrane pore conformational changes of the three-dimensional structur
 es of these toxins have to occur. Here\, we present the three-dimensional 
 structure of streptolysin O (SLO) from Streptococcus pyogenes. Comparison 
 with other CDCs structures shows that the overall fold is similar but the 
 C-terminal domain exhibits a different orientation with respect to the res
 t of the molecule. Additionally\, the highly conserved region called the u
 ndecapeptide motif\, which is involved in membrane recognition\, adopts a 
 different conformation in SLO compared to perfringolysin O (PFO)\, althoug
 h the sequences in this region between the two toxins are identical.\n\nht
 tps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/671/
LOCATION:NCSS Exhibition Area
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/671/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Ion Track Formation in Silicon Oxynitrides by Swift Heavy-Ion Irra
 diation
DTSTART:20141120T063000Z
DTEND:20141120T080000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-672@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Mark Ridgway (Electronic Material Engineering\, Aust
 ralian National University)\, Patrick Kluth (Electronic Material Engineeri
 ng)\, Allina Nadzri (Australian National University (ANU))\, Daniel Schaur
 ies (ANU)\, Pablo Mota Santiago (Australian National University)\n\nAmorph
 ous silicon oxynitrides (SiOxNy) are commonly used as barrier material due
  to their interesting mechanical and chemical properties. However\, their 
 application as gradient-index materials makes them also suitable candidate
 s for the synthesis of nanostructures [1].\n\nHere\, we present direct evi
 dence for the formation of ion tracks in 1-micron-thick silicon oxynitride
 s of different stoichiometry. The samples were irradiated with 185 MeV Au1
 3+ ions to create the ion tracks. At such energies\, the incident ion inte
 racts predominantly with the system in the electronic regime. The subseque
 nt transfer of energy to the lattice can yield melting along the ion path.
  While in crystalline materials the rapid quenching freezes in structural 
 disorder resulting in an ion track\, in amorphous materials a more complex
  process takes place [2]. The stoichiometry was determined using spectral 
 Reflectometry and Rutherford backscattering (RBS)\, while the morphology w
 as characterised by means of Small Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS) and Fouri
 er Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). SAXS measurements indicate a co
 re-shell structure for the ion tracks\, with a typical radius between 3-7 
 nm\, following a trend with N content.\n\n\n[1] Baak\, T.\, Silicon Oxynit
 ride\; a material for GRIN optics\, Appl. Opt. 21 6 1069 (1982)\n\n[2] Klu
 th\, P. et al.\, Fine Structure in Swift Heavy Ion Tracks in Amorphous SiO
 2\, Phys. Rev. Lett. 101 175503 (2008) \n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.
 au/event/3/contributions/672/
LOCATION:NCSS Exhibition Area
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/672/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Probing materials at 100 nm resolution by AFM-based near field FTI
 R
DTSTART:20141120T034000Z
DTEND:20141120T040000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-673@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Hsin-Hui Shen (Monash University)\, Ljiljana Puskar 
 (Australian Synchrotron)\, Mark Tobin (Australian Synchrotron)\n\nDevelopm
 ents to enable infrared microspectroscopy to extend beyond the far field d
 iffraction limit are being undertaken at several accelerator facilities wo
 rldwide.  These include the CLIO Free Electron Laser (Paris\, France)\, LN
 LS (Campinas\, Brazil)\, and the ALS infrared beamline (Berkeley\, USA).  
 Without such developments\, the spatial resolution in the mid-IR is typica
 lly 3 to 5 microns. Two alternative techniques based on photothermal expan
 sion (CLIO) and on near-field scattering from an AFM probe (LNLS\, ALS) ar
 e used by these facilities\, and a beamline dedicated to this technique is
  planned for LNLS\, with potential to push the spatial resolution limit to
  less than 100 nm.  The IR beamline group at the Australian Synchrotron ha
 ve gained experience of both methods\, through successful beamtime at CLIO
  and at the ALS. Results from the most recent beamtime at the ALS AFM-IR b
 eamline instrument show the potential to collect representative IR spectra
  from sub micron samples which had not been achievable using the IR beamli
 ne at the Australian Synchrotron. Details of the instrumentation at the AL
 S beamline will be described\, along with results from samples\, including
  the detection surface glucan molecules on the hyphae of Candida albicans 
 fungi. Such instrumentation could potentially be installed as an add-on to
  the IRM beamline at the Australian Synchrotron.\n\nhttps://events.synchro
 tron.org.au/event/3/contributions/673/
LOCATION:Oliphant Auditorium
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/673/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:A combined XAS and TEM study on functional cobalt oxide catalysts 
 for water oxidation catalysis
DTSTART:20141120T063000Z
DTEND:20141120T080000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-674@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Rosalie Hocking (James Cook University)\, Hannah Kin
 g (James Cook University)\n\nOne of the biggest challenges of the 21st cen
 tury is to develop methods of producing cheap\, carbon-neutral\, clean ene
 rgy.(1) The Sun is a forefront renewable energy source\, however current s
 olar technologies are limited by the Sun’s diurnal nature. To become a v
 iable future technology\, solar energy systems will need to efficiently co
 nvert sunlight into energy\, and then provide a method of storing this har
 nessed energy. Photocatalytic water splitting has been considered an attra
 ctive way to store solar energy. The reaction product (molecular hydrogen)
  is an energy dense molecule that be used directly as a clean fuel\, or be
  readily converted into other energy dense materials\, such as solar fuels
 .(2) Solar fuels can be made economic through the use of inexpensive\, Ear
 th-abundant materials in the catalytic water oxidation reaction. Some of t
 he most promising candidates for this purpose include phosphate doped meta
 l oxides.(3) Understanding the role of the phosphate dopant in these catal
 ysts is analytically challenging as the active dopant component is present
  in low levels and results in disordered amorphous materials. Our work foc
 usses on developing a synthetic approach to systematically alter the phosp
 hate dopant in metal oxide catalysts and developing new analytical approac
 hes to understand how the resulting disordered structure correlates with t
 he high catalytic function.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/c
 ontributions/674/
LOCATION:NCSS Exhibition Area
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/674/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:X-ray Imaging at IMBL: Detailed Considerations of Contrast and Res
 olution
DTSTART:20141120T043000Z
DTEND:20141120T045000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-675@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: James Pearson (IMBL / Monash University)\, Anton Mak
 simenko (Australian Synchrotron)\, Christopher Hall (Australian Synchrotro
 n)\, Andrew Stevenson (Australian Synchrotron/ CSIRO)\, Daniel Hausermann 
 (Australian Synchrotron)\n\nThe Imaging and Medical Beamline (IMBL) at the
  Australian Synchrotron has three hutches\, centred at 22\, 36 and 140m fr
 om the source\, in which user experiments are performed.  Radiotherapy exp
 eriments are currently performed in the first of these hutches\, and imagi
 ng (including tomography) in the second and third hutches. The X-ray sourc
 e is provided by a superconducting multipole wiggler (SCMPW) insertion dev
 ice. A double-crystal Laue monochromator (DCLM) can be used to select the 
 desired X-ray energy within the range 20 - 120keV at present. Alternativel
 y\, a white (pink) beam can be employed\, using appropriate in-vacuo filte
 rs.\n\nWe will provide a detailed description and analysis of the key fact
 ors which influence the quality of X-ray images which can be recorded. In 
 addition to the nature of the sample itself\, the factors considered inclu
 de the SCMPW field\, X-ray energy or spectrum used\, source size\, detecto
 r resolution\, source-to-sample and sample-to-detector distances. The key 
 parameters used in describing the “quality” of an X-ray image are cont
 rast (both absorption and phase) and resolution. An objective assessment o
 f the point-spread function will be central and some discussion of signal-
 to-noise ratio will also be included. Other factors such as the presence o
 f a small harmonic-contamination contribution for certain operation of the
  DCLM will be considered.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/con
 tributions/675/
LOCATION:Conference Room AS
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/675/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Hydrogen Bonding of O-Ethylxanthate Compounds and Neutron Structur
 al Determination of C–H•••S Interactions
DTSTART:20141120T063000Z
DTEND:20141120T080000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-676@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Anthony Chesman (CSIRO)\, David Turner (Monash Unive
 rsity)\, Lauren Macreadie (Monash University)\n\nThe hydrogen bonding in m
 ixed sulfur/oxygen acceptor systems can be thoroughly investigated using t
 he O-ethylxanthate  (or O-alkyldithiocarbonate) family of anions. A series
  of O-ethylxanthate salts (guanidinium\, methylammonium\, dimethylammonium
 \, trimethylammonium\, tetramethylammonium\, tetraethylammonium\, and tetr
 apropylammonium)\, were structurally characterised using synchrotron X-ray
  spectroscopy to demonstrate the influence of the cation on the overall pa
 cking of the salts into either 3-D\, 2-D or 1-D hydrogen-bonded arrangemen
 ts. The protic cations vary in the number of available hydrogen bond donor
 s which in turn affects the dimensionality of the hydrogen-bonded networks
  that form. The guanidinium cation gives rise to a 3-D hydrogen-bonded net
 work due to the large number of NH hydrogen bond donors\, whereas the use 
 of ammonium cations\, of the nature MexH4−xN+ (x = 1 – 3)\, demonstrat
 es the decreasing dimensionality of the structures as the number of hydrog
 en bond donors decreases.  Aprotic cations were also studied to demonstrat
 e the influence of C-H…S interactions on the overall packing arrangement
  of the structure\, in the absence of strong hydrogen bond donor groups. L
 aue neutron diffraction data was used to locate weak C-H…S hydrogen bond
 s in (Me4N)(EtXn) through the location of the exact positions of the CH hy
 drogen donors. The neutron data demonstrates the unequivocal presence of C
 H•••S hydrogen bonding\, with the H•••S distance significantly
  shorter than the sum of the van der Waals’ radii (shortest interaction 
 2.67 Å compared with 3.00 Å).\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event
 /3/contributions/676/
LOCATION:NCSS Exhibition Area
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/676/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:FTIR detection of different phases of fatty acids forming 3D-assem
 blies
DTSTART:20141120T063000Z
DTEND:20141120T080000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-677@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Elena Ivanova (Swinburne Univeristy of Technology)\,
  Russell Crawford (Swinburne University of Technology)\, Peter Mahon (Swin
 burne University of Technology)\, David Mainwaring (Swinburne University o
 f Technology)\, Mark Tobin (Australian Synchrotron)\, Hayden Webb (Swinbur
 ne University of Technology)\, Song Ha Nguyen (Swinburne University of Tec
 hnology)\n\nSelf-assembly of molecules on highly oriented pyrolytic graphi
 te (HOPG) to form ordered patterns have been an area of active research si
 nce it is relevant to colloidal stabilization\, patterning and thin film d
 evices. Most of the works have focused on 2D crystalline layers of the mol
 ecules absorbed onto graphite surfaces. However\, more and more research h
 as provided the significance of forming 3D-structures onto surfaces\, for 
 instance\, superhydrophobicity\, self-cleaning and bactericides are induce
 d by 3D wax crystals present on natural surfaces such as plant leaves and 
 insect wings. Two fatty acids\, palmitic acid and stearic acid\, which are
  ubiquitous in many organisms\, have been found to be the main contributor
 s in the forming of 3D structure of Hemianax papuensis dragonfly wings.  T
 herefore\, understanding and mimicking the formation of 3D-patterns in thi
 s case is not only important to biological process but also to potential a
 pplications. In this work\, the two fatty acids were self-assembled onto t
 he surface of HOPG which produced ordered 3D-assemblies. However\, despite
  their similarities in chemical properties\, their 3D structure appeared g
 reatly different. Palmitic acid formed into 3D-microblades whilst stearic 
 acids formed into shorter plates. In order to understand the mechanism of 
 such variations\, Synchrotron FTIR in ATR mode was employed. Peak shifts i
 n CH2 νas peaks were observed between the two fatty acids. It is postulat
 ed that this might be due to different phases present within the same 3D-a
 ssemblies of the two fatty acids.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/eve
 nt/3/contributions/677/
LOCATION:NCSS Exhibition Area
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/677/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Structure and function studies on  human plasminogen glycoforms
DTSTART:20141120T011000Z
DTEND:20141120T013000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-678@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: James Whisstock (Monash University)\, Diana Abu-Ssay
 deh (Monash University)\, Martina Sanderson-Smith (University of Wollongon
 g)\, Francis Castellino (University of Notre Dame)\, Adam Quek (Monash Uni
 versity)\, Paul Coughlin (Monash University)\, Nathan Cowieson (Australian
  Synchrotron)\, Tom Caradoc-Davies (Australian Synchrotron.)\, Ruby Law (M
 onash University)\n\nPlasminogen is a 7-domain protein (with an N-terminal
  Pan-apple domain\, five kringle domains and a C-terminal serine protease 
 domain) that adopts a closed\, activation-resistant conformation in the ci
 rculatory system. The recruitment of plasminogen to its target sites is de
 pendant on the lysine binding sites of the kringle domains. Binding to lys
 ine residues on cell receptors and fibrin clots simultaneously triggers a 
 conformational re-arrangement of the molecule to adopt an open conformatio
 n. The open form is readily converted to plasmin by tissue- and urokinase-
 type Plasminogen Activators. Plasmin plays a key role in number of physiol
 ogical and pathological processes including degradation of extracellular m
 atrices\, cell migration\, tissue remodeling\, wound healing\, angiogenesi
 s\, inflammation\, pathogen invasion and cancer migration. \n\nWe have sol
 ved the X-ray crystal structure of human plasminogen in the closed conform
 ation. Our results revealed that the N-terminal Pan-apple domain and the s
 erine protease domain maintain the closed conformation via interactions ma
 de throughout the kringle array\, in particular\, Kringles 2\, 4 and 5. Ou
 r data suggests that Kringle 1 governs proenzyme recruitment to target sit
 es and binding to external lysine of Kringle 5 in the closed conformation 
 may trigger the formation of the open conformation. \n\nGlycosylation affe
 cts the overall conformation of the protein and therefore its functions. T
 here are two plasminogen glycoforms in the plasma\; our structural data su
 ggests that these glycoforms have distinct structural characteristics. Her
 e we discuss our studies on the activation and inhibition of these two gly
 coforms.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/678/
LOCATION:Oliphant Auditorium
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/678/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Characterisation of scale products formed on the heat-exchanger su
 rfaces in the Bayer process
DTSTART:20141120T034000Z
DTEND:20141120T040000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-680@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Andrea Gerson (University of South Australia)\, Jun 
 Li (University of South Australia)\, Ning Xu (University of South Australi
 a)\, Nobuyuki Kawashima (University of South Australia)\, Lina Shi (Univer
 sity of South Australia)\n\nVast quantities of bauxite ore\, used for the 
 production of alumina (Al2O3) via the Bayer process\, contain appreciable 
 concentrations of reactive silicates. Secondary precipitation of these sil
 icates within Bayer plants results in deleterious scale formation consisti
 ng largely of aluminosilicate and titanate phases\, with resulting losses 
 of caustic soda and decreased heat transfer efficiency. In spite of numero
 us related laboratory studies\, an insufficient amount of data has been pu
 blished regarding the characterisation of these industrial scales\, which 
 can provide vital information pertaining to the mechanism of scale growth.
  SEM\, XRD and EDS analyses were carried out on selected scale samples rem
 oved from the inside wall of plant equipment across a number of alumina re
 fineries. SEM images of the cross-section of the industrial scale samples 
 were carried out to explore compositional changes with depth from the wall
 . High amorphous content of the industrial samples were calculated using X
 RD Rietveld analysis and the addition of corundum was used as an internal 
 standard.  Therefore\, XANES at both the Al and Si K-edges was applied to 
 identify the amorphous phases\, in conjunction with XRD and EDS results\, 
 which were demonstrated to consist predominantly of poorly crystallised so
 dalite. There is strong correlation between the amorphous content and the 
 scale microstructure. High amorphous content appears to indicate nucleatio
 n of the scale occurred on the internal surfaces of the heat exchangers. L
 ow amorphous content suggest the desilication product particles form in th
 e slurry during desilication and then deposit on the heat exchange surface
 s.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/680/
LOCATION:NCSS Seminar Room
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/680/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Beyond SAXS\, how do we predict misfolding hotspots in alpha-synuc
 lein?
DTSTART:20141120T063000Z
DTEND:20141120T080000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-681@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Tim Ryan (Florey Institute University of Melbourne)\
 , Agata Rekas (ANSTO)\, Roberto Cappai (Department of Pathology University
  of Melbourne)\, Colin Masters (Florey Institute University of Melbourne)\
 , Robert Knott (ANSTO)\, Nigel Kirby (The Australian Synchrotron)\, Cyril 
 Curtain (Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health)\n\nThe 140 re
 sidue intrinsically disordered protein -synuclein (-syn) misfolds to form 
 fibrils that are the major constituent of the Lewy body intracellular prot
 ein inclusions and neurotoxic oligomers occurring in a number of neurodege
 nerative diseases\, including Parkinson’s disease (PD) and dementia with
  Lewy bodies. Using SAXS data analysed by ensemble optimised modelling (EO
 M) we have been able to show that the wild-type (WT) -syn gives a bimodal 
 distribution of Rg and Dmax whose relative proportions are varied in the t
 hree pathological single point mutations. Residual dipolar couplings (RDCs
 ) determined by 14N1H-HSQC NMR for the WT have been useful in explaining t
 he role of long range interactions in folding\, but have not been applied 
 to understanding the behaviour of the familial mutants. To study the famil
 ial mutants and those yet to be discovered\, amino acid replacement scanni
 ng of the whole -syn sequence to determine possible misfolding “hot spot
 s” and perform SAXS-EOM and 14N1H-HSQC NMR would be a huge task.  Howeve
 r\, it has been shown that it is possible to simulate RDCs from the sequen
 ce of intrinsically disordered proteins using the Flexible Meccano and Pal
 es software. In this presentation\, we shall show how simulated RDCs\, val
 idated by our historic SAXS data can suggest regions where changes in long
  and short range interactions can lead to misfolding. Thus forearmed\, we 
 can tackle the challenges of experimental validation.\n\nhttps://events.sy
 nchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/681/
LOCATION:NCSS Exhibition Area
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/681/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Broader horizons for Bragg Coherent Diffractive Imaging\; energy s
 canning and time-resolved measurements
DTSTART:20141120T051000Z
DTEND:20141120T053000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-682@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Brian Abbey (ARC Imaging CoE\, La Trobe University)\
 , David Vine (Advanced Photon Source\, Argonne National Laboratory)\, Ross
  Harder (Advanced Photon Source\, Argonne National Laboratory)\, Wonsuk Ch
 a (Materials Science Division\, Argonne National Laboratory)\, Nicholas Ph
 illips (ARC Imaging CoE\, La Trobe University / CSIRO Manufacturing Flagsh
 ip)\n\nBragg Coherent Diffractive Imaging (BCDI) is a technique which is r
 apidly gaining in popularity throughout the X-ray microscopy community.  B
 CDI allows the characterisation of both the shape and three-dimensional de
 formation field of nanocrystals at spatial resolutions approaching a few n
 m.  Typically BCDI is sensitive to displacements of \n\nhttps://events.syn
 chrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/682/
LOCATION:Oliphant Auditorium
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/682/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:The XFM beamline: Status\, upgrades and directions\, enabling user
  science across a range of disciplines
DTSTART:20141120T043000Z
DTEND:20141120T051000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-683@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Robert Grubb (Australian Synchrotron)\, Robert Rosta
 n (Australian Synchrotron)\, Noel Basten (Australian Synchrotron)\, Brian 
 Jensen (Australian Synchrotron)\, Mark Colclough (Australian Synchrotron)\
 , Lou Corvetti (Australian Synchrotron)\, Terry Cornall (Australian Synchr
 otron)\, Nader Afshar (Controls Engineer)\, Andrew Starritt (Australian Sy
 nchrotron)\, Rick Le Guen (Australian Synchrotron)\, Brad Mountford (Austr
 alian Synchrotron)\, Jim Divitcos (Australian Synchrotron)\, Luke Adamson 
 (Australian Synchrotron)\, Adam Walsh (Australian Synchrotron)\, Robin Kir
 kham (CSIRO)\, Chris Ryan (CSIRO)\, Michael Jones (Australian Synchrotron)
 \, Gary Ruben (CSIRO)\, Simon James (Australian Synchrotron)\, Daryl Howar
 d (Australian Synchrotron)\, David Paterson (Australian Synchrotron)\, Mar
 tin de Jonge (Australian Synchrotron)\n\nThe X-Ray Fluorescence Microscopy
  beamline has hosted around 250 user groups since it started user operatio
 ns in 2008\, and sustains high levels of oversubscription. Armed with the 
 world-leading Maia detector\, and ongoing collaboration with CSIRO\, almos
 t 100\,000 scans have been performed\, representing an estimated 100 Gpixe
 ls of data and a stage transit of around 200 km with a positioning accurac
 y of 2 μm.\nIn order to harness the power of the Maia detector\, we have 
 undertaken an ambitious series of upgrades.  This presentation describes t
 he beamline instrumentation with reference to applications\, and recent up
 grades to the table\, scanning stages\, tomography\, large-area scanning\,
  cryogenics\, and configurable specimen mounting stages\, as well as beaml
 ine ancillaries including equipment for specimen pre-alignment and cryogen
 ic specimen preparation.  It will then close with a short exploration of t
 he future directions for the beamline’s evolution.\n\nThis session will 
 include an extended open discussion for XFM users.\n\nhttps://events.synch
 rotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/683/
LOCATION:NCSS Seminar Room
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/683/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Comparison of dose deposition patterns of multi-slit versus single
 -slit collimators in synchrotron MRT and their effect on 9L cells
DTSTART:20141120T063000Z
DTEND:20141120T080000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-689@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Anatoly Rosenfeld (CMRP\,UoW)\, Andrew Stevenson (Au
 stralian Synchrotron/ CSIRO)\, Moeava Tehei (CMRP\, UoW)\, Daniel Franklin
  (Faculty of Engineering and IT\, UTS)\, Sianne Oktaria (CMRP\, UoW)\, Ale
 ssandra Malaroda (CMRP\, UoW)\, Mitra Safavi-Naeini (CMRP\, University of 
 Wollongong)\, Michael Lerch (CMRP\, UoW)\n\nResults of quantitative evalua
 tion and comparison of dose deposition patterns and radiobiological effect
 s in synchrotron microbeam radiotherapy (MRT) - in particular\, the inter-
 microbeam "valley" dose - for six beam geometries and three different in-b
 eam dose values are presented. The X-Tream dosimeter and Gafchromic film h
 ave been used to quantitatively compare the dose distribution resulting fr
 om step-and-shoot single versus multi-slit collimation for two of the six 
 beam geometries in order to validate the use of the single-slit approach f
 or the other four geometries. Radiobiological effects have been assessed b
 y evaluating post-irradiation cell survival fractions on cultured 9L glios
 arcoma cells. \n\nPreliminary results from our allocated beamtime at the A
 ustralian synchrotron show that valley doses obtained with single-slit ste
 p-and-shoot collimation are between 3 and 10% lower than in multi-slit col
 limation with the same beam width and peak-to-peak distance. The biologica
 l effects of any difference in spatial and temporal dose deposition patter
 ns were also investigated by irradiating in vitro 9L gliosarcoma cells (at
  a depth of 2 cm in water\, surrounded by solid water) using both beam del
 ivery methods. At the time of writing this abstract\, the irradiated cells
  are in incubation and their colony formation abilities will be assessed i
 n two weeks.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/68
 9/
LOCATION:NCSS Exhibition Area
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/689/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:A Model-based approach to Motion Control design at the Australian 
 Synchrotron
DTSTART:20141120T063000Z
DTEND:20141120T080000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-684@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Rick Le Guen (Principal Controls Engineer)\, Peter K
 appen (Principal Scientist\, XAS)\, Emma Shepherd (Senior Controls Enginee
 r)\, Paul Martin (Principal Controls Engineer)\, Nader Afshar (Controls En
 gineer)\n\nReliable\, robust\, and predictable control of motion axes is a
  key component to any synchrotron beamline. To this end\, new motion contr
 ols hardware (Geo-Brick-LV-GBLV\, Delta-Tau-UK) was recently introduced at
  the XAS\, IMBL\, SXR and XFM Beamlines. Challenges included optimising an
 d tuning motion axes behaviour for in-vacuum motors\, closed-loop tracking
  axes\, and scanners with velocity requirements. \nGenerally\, the GBLVs a
 re very powerful motion controllers\, which can be utilised for many diffe
 rent applications by soft configuration/tuning. This sophistication and fl
 exibility often implies complex and potentially difficult configuration an
 d tuning processes by highly specialized engineers\, particularly for non-
 trivial motion environments at beamlines. \nIn order to address these chal
 lenges\, a model-based approach was used to provide a framework for genera
 lising and formulating the motion control system. The model makes it possi
 ble to classify applications (e.g. positioning\, scanning)\, and suggest o
 ptimum motor configuration and tuning based on design inputs of motor and 
 stage specification and user requirements (e.g. accuracy\, speed). \nThe m
 odel developed has been applied successfully to more than 50 motion axes a
 t XAS\, IMBL and SXR\, adequately predicting motor performance outcomes. I
 t strongly improves the classical approach of system design based on expec
 ted configurations and manual tweaking in the field. This is because a mod
 el-based solution documents and incorporates learning\, evolves to handle 
 more and more complex systems\, classifies problem types\, and\, important
 ly\, reduces non-standardisation while improving usability\, which ultimat
 ely benefits the user community through more effective beamline operation.
 \n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/684/
LOCATION:NCSS Exhibition Area
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/684/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Changes to the Nanostructure of Collagen in Skin During Leather Pr
 ocessing
DTSTART:20141120T063000Z
DTEND:20141120T080000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-686@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Richard L. Edmonds (Leather and Shoe Research Associ
 ation)\, Melissa Basil-Jones (Massey University)\, Richard G. Haverkamp (M
 assey University)\, Stephen Mudie (Australian Synchrotron)\, Adrian Hawley
  (Australian Synchrotron)\, Nigel Kirby (Australian Synchrotron)\, Katie H
 . Sizeland (Massey University)\n\nLeather is a complex biomaterial largely
  composed of collagen fibrils. As skins are processed to produce leather\,
  chemical and physical changes take place that affect the physical propert
 ies of the material. The structural foundation of these changes at the col
 lagen fibril level is not fully understood and formed the basis of this in
 vestigation. Synchrotron-based small-angle X-ray scattering was used to qu
 antify fibril orientation and D-spacing through eight stages of processing
  from fresh green ovine skins to staked dry crust leather. Both these stru
 ctural aspects were found to change with processing. At a higher pH\, both
  D-spacing and the fibril orientation index are lower.  The elastic modulu
 s also changes with high salt concentrations and low pH conditions associa
 ted with materials that have a low elastic modulus. This study shows that 
 there are structural changes taking place during the processing of skin to
  leather. It is proposed the change in D-spacing is due to pH affecting th
 e H-bonding within the tropocollagen unit and the decrease in OI is due to
  the relaxation of tension in the fibrils enabling the collagen fibrils to
  bend or distort more. This understanding informs the influence of the che
 mistry at different stages of processing on the development of the final p
 hysical characteristics of leather. By understanding the structural change
 s of collagen that occur when skin is subjected to chemical and mechanical
  treatments\, it may be possible to modify some of these processing steps 
 to alter the final properties of leather.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.or
 g.au/event/3/contributions/686/
LOCATION:NCSS Exhibition Area
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/686/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:The Technologies That Drive the MX Beamlines.
DTSTART:20141120T063000Z
DTEND:20141120T080000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-687@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Tom Caradoc-Davies (Australian Synchrotron.)\, Rache
 l Williamson (Australian Synchrotron)\, Alan Riboldi-Tunnicliffe (Australi
 an Synchrotron)\, Jason Price (Australian Synchrotron)\, Santosh Panjikar 
 (Australian Synchrotron)\, Nathan Mudie (Australian Synchrotron)\, Daniel 
 Eriksson (Australian Synchrotron)\, Nathan Cowieson (Australian Synchrotro
 n)\, Mark Clift (Australian Synchrotron)\, David Aragao (Australian Synchr
 otron)\, Stephen Harrop (Australian Synchrotron)\n\nThe MX1 and MX2 beamli
 nes at the Australian Synchrotron are sophisticated machines for the colle
 ction of single crystal X-ray diffraction data. The two stations serve a d
 iverse community of researchers in the structural sciences\, from mineralo
 gy to virology.\nHere we look 'under the hood' at the technologies that bi
 nd the individual beamline components together into a highly automated dat
 a collection system.\nIn the last few years a full re-write of several key
  software components has delivered new code and capabilities for beam atte
 nuation\, data collection and energy change and also beamline setup\, diff
 raction rastering and autoprocessing resulting in a more reliable and easi
 er beamline to support.\nWe are now starting to work on the software that 
 runs our robots to apply a similar improvement. These upgrades together wi
 th the hardware changes will keep both beamlines useful for the most compl
 ex biological and chemical questions our researchers need to address\n\nht
 tps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/687/
LOCATION:NCSS Exhibition Area
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/687/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Materials Diffraction and Scattering with Industry
DTSTART:20141120T063000Z
DTEND:20141120T080000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-688@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Tamsyn Ross (Australian Synchrotron)\n\nAn increasin
 g number of industrial users are looking to the SAXS/WAXS and PD beamlines
  for their materials characterisation needs. In recent years commercially-
 relevant projects from a broad range of fields\, including primary industr
 y\, energy materials and mining\, have met with success due to staff exper
 tise and dedication and the high quality of the facilities.\n\nhttps://eve
 nts.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/688/
LOCATION:NCSS Exhibition Area
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/688/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Strain specificity in a fully conserved epitope of a malaria vacci
 ne candidate
DTSTART:20141120T063000Z
DTEND:20141120T080000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-690@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Raymond Norton (Monash University)\, Sheena McGowan 
 (Monash University)\, Daniel Christ (Garvan Institute)\, Robin Anders (La 
 Trobe University)\, Romain Rouet (Garvan Institute)\, Nyssa Drinkwater (Mo
 nash University)\, Krishna Bankala (Monash University)\, Christopher MacRa
 ild (Monash University)\, Rodrigo Morales (Monash University)\, Jeffrey Se
 ow (Monash University)\n\nMerozoite surface protein 2 (MSP2) is an unstruc
 tured protein of the Plasmodium falciparum merozoite. The two allelic form
 s of MSP2\, 3D7 and FC27\, differ in a central variable region which is fl
 anked by conserved N- and C-terminal regions. Vaccine trials using 3D7-MSP
 2 have shown evidence of strain specific protection despite the detectable
  presence of conserved region antibodies. This work focuses on an N-termin
 al epitope recognised by the mouse monoclonal antibody\, 6D8. Despite reco
 gnising a fully conserved epitope\, 6D8 shows strain specificity. Understa
 nding the determinants of 6D8 specificity will assist the designing of a b
 road-spectrum MSP2-based malaria vaccine. 6D8 was re-engineered into antib
 ody fragments (scFv and Fv) and validated by SPR and ITC. Additionally\, a
  series of N-terminal peptides were synthesised to locate the minimal bind
 ing region (NAYNMSIRR\, KD = 6 nM) and investigate the strain specificity 
 of 6D8. High-resolution (1.2 Å) crystal structures of four N-terminal pep
 tides bound to 6D8 Fv revealed identical binding mechanisms irrespective o
 f N- or C-terminal extensions from the minimal epitope. However\, binding 
 data indicates that the strain specificity of 6D8 to 3D7 and FC27-MSP2 req
 uires the first 5 C-terminal residues of the variable region\, and suggest
  that entropic effects of unbound variable residues determine the strain s
 pecificity of 6D8. This progress will underpin the design of effective str
 ain-transcending MSP2-based malaria vaccines and may have wider implicatio
 ns for our understanding of the immune response towards unstructured prote
 ins.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/690/
LOCATION:NCSS Exhibition Area
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/690/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Improved Dynamic Analysis Method for Quantitative High Definition 
 XFM Element Imaging using Maia
DTSTART:20141120T063000Z
DTEND:20141120T080000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-691@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Jamie Laird (CSIRO)\, Daryl Howard (Australian Synch
 rotron)\, David Paterson (Australian Synchrotron)\, Martin de Jonge (Austr
 alian Synchrotron)\, Angela Halfpenny (CSIRO)\, James Cleverley (CSIRO)\, 
 Robin Kirkham (CSIRO)\, Peter Siddons (Brookhaven National Laboratory)\, L
 ouise Fisher (CSIRO)\, Chris Ryan (CSIRO)\n\nProjection of quantitative el
 ement images from fluorescence data collected on the XFM beamline of the A
 ustralian Synchrotron equipped with a Maia detector and real-time processo
 r uses the Dynamic Analysis (DA) method in the GeoPIXE software. It uses m
 atrix transformations to achieve least-squares fitting of pixel spectra in
  X-ray fluorescence imaging and tomography at up to ~3 x 10^7 events per s
 econd in the FPGA processor for real-time imaging or ~2-8 x 10^6 on a desk
 top\, which typically corresponds to about 10^4-10^5 pixels per second. At
  least initially\, it assumes uniform sample composition\, background shap
 e and constant model X-ray relative intensities. Our present approach is t
 o then apply an iterative matrix (composition) correction. But this does n
 ot account for changing background shape and X-ray relative intensities ev
 olving spatially with significant changes in composition. \n\nA new method
 \, applied in a second pass\, uses an end-member phase decomposition obtai
 ned from the first pass\, and DA matrices determined for each end-member\,
  to re-process the event data with each pixel treated as an admixture of e
 nd-member terms. This approach better tracks spatially complex samples as 
 encountered in geological and environmental research while still benefitin
 g from the speed of DA. The decomposition and DA matrices can be applied t
 o a series of samples with similar content. This paper describes the metho
 d and illustrates how the enhanced accuracy of spectral deconvolution impr
 oves imaging of challenging materials.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.a
 u/event/3/contributions/691/
LOCATION:NCSS Exhibition Area
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/691/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Using Synchrotron Radiation Circular Dichroism (SRCD) to probe G-q
 uadruplex DNA-platinum(II) complex interactions
DTSTART:20141120T063000Z
DTEND:20141120T080000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-692@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Benjamin Pages (University of Western Sydney)\, Dale
  Ang (University of Western Sydney)\, Søren Hoffmann (Department of Physi
 cs and Astronomy - Institute for Storage Ring Facilities\, Aarhus Universi
 ty\, Denmark)\, Nykola Jones (Department of Physics and Astronomy - Instit
 ute for Storage Ring Facilities\, Aarhus University\, Denmark)\, Ramon Vil
 ar (Imperial College London\, United Kingdom)\, Benjamin Harper (Universit
 y of Western Sydney)\, Janice Aldrich-Wright (University of Western Sydney
 )\n\nPlatinum(II) anticancer drugs\, such as cisplatin and carboplatin\, b
 ind to DNA coordinately and have many limitations including poor effective
 ness against many cancer cell lines\, acquired resistance\, cross-resistan
 ce as well as unwanted side effects. To overcome these limitations we have
  recently synthesised dinuclear (2\,2':6'\,2''-terpyridine)-based complexe
 s that are connected by thiol chains of varying length (with IC50 in L1210
  cells). These compounds have demonstrated potent cytotoxicity in cancerou
 s cell lines and are thought to interact with DNA through π-stacking inte
 ractions involving their terpyridine moieties. Small molecules that select
 ively bind to G-quadruplex DNA (Q-DNA) have been shown to stabilise these 
 structures\, and so Q-DNA represents a potential biological target for the
  suppression of telomerase activity. Here we present SRCD-based melting st
 udies of the binding of our platinum(II) complexes to Q-DNA.\n\nhttps://ev
 ents.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/692/
LOCATION:NCSS Exhibition Area
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/692/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Service Crystallography through the Industry Group
DTSTART:20141120T063000Z
DTEND:20141120T080000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-693@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Alan Riboldi-Tunnicliffe (Australian Synchrotron)\n\
 nWe offer services from cloning your gene and small scale expression trial
 s\, protein purification and crystallisation trials\, through to full stru
 cture determination.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contribu
 tions/693/
LOCATION:NCSS Exhibition Area
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/693/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Infrared spectra of H2O aerosols diluted with D2O
DTSTART:20141120T063000Z
DTEND:20141120T080000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-694@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Sigurd Bauerecker (Technische Universitat Braunschwe
 ig)\, Don McNaughton (Monash University)\, Chris Thompson (Monash Universi
 ty)\, Dominique Appadoo (Australian Synchrotron)\, Andy Wong (Monash Unive
 rsity)\, Evan Robertson (La Trobe University)\n\nWater is both an importan
 t and interesting molecular system that needs to be well understood becaus
 e it exists in so many fields of research\, and more often than not its pr
 esence can be undesired. The ice particles in both our own atmosphere\, an
 d the ISM\, predominantly exist as either small ice particles or silicate 
 dust grains coated with ice which can act as a reaction medium for produci
 ng more complex molecules.\nWe explore how isotopic dilution\, using D2O\,
  affects the shape and frequency of the vibrations that are observed in th
 e mid infrared (MIR) spectrum[1]\, more specifically the OH- and OD- stret
 ching modes. In addition to changing the concentration of D2O used\, the p
 hysical aspects of the experiment itself also contribute to what is observ
 ed. Presented herein\, is the MIR data collected at the Australian Synchro
 tron\, using different H2O:D2O ratios\, and at temperatures ranging from 6
  K to 210 K.\n\n1Medcraft\, C\, McNaughton\, D\, Thompson\, CD\, Appadoo\,
  DRT\, Bauerecker\, S\, Robertson\, EG\, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2013\, 15
 \, 3630\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/694/
LOCATION:NCSS Exhibition Area
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/694/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Crystallography beamline update - what is going on at MX?
DTSTART:20141120T043000Z
DTEND:20141120T045000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-695@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: David Aragao (Australian Synchrotron)\, Tom Caradoc-
 Davies (Australian Synchrotron.)\, Rachel Williamson (MX Beamline)\, Alan 
 Riboldi-Tunnicliffe (Australian Synchrotron)\, Jason Price (Australian Syn
 chrotron)\, Santosh Panjikar (Australian Synchrotron)\, Stephen Harrop (Au
 stralian Synchrotron)\, Mark Clift (Australian Synchrotron)\, Daniel Eriks
 son (Australian Synchrotron)\n\nThe Macromolecular Crystallography (MX) be
 amlines serve the scientific community by enabling research that could not
  be done elsewhere in Australia. In order to achieve this\, we are in a st
 ate of continual improvement. Here we present an overview of recently comp
 leted\, currently being rolled-out\, and near future developments at MX1 a
 nd MX2. Projects that have been recently completed include a major upgrade
  of the sample mounting robots\; new filter wheels for fine control beam a
 ttenuation\; And roof-mounted HD gimbal cameras inside the experimental hu
 tches. Future plans include a more reliable and user-friendly interface fo
 r remote access\; and improvements to the area for incoming shipping dewar
 s. Looking forward\, a major upgrade to the MX2 optics is at hand during t
 he next shutdown\, involving a new channel-cut Si-crystal for improved bea
 m-stability and a piezo-collimator for producing micro-beams at higher flu
 x and with greater control than the current micro-collimator.\n\nhttps://e
 vents.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/695/
LOCATION:Oliphant Auditorium
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/695/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:A combined X-ray and neutron scattering study examining triglyceri
 de digestion
DTSTART:20141120T063000Z
DTEND:20141120T080000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-696@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Ben Boyd (Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Science
 s)\, Tamim Darwish (ANSTO)\, Elliot Gilbert (ANSTO)\, Stefan Salentinig (M
 onash University)\, Adrian Hawley (Australian Synchrotron)\n\nIn the body\
 , triglyceride oils are digested into amphiphilic fatty acid and monoglyce
 ride. These products subsequently self-assemble into a range of structures
 \, including liquid crystal phases.1\,2 It is hoped that understanding the
 ir digestion and self-assembly processes offers new opportunities for lipo
 philic drug delivery. Previous studies using small angle scattering and cr
 yo-TEM have identified some of the phases formed during triglyceride diges
 tion.3 Precise details of the digestion process remained an area of uncert
 ainty which the current work aimed to resolve.\nTriglyceride digestion has
  been examined using synchrotron small angle X-ray and neutron scattering 
 as well as chemical methods. Synchrotron SAXS was used for the time-resolv
 ed in-situ study of phase formation and phase transitions during digestion
 . Neutron scattering\, on the other hand\, allowed the use of contrast var
 iation to identify the specific digestion products involved in different a
 spects of the phase formation.\nDetails of the digestion process and the l
 ocation of the different digestion products within the self-assembled stru
 ctures will be presented. These results improve our understanding of lipid
  digestion and provide an excellent case study in the complimentary use of
  X-ray and neutron methods in the analysis of a single\, complex system.\n
 \n1. Salentinig S.\, Sagalowicz L.\, Leser M.E.\, Tedeschi C.\, Glatter O.
  Soft Matter\, 2011\, 7\, 650-661. \n2. Salentinig S.\, Sagalowicz L.\, Gl
 atter O. Langmuir\, 2010\, 26\, 11670–11679\n3. Salentinig S.\, Phan S.\
 , Khan J.\, Hawley A.\, Boyd B. ACS Nano\, 2013\, 23\, 10904-10911.\n\nhtt
 ps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/696/
LOCATION:NCSS Exhibition Area
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/696/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:In situ high-energy x-ray diffraction study on bulk bismuth ferrit
 e ceramic
DTSTART:20141120T063000Z
DTEND:20141120T080000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-697@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: John Daniels (UNSW)\, Justin Kimpton (Australian Syn
 chrotron)\, Neamul Khansur (UNSW)\n\nBismuth ferrite\, BiFeO3  (BF) is a m
 ultiferroic ceramic familiar for the existence of both strong ferroelectri
 c and magnetic ordering at room temperature. In addition to the multiferro
 icity\, the remarkably high Curie temperature (Tc ) and spontaneous polari
 zation (Ps ) of BF has made it an attractive candidate to replace lead-bas
 ed Pb(Zr\,Ti)O3  for industrial applications. However\, the high coercive 
 field (> 10 kV.mm-1 ) and related poling inefficiency is the major issue f
 or the application of BF as a piezoelectric material. To tailor the actuat
 or property of bulk BF ceramic\, it is essential to understand the structu
 re-property relationship in the ceramic at field-on condition. In situ hig
 h-energy x-ray diffraction measurements with a large area detector in tran
 smission geometry can be utilized to quantify the structural variation wit
 h field in these materials. Here\, we used the high-energy x-ray diffracti
 on beamline I12-JEEP of the Diamond Light Source\, UK. Qualitative and qua
 ntitative analysis of diffraction patterns reveal that ferroelastic domain
  switching is the primary mechanism for the strain response. Interestingly
 \, a strain magnitude similar to thin film BF was observed\; however\, the
  origin of strain response is different.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org
 .au/event/3/contributions/697/
LOCATION:NCSS Exhibition Area
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/697/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Structural Insights into Bak Activation and Oligomerisation
DTSTART:20141120T003000Z
DTEND:20141120T005000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-698@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Adeline Robin (WEHI)\, Peter Czabotar (Walter and El
 iza Hall Institute)\, Peter Colman (Walter and Eliza Hall Institute)\, Jas
 on Brouwer (Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research)\n\nApopto
 tic stimuli activate and oligomerise the pro-apoptotic proteins Bak and Ba
 x resulting in mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilisation and subsequen
 t cell death. Crystal structures by Czabotar et al. (2013) provided novel 
 insights into BH3-only induced Bax activation and oligomerisation\, namely
  the separation of the core and latch domains\, followed by core domain di
 merisation. Here we provide complementary studies on the related protein B
 ak. We present the crystal structures of Bak core-latch domain swapped dim
 ers and demonstrate their dissociation upon Bak activation. A second cryst
 al structure of the Bak core domain provides the first high-resolution det
 ails for this key dimerisation unit upon which the larger Bak oligomer bui
 lds. Cellular assays\, guided by the presented crystal structures\, confir
 m the physiological relevance of these key events in the intrinsic apoptot
 ic pathway (Brouwer et al. 2014). These studies confirmed an analogous mec
 hanism for activation and dimerization of Bak and Bax in response to BH3-o
 nly peptides. More recently we have performed structural studies on the di
 rect interaction of BH3-only peptides with Bak. We have gained insight int
 o the differences between interactions of BH3 only proteins with Bak compa
 red to the pro-survival proteins\; this may inform the design of novel the
 rapeutics to manipulate cell death.\n\nReferences\n\nBrouwer et al. (2014)
 \, Mol Cell\, published online 28th August\, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.m
 olcel.2014.07.016\n\nCzabotar et al. (2013)\, Cell 152(3): 519-531.\n\nhtt
 ps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/698/
LOCATION:Oliphant Auditorium
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/698/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Ion irradiation induced porosity in Germanium
DTSTART:20141120T063000Z
DTEND:20141120T080000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-699@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Mark Ridgway (ANU)\, patrick kluth (anu)\, Felipe Kr
 emer (ANU)\, Huda Alkhaldi (ANU)\n\nIon irradiation of crystalline germani
 um (c-Ge) results in the formation of a porous surface\, and sometimes bur
 ied porous layer. The controlled fabrication of such porous structures has
  potential applications in lighting\, gas detection and catalytic applicat
 ions. In the present work\, we employ a combination of complimentary chara
 cterisation techniques to better understand the crystalline-to-porous tran
 sformation in Ge as a function of implantation conditions (fluence and tem
 perature). The project is also being extended to include the Si1-x Gex all
 oy.\nPost-implantation optical profiling indicated that significant swelli
 ng of the irradiated layer occurs (up to 400 nm)\, consistent with the for
 mation of a porous surface layer. The optical result also showed evidence 
 of a four stage swelling process with ion fluence for pure Ge\, whereas th
 e alloys with different fraction of Ge (90\, 80\, and 77%) show two differ
 ent stages of swelling (up to 100 nm). It has been observed by utilizing R
 aman spectroscopy that the structural properties of the porous layers were
  also dependent on the ion fluence and temperature as evidenced by changes
  in the position and width of the characteristic phonon bands. Scanning el
 ectron microscopy is also applied to study the morphology as a function of
  ion fluence and temperature for different concentration of Ge. The pore s
 hape and depth damage distribution has been investigated by using Transiti
 on electron microscopy. Small angle x-ray scattering measurements provided
  further evidence of an implant temperature-dependent.\n\nhttps://events.s
 ynchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/699/
LOCATION:NCSS Exhibition Area
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/699/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Using synchrotron radiation to determine the X-ray structure and c
 t-DNA binding affinity of platinum(II) anticancer complexes
DTSTART:20141120T063000Z
DTEND:20141120T080000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-718@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Janice Aldrich-Wright (University of Western Sydney)
 \, Feng Li (University of Western Sydney)\, Yingjie Zhang Zhang (ANSTO)\, 
 Nykola Jones (Department of Physics and Astronomy - Institute for Storage 
 Ring Facilities\, Aarhus University\, Denmark)\, Benjamin Pages (Universit
 y of Western Sydney)\n\nPlatinum(II) anticancer complexes incorporating 2\
 ,2'-bipyridine (bpy)\, 4\,4'-dimethyl-2\,2'-bipyridine (44Me2bpy) and 2-(2
 '-pyridyl)quinoxaline (2pq) as polyaromatic ligands and cyclic diamines as
  ancillary ligands have been synthesised and were characterised via severa
 l methods including synchrotron radiation X-ray crystallography. The cryst
 al structure of [Pt(44Me2bpy)(1S\,2S-diaminocyclohexane)]2+ (44MEBSS) reve
 aled a square planar coordination geometry similar to other complexes of t
 his type  whereas the complex [Pt(2pq)(1S\,2S-diaminocyclohexane)]2+ (2PQS
 S) was distorted square planar.. The binding of 2PQSS and 44MEBSS to calf-
 thymus DNA (ct-DNA) was analysed using synchrotron radiation circular dich
 roism (SRCD) melting experiments and compared to similar complexes that in
 corporate 1\,10-phenanthroline and dipyrido[3\,2-f:2'\,3'-h]quinoxaline. T
 he results revealed unexpected trends in DNA affinity relative to polyarom
 atic ligand size.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributio
 ns/718/
LOCATION:NCSS Exhibition Area
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/718/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Structural properties of Indium and Indium + Carbon implanted Germ
 anium
DTSTART:20141120T063000Z
DTEND:20141120T080000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-700@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Mark Ridgway (Australian National University)\, Salv
 y Russo (RMIT)\, Chris Glover (Australian Synchrotron)\, Sahar Mirzaei (Au
 stralian National University)\, David Sprouster (Australian National Unive
 rsity)\, Stefen Decoster (KU Leuven)\, Felipe Kremer (Australian National 
 University)\, Ruixing Feng (Australian National University)\n\nGe has been
  considered as a potential alternative material for silicon in fabricating
  future advanced CMOS devices due to its high hole mobility and low dopant
  activation temperature. Here we study the effect of In concentration on t
 he structural and electrical properties of Ge with or without C co-implant
 ation. By using extended x-ray absorption fine structure and x-ray absorpt
 ion near-edge spectroscopy\, we found that in the case of In implanted Ge\
 , In atoms occupy a substitutional site in the Ge lattice with In concentr
 ation ≤ 0.3 at. %\, yet when In concentration is ≥ 1 at. %\, In precip
 itates to from metallic particles as confirmed by transmission electron mi
 croscopy\, evidence of an In – Vacancy complex is also apparent with EXA
 FS. With C co-implantation\, x-ray absorption spectra show that In precipi
 tation was suppressed when the In and C concentration are ≥ 1 at. % (als
 o supported by transmission electron microscopy)\, and evidence of In – 
 C pairing formation was found in EXAFS. Hall Effect measurement also showe
 d that the carrier density significantly increased and In atom activation 
 was improved with C co-implantation. Density Functional Theory was applied
  to calculate the binding energies of In – In\, In – Vacancy and In 
 – C clusters\, and it was found that In atoms should prefer to pair with
  vacancies and C in Ge. Density Functional Theory was also used to simulat
 e the lattice structure of the samples to compare and support the simulate
 d structure from x-ray absorption spectra.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.o
 rg.au/event/3/contributions/700/
LOCATION:NCSS Exhibition Area
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/700/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Air-Stable Electron Depletion of Bi2Se3 Using Molybdenum Trioxide 
 into the Topological Regime
DTSTART:20141120T063000Z
DTEND:20141120T080000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-701@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Michael Fuhrer (Monash University)\, Johnpierre Pagl
 ione (University of Maryland)\, Paul Syers (University of Maryland)\, Nich
 olas Butch (National Institute of Standards and Technology)\, Jacob Tosado
  (Monash University)\, Kane O'Donnell (Curtin University)\, Alex Schenk (L
 a Trobe University)\, Anton Tadich (Australian Synchrotron)\, Jack Hellers
 tedt (Monash University)\, Mark Edmonds (Monash University)\n\nTopological
  insulators\, such as Bi2Se3\, are a new class of material that possess to
 pologically protected Dirac surface states that hold great promise for nex
 t generation nano-electronic devices [1]. However\, major challenges exist
  in realizing Bi2Se3 devices that operate in the topological regime in air
 . The first is that as-prepared Bi2Se3 is invariably n-type doped due to s
 elenium vacancies [1]\, where the Fermi level resides in the bulk conducti
 on band\, not within the Dirac surface states necessary to realize these e
 lectronic devices. The second is that Bi2Se3 when exposed to atmosphere be
 comes further n-type doped and degrades over time [2].\n\nUtilizing high-r
 esolution photoelectron spectroscopy on in-situ cleaved Bi2Se3 single crys
 tals we demonstrate that the strong electron acceptor molybdenum trioxide 
 (MoO3) is capable of depleting ~1013 cm-2 electrons from Bi2Se3 to place t
 he Fermi level well within the topological regime. We implement a doping m
 odel based on Fermi-Dirac statistics to accurately describe the doping beh
 aviour as a function of MoO3 coverage. Furthermore\, in-situ transport mea
 surements on MBE grown Bi2Se3 films are used to demonstrate that a 100 nm 
 film of MoO3 is also capable of protecting Bi2Se3 from degradation upon ex
 posure to atmosphere and further n-type doping [3].\n\n\n\nReferences:\n[1
 ] Y. Xia\, et al.\, Nature Physics 5\, 398 (2009)\n[2] D. Kong\, et al.\, 
 ACS Nano 5\, 4698 (2011).\n[3] M. T. Edmonds\, et al.\, ACS Nano 8\, 6400 
 (2014).\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/701/
LOCATION:NCSS Exhibition Area
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/701/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:In meso crystallization: Compatibility of Different Lipid Bicontin
 uous Cubic Mesophases with the Cubic Crystallization Screen in Aqueous Sol
 ution.
DTSTART:20141120T221000Z
DTEND:20141120T222000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-702@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Calum J. Drummond (RMIT)\, Charlotte Conn (RMIT)\, S
 tephen Mudie (Australian Synchrotron)\, Tu C. Le (CSIRO)\, Leonie van 't H
 ag (University of Melbourne / CSIRO)\n\nA novel in meso crystallization me
 thod has facilitated the structural determination of several biologically 
 relevant integral membrane proteins (IMPs). However\, the method remains p
 oorly understood as IMPs are difficult to express and handle. Analogous to
  solution based crystallization\, in meso crystallization requires extensi
 ve screening of precipitant conditions. Bicontinuous cubic phases are the 
 most commonly used lipid phases for in meso crystallization. The compatibi
 lity of the crystallization screen used with the cubic phase is important\
 ; if the underlying 3-D cubic nanostructure is destroyed\, the screen or p
 rotein and lipid combination may not be suitable for in meso crystallizati
 on experiments.\n\nWe looked at the impact of a screen specifically market
 ed as compatible with the cubic mesophase\, the Cubic crystallization scre
 en (Emerald Biosystems)\, on the cubic mesophases formed by three differen
 t lipids: monoolein\, monopalmitolein and phytantriol. The Cubic screen wa
 s found to be compatible with cubic mesophase retention under most crystal
 lization conditions studied. The effect of the individual components compr
 ising the multicomponent screen was deconvoluted in two ways. Initially\, 
 the effect of specific poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and salt components on 
 the cubic mesophase was determined using high-throughput synchrotron Small
 -Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS). The effect of high-molecular-weight PEG wa
 s shown to dominate the phase behavior within the screen. Finally\, a rece
 ntly developed multiple linear regression modeling method was shown to dec
 onvolute the effect of individual components within the screen effectively
 .[1]\n\n[1] van ’t Hag\, L. et al.\, Crystal Growth & Design\, 2014\, 14
 \, 1771-1781.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/7
 02/
LOCATION:Oliphant Auditorium
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/702/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:From Clouds to CFCs: IR spectroscopy of atmospheric and interstell
 ar molecules.
DTSTART:20141121T035500Z
DTEND:20141121T041500Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-703@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Chris Medcraft (Monash University)\, Andrew Wong (Mo
 nash University)\, Dominque Appadoo (Australian Synchrotron)\, Mahmut Ruzi
  (La Trobe University)\, Courtney Ennis (Australian Synchrotron and La Tro
 be University)\, Don McNaughton (Monash University)\, Evan Robertson (La T
 robe University)\n\nThe IR spectral region is crucial to our understanding
  of atmospheric chemistry and physics. Firstly\, radiative processes assoc
 iated with emission and extinction are fundamental to energy transfer and 
 the IR region in particular is central for materials at the moderate tempe
 ratures found in non-stellar environments such as this planet’s atmosphe
 re. Secondly\, infrared spectroscopy is uniquely suited to remotely probin
 g the properties of atmospheric molecules and aerosols. \n\nWe have employ
 ed the various facilities on the far IR beamline to advance understanding 
 of atmospheric molecules such as HFCs and CFCs\, and also aerosols such as
  water ice nanoparticles found in high altitude clouds.  Our studies of cr
 ystalline water ice particles have recently been extended to both amorphou
 s ice and to deuterium enriched crystalline ice\, providing insights into 
 fundamental questions about the water vibrations in these phases. An overv
 iew will be presented.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contri
 butions/703/
LOCATION:NCSS Seminar Room
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/703/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:LCP crystallisation and its challenge with the D2L receptor
DTSTART:20141120T063000Z
DTEND:20141120T080000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-704@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Charlotte Conn (RMIT)\, Calum Drummond (RMIT)\, Laur
 a Castelli (CSIRO)\, Connie Darmanin (La Trobe)\n\nSelf-assembly lipids ha
 ve been used to solve a number of G-protein coupled receptor structures to
  date and the mechanism behind it still remains a mystery. Here we report 
 on two factors\; lipid incubation time and protein concentration and inves
 tigate three different lipid systems\; monoolein (MO)\, phytantriol (PT) a
 nd phytanoyl ethanomide (PE)\, which influenced the uptake of the Dopamine
  2 long (D2L) receptor into the lipid structure. We show reasons why the D
 2L receptor has proven to be difficult to crystallize in the commercial cu
 bic phase lipid\, MO\, and show why we need to develop novel crystallizati
 on media.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/704/
LOCATION:NCSS Exhibition Area
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/704/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Structural insights into the organization of the cavin membrane co
 at
DTSTART:20141121T001500Z
DTEND:20141121T004500Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-705@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Parton Robert (The University of Queensland\, Instit
 ute for Molecular Bioscience)\, Vikas Tillu (The University of Queensland\
 , Institute for Molecular Bioscience)\, Oleksiy Kovtun (The University of 
 Queensland\, Institute for Molecular Bioscience)\, Brett Collins (The Univ
 ersity of Queensland\, Institute for Molecular Bioscience)\n\nCaveola memb
 rane invaginations are a striking feature of many vertebrate cell types\, 
 and are critical for cell signaling\, endocytosis and mechanotransduction.
  Their formation depends on the caveolins and the cavin peripheral membran
 e proteins (cavin1\, cavin2\, cavin3 and cavin4)\, although there is curre
 ntly no atomic level information addressing the mechanisms that underpin c
 aveola assembly. Here we show that a minimal N-terminal domain of the cavi
 n proteins (the HR1 fragment) is required and sufficient for their homo an
 d hetero-oligomerisation. The crystal structures of mouse cavin1 and zebra
 fish cavin4 HR1 domains reveal highly conserved trimeric coiled-coil archi
 tectures\, with unique intra-subunit interactions that determine the speci
 ficity of coiled-coil formation. A conspicuous feature of the HR1 domain i
 s a basic surface patch\, conserved among all cavins and across all specie
 s\, which we show can mediate interaction with negatively-charged membrane
  lipids including phosphoinositides. Mutations in this domain prevent memb
 rane association and perturb caveolae formation in vivo. Interestingly the
  cavin proteins possess intrinsic membrane remodeling properties in vitro\
 , that we propose is important for the formation of caveolae. Finally\, we
  show that full-length cavin proteins possess characteristic rod-shape str
 uctures that reflect the coiled-coil architecture of the HR1 assembly doma
 in and have dimensions corresponding closely to the striations observed on
  the surface of caveolae in vivo. We therefore propose the striations form
 ing the common coat of caveola are composed of polymerised cavin trimers.\
 n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/705/
LOCATION:Oliphant Auditorium
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/705/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:High-throughput synchrotron SAXS studies on lipidic mesophases
DTSTART:20141120T030000Z
DTEND:20141120T032000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-706@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Calum Drummond (RMIT University)\, Adrian Hawley (Au
 stralian Synchrotron)\, Stephen Mudie (Australian Synchrotron)\, Nigel Kir
 by (Australian Synchrotron)\, Xavier Mulet (CSIRO)\, Tu Le (CSIRO)\, Leoni
 e van 't Hag (University of Melbourne / CSIRO)\, Connie Darmanin (La Trobe
 )\, Charlotte Conn (RMIT)\n\nSelf-assembled lipidic cubic phases are attra
 cting increasing interest as biocompatible carriers of large biomolecules 
 including proteins\, peptides\, DNA and drugs [1]. A suite of new high-thr
 oughput techniques\, to formulate libraries of lipidic mesophases\, and st
 ructurally characterize them using the SAXS/WAXS beamline at the Australia
 n Synchrotron\, are described.  Samples are contained within any standard 
 96-well plate and mounted directly in the beamline. The technique is appli
 cable to any combination of lipids\, additives and solvents and sample mas
 ses down to 100 µg may be analysed.  Up to 8000 samples may be produced r
 obotically and screened in a 24 hr period.  The technique is exemplified u
 sing the application of membrane protein crystallization [2].  We demonstr
 ate how this high-throughput method allows screening of the extremely larg
 e variable physiochemical space for crystallization\, which would be unrea
 sonable to explore using traditional experimental methods.  In addition th
 e application of this technique to a wide variety of applications for lipi
 dic mesophases will be described\, including pharmaceutical (drug discover
 y\, drug delivery\, gene therapy and medical imaging)\, materials science 
 (biosensors\, detergent industries)\, biology (long-term storage of fragil
 e proteins\, crystallization) and chemistry/physics (fundamental surfactan
 t and lipid phase behaviour studies)\, which are currently restricted by d
 ifficulties in handling and characterizing this highly viscous material.  
 \n\n1.    Conn\, C. E.\; Drummond\, C. J.\,  Soft Matter 2013\, 9 (13)\, 3
 449-3464.\n2.    Conn\, C. E.\; Darmanin\, C.\; Mulet\, X.\; Le Cann\, S.\
 ; Kirby\, N.\; Drummond\, C. J.\, Soft Matter 2012\, 8  (7)\, 2310 – 232
 1.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/706/
LOCATION:Conference Room AS
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/706/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Developing Bragg Coherent Diffractive Imaging for Biological cryst
 als at the Advanced Photon Source
DTSTART:20141120T063000Z
DTEND:20141120T080000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-707@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Connie Darmanin (La Trobe)\, Brian Abbey (ARC COE Ad
 vanced Molecular Imaging)\, Keith Nugent (ARC COE Advanced Molecular Imagi
 ng)\, Ross Harder (Advanced Photon Source)\, Victor Streltsov (CSIRO)\, He
 nry Kirkwood (La Trobe University)\, Nicholas Phillips (LTU/CXS)\, Hannah 
 Coughlan (La Trobe University)\n\nBragg Coherent Diffractive Imaging (BCDI
 ) of radiation hard crystals (e.g. lead\, gold) is now a relatively mature
  technique for characterising elastic strain fields at the nanoscale.  The
  technique relies upon the fact that coherent diffraction from a crystal p
 roduces a continuous intensity distribution around every Bragg peak\; if s
 ampled correctly\, this information can be used to reconstruct the crystal
 s three-dimensional complex density. The corresponding phase of the densit
 y is related to the elastic strain which provides information on the atomi
 c displacements within the crystal lattice (Pfeifer et al\, 2006).\nFor pr
 otein crystals the presence of strain and disorder within the crystal can 
 have a critical influence on the size of crystal that can be grown and the
  quality of diffraction data that can be collected. Hence\, our group has 
 recently been applying BCDI to the high-resolution characterisation of ela
 stic strains in micron-sized protein crystals. One of the major experiment
 al challenges with such samples is that they are highly radiation sensitiv
 e\; however the combination of cryogenic temperatures and photon counting 
 detectors offers a possible solution.\nHere we present the first BCDI resu
 lts collected from protein crystals of Lysozyme measuring ~3.5 microns in 
 diameter using the newly developed cryo-BCDI setup at beamline 34-ID-C at 
 the Advanced Photon Source. Our preliminary reconstructions from the BCDI 
 data are promising\, and pave the way for strain analysis of crystals comp
 osed of more complex proteins in future experiments.  \nPfeifer\, M. et al
 (2006).Nature\,442(7098)\,63–6.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/eve
 nt/3/contributions/707/
LOCATION:NCSS Exhibition Area
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/707/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:High Resolution Imaging and Strain Characterisation at Pulsed Neut
 ron Sources with a Microchannel plate detector
DTSTART:20141121T012500Z
DTEND:20141121T014500Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-708@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Brian Abbey (ARC COE Advanced Molecular Imaging)\, A
 lexander Korsunsky (Oxford University\, Oxford\, UK)\, Anton Tremsin (Spac
 e Sciences Laboratory\, University of California\, Berkely\, USA)\, Shu Ya
 n Zhang (Science & Technology Facilities Council\, Rutherford Appleton Lab
 oratory\, Harwell\, Oxfordshire\, UK)\, Henry Kirkwood (ARC COE Advanced M
 olecular Imaging - La Trobe University)\n\nRecent advances in neutron dete
 ction technology are enabling collection of neutron transmission data with
  unprecedented spatial and time resolution [1\,2]. Microchannel plates cou
 pled with TimePix area detectors are now being used to perform time-of-fli
 ght neutron radiography experiments at 55 micron2 spatial resolution and 1
  &mus temporal resolution. These sensors are suited to a diverse range of 
 neutron studies such as microtomography of material composition or phase a
 nd strain tomography [2\,3\,4].\nIn neutron time-of-flight transmission ex
 periments each neutron arriving at the detector is tagged with its arrival
  time\, this allows the determination of the energy-resolved transmission 
 spectrum from the known time structure of the incident pulse. Variation of
  these transmission spectra can be used to obtain spatially-resolved maps 
 of projected crystallographic properties within polycrystalline materials\
 ; such as average elastic strain\, plastic strain\, texture and grain size
  distributions. \nHere\, we present results from a recent experiment at th
 e Engin-X beamline\, ISIS\, UK. The transmission spectrum of an additively
  manufactured jet engine turbine blade was measured and used to determine 
 spatially-resolved maps of the average elastic strain in the transmission 
 direction. This is a sample of intrinsic scientific interest due to questi
 ons that remain about the residual strains imparted during fabrication com
 pared to those manufactured conventionally.\n \n[1] Tremsin et al. Nuc. In
 str. Meth. Phys. A 2012\n[2] Zhang et al. Mat. Today 2009\n[3] Abbey et al
 . Procedia Engineering 2009 \n[4] Kirkwood et al. Trans. American Crystall
 ographic Association 2013\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/con
 tributions/708/
LOCATION:Conference Room AS
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/708/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Wrestling with Big Data at IMBL
DTSTART:20141120T063000Z
DTEND:20141120T080000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-709@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Helen Tuhumury (CSIRO)\, Li Day (CSIRO)\, Jenny Fava
 ro (CSIRO)\, Thu McCann (CSIRO)\, Sherry Mayo (CSIRO)\n\nIt is now possibl
 e to collect very rapid micro-CT scans at IMBL with data collection times 
 down to 16s or less per scan. This makes it possible to collect three-dime
 nsional data on physical systems that are changing over time.\n\nWhile thi
 s provides an exciting scientific opportunity it also comes with significa
 nt challenges in terms of data storage\, reconstruction and analysis. Deal
 ing effectively with such 'Big data' challenges is increasingly important 
 in order to ensure that we derive the most benefit from the opportunity th
 at rapid data collection offers.\n\nThe authors recently acquired a large 
 number of time-resolved datasets following the development of bread dough 
 during proving and baking. The aim of the experiment was to determine diff
 erences in the rheological and machanical properties of dough made using d
 ifferent flours and salt additives.\n\nThis experiment resulted in over 46
 0 datasets which required reconstruction and analysis and provided a good 
 test-case for addressing the big-data challenge. This challenge has been a
 ddressed using tools available (and new tools developed) on the MASSIVE su
 percomputer cluster.\n\nWe outline the challenges and how they were addres
 sed as well as providing some reflection on what might be needed in the fu
 ture to meet our growing data needs.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/
 event/3/contributions/709/
LOCATION:NCSS Exhibition Area
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/709/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Calorimetry for Synchrotron radiation
DTSTART:20141120T063000Z
DTEND:20141120T080000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-710@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Duncan Butler (ARPANSA)\, Jessica Lye (ARPANSA)\, Tr
 acy Wright (ARPANSA)\, Peter Harty (ARPANSA)\, Ganesan Ramanathan (ARPANSA
 )\n\nCalorimetry is the most accurate method of quantifying the x-ray flux
  and dose in the synchrotron beam lines for medical and research applicati
 ons.  In calorimetry\, the radiation dose absorbed results in raising the 
 temperature of the absorbing medium which is measured accurately. Several 
 absorbing media have been tried but graphite with relatively low specific 
 heat and zero heat defect has been the chosen medium for calorimetry.\nGra
 phite calorimeters are dose-rate independent and hence can be used over wi
 de dynamic range of intense synchrotron x-ray beams. They are energy-indep
 endent and hence are ideally suited to measure the total energy fluence ov
 er the entire low energy photon spectrum compared to  diodes\, films etc. 
  The temperature rise due to the absorbed dose is high (of the order of se
 veral milli-kelvins) resulting in  simple read-out instrumentation.\nThe d
 esign criteria of the ARPANSA graphite calorimeter which was successfully 
 used to measure the high dose-rates (~2500 Gy/sec) in Hutch1B and  (~50 Gy
 /sec) in Hutch 3B at the Australian Synchrotron is presented in this talk.
  The need for absorbed dose to water is realised through Monte Carlo calcu
 lations of the conversion factor from the graphite absorbed dose measured 
 by the calorimeter. The talk also includes the different calorimeters used
  earlier internationally for photon fluence measurements different from th
 e unique application of the ARPANSA calorimeter for the IMBL measurements.
 \n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/710/
LOCATION:NCSS Exhibition Area
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/710/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Morphological investigations of naphthalene diimide derivatives
DTSTART:20141120T030000Z
DTEND:20141120T032000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-711@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Eliot Gann (Australian Synchrotron)\, Chris McNeill 
 (Monash University)\, Adam Welford (Monash University)\n\nSolution-cast\, 
 organic field-effect transistors (OFET) have many advantages\, such as rap
 id\, large area fabrication\, low production cost and flexible substrates 
 making them ideal for specialized application such as flexible displays an
 d radio frequency identification.\nThe small molecule organic semiconducto
 r (OSC) naphthalene diimide (NDI) provides a versatile framework with whic
 h to build upon and explore the effects of chemical functionalisation. \nO
 ver the past year\, we have utilized two complimentary synchrotron based t
 echniques to examine the effect on structure and morphology as the basic N
 DI framework is functionalised. \nAt the soft x-ray beamline\, Near Edge X
 -ray Absorption Fine Structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy allowed us to explore
  the surface molecular orientation and electronic changes. Expansion of th
 e NDI core was found to give higher average tilt angles with core-expanded
  derivatives also maintaining their high average tilt angle when annealed.
  \nAt the SAXS/WAXS beamline these same materials were investigated using 
 Grazing Incidence Wide Angle X-ray Scattering (GIWAXS) to assess crystalli
 nity and molecular packing. The data confirms both the highly edge on pack
 ing behaviour of the core expanded set and the drastic change to the molec
 ular unit cell upon NDI core expansion.The π – π stacking distance of 
 the conjugated cores\, which is an important element of transistor design 
 to allow effective charge transfer\, is also measured for each of the mate
 rials. \nThis information will aid and inform the ongoing design of our ND
 I molecules as we progress towards a high mobility\, air stable OFET.\n\nh
 ttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/711/
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/711/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:In-situ examination of electrodeposited manganese dioxide electrod
 es for energy storage applications: a combined small angle x-ray scatterin
 g and powder diffraction study.
DTSTART:20141120T063000Z
DTEND:20141120T080000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-712@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Andrew Gibson (University of Newcastle)\, Wesley Dos
 e (University of Newcastle)\, Scott Donne (University of Newcastle)\, Made
 leine Dupont (University of Newcastle)\n\nManganese dioxide is used in man
 y electrochemical applications including catalysis\, batteries and electro
 chemical capacitors. Thin film manganese dioxide electrodes prepared by el
 ectrodeposition have been shown to have extremely high capacitive performa
 nce [1]. This is due to manganese dioxide thin films having low resistance
  and high surface area. However\, these properties diminish markedly as fi
 lm thickness increases. Hence\, understanding how the deposition mechanism
  causes this effect is vital for improving material performance.\nIn order
  to determine the relationship between deposition mechanism\, material pro
 perties and electrochemical performance\, thin film formation under differ
 ent deposition conditions must be examined. In this work\, the deposition 
 of manganese dioxide was examined in-situ using two different methods\; na
 mely small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and powder diffraction (PD). \nTh
 e morphology of manganese dioxide thin films is expected to affect their p
 erformance as it influences porosity and surface area. SAXS was used to ch
 aracterise the surface morphology of manganese dioxide\, specifically feat
 ures such as pore size and particle size in the \n\nhttps://events.synchro
 tron.org.au/event/3/contributions/712/
LOCATION:NCSS Exhibition Area
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/712/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Computing developments and tools supporting beamline science at th
 e Australian Synchrotron
DTSTART:20141120T063000Z
DTEND:20141120T080000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-737@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Uli Felzmann (Australian Synchrotron)\, Nathan Mudie
  (Australian Synchrotron)\, Andreas Moll (Australian Synchrotron)\, Lennek
 e Jong (Australian Synchrotron)\n\nThe Scientific Computing and IT group a
 t the Australian Synchrotron develops software tools to support beamline s
 cience\, maximise the user experience and accelerate the scientific outcom
 es of their beam time. Our suite of open source tools facilitate better an
 d more streamlined data collection integrated with automatic and real-time
  processing\, the results of which can inform decisions about further data
  collection during the user's beam time\, optimizing the data they can col
 lect at one visit. In addition\, we have developed stand-alone data analys
 is workflow tools designed for processing and analysis of data\, both at t
 he facility and post-experiment at the user's home institute.\n\nhttps://e
 vents.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/737/
LOCATION:NCSS Exhibition Area
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/737/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Near-edge X-ray absorption fine-structure spectroscopy of naphthal
 ene diimide-thiophene co-polymers
DTSTART:20141120T063000Z
DTEND:20141120T080000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-713@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Chris McNeill (Monash University)\, Eliot Gann (Aust
 ralian Synchrotron)\, Lars Thomsen (Australian Synchrotron)\n\nNear-edge X
 -ray absorption fine-structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy is an important tool 
 for probing the structure of conjugated polymer films used in organic elec
 tronic devices. High-performance conjugated polymers are often donor-accep
 tor co-polymers which feature a repeat unit with multiple functional group
 s. To facilitate better application of NEXAFS spectroscopy to the study of
  such materials\, improved understanding of the observed NEXAFS spectral f
 eatures is required. In order to examine how the NEXAFS spectrum of a dono
 r-acceptor co-polymer relates to the properties of the sub-units\, a serie
 s of naphthalene diimide-thiophene-based co-polymers have been studied whe
 re the nature and length of the donor co-monomer has been systematically v
 aried. The spectra of these materials are compared with that of a thiophen
 e homopolymer and naphthalene diimide monomer enabling peak assignment and
  the influence of inter-unit electronic coupling to be assessed. We find t
 hat while it is possible to attribute peaks within the pi* manifold as ari
 sing primarily due to the naphthalene diimide or thiophene sub-units\, ver
 y similar dichroism of these peaks is observed indicating that it may not 
 be possible to separately probe the molecular orientation of the separate 
 sub-units with carbon K-edge NEXAFS spectroscopy\n\nhttps://events.synchro
 tron.org.au/event/3/contributions/713/
LOCATION:NCSS Exhibition Area
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/713/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:3D Strain Characterisation in Nanodiamonds using Bragg Coherent Di
 ffractive Imaging (BCDI)
DTSTART:20141120T063000Z
DTEND:20141120T080000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-714@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Nicholas Phillips (LTU/CXS)\, Abbey Brian (La Trobe 
 University)\, David Hoxley (La Trobe University\, Melbourne)\, Ross Harder
  (Advanced Photon Source\, Argonne National Laboratory)\, Brett Johnson (U
 niversity of the Melbourne\, Melbourne)\, Connie Darmanin (La Trobe)\, Han
 nah Coughlan (La Trobe University)\, Muhammad Salman Maqbool (La Trobe Uni
 versity)\n\nNanodiamonds with nitrogen vacancy (N-V) centres have been sho
 wn to be useful for applications involving cellular tracking in vivo at th
 e molecular level[1]. The sustained fluorescence of these nanodiamonds is 
 related to their structure\, and is supposed to be influenced by the strai
 n distribution inside the crystals. In the present work\, Bragg coherent d
 iffractive imaging (BCDI) has been employed for three-dimensional (3D) str
 ain mapping of single-crystal synthetic nanodiamonds dispersed onto a sili
 con substrate. Defects were introduced in these isolated nanodiamonds by i
 mplanting with 2 MeV protons to a dose of of 1015 H+ ions.cm-2 using a pal
 letron accelerator1. The resulting strains were mapped using BCDI in order
  to characterise the 3D deformation field within the individual NDs.\n\n[1
 ] C.-C. Fu\, H.-Y.Lee\, K. Chen\, T.-S.Lim\, H.-Y.Wu\, P.-K.Lin\, P.-K.Wei
 \, P.-H.Tsao\, H.-C. Chang\, W. Fann\, Proceedings of the National Academy
  of Sciences\, 104(3)\, p. 727-732\, (2007)\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.
 org.au/event/3/contributions/714/
LOCATION:NCSS Exhibition Area
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/714/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Progress on the CT program at the Imaging and Medical beamline
DTSTART:20141121T004500Z
DTEND:20141121T010500Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-715@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Jayde Livingstone (Australian Synchrotron)\, Daniel 
 Hausermann (Australian Synchrotron)\, James Pearson (IMBL / Monash Univers
 ity)\, Andrew Stevenson (Australian Synchrotron/ CSIRO)\, Iwan Cornelius (
 Imaging and Medical Beamline\, Australian Synchrotron)\, Christopher Hall 
 (Australian Synchrotron)\, Anton Maksimenko (Australian Synchrotron)\n\nTh
 e Imaging and Medical Beamline (IMBL) of the Australian Synchrotron (AS) i
 s now becoming one of the most advanced instruments of this type in the wo
 rld. It is designed to provide a wide variety of imaging techniques. Three
  beamline’s enclosures at various distances provide the end user a good 
 choice of beam characteristics ranging from the hi-flux for lower resoluti
 on and size up to huge 48x5cm beam at 134m from the source with the allowe
 d energy range 17-120kEv. The wide range of the area detectors at the beam
 line allows the computed tomography (CT) to be combined with almost any kn
 own X-ray imaging modality. The beamline’s data acquisition system is di
 rectly linked to the high performance computing facility: MASSIVE tuned fo
 r the on-the-fly real-time reconstruction and 3D volume rendering. Advance
 d CT experiment control system with the unprecedented level of flexibility
  allows users to implement many of their ideas and construct an absolutely
  new experiment logic with minimal efforts and time. Deep integration of t
 he acquisition\, reconstruction and rendering facilities allows one to thi
 nk of the their combination as of a a single system with modular architect
 ure. This report summarizes implemented\, designed and planned features of
  the beamline as applied to the CT type of the experiment. Brief overview 
 of the CT experiments conducted in this year is given. Some latest outcome
 s of the CT system are presented with the samples coming of different fiel
 ds of science: biology\, geology\, paleontology\, material science and med
 icine.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/715/
LOCATION:Conference Room AS
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/715/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Using Flexible MOFs to Study Inorganic Reactivity
DTSTART:20141121T012500Z
DTEND:20141121T014500Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-716@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Chris Sumby (University of Adelaide)\n\nMetal-organi
 c frameworks (MOFs) are crystalline materials that can be synthesised from
  metal ions or metal-oxide clusters (nodes) and organic building blocks (l
 inks).[1]  Through careful consideration of the chemistry of the organic l
 inks the properties of these materials can be tailored for particular appl
 ications. For example\, a flexible framework capable of high yielding post
 -synthetic metallation[2] can be synthesised.[3]  Remarkably\, this materi
 al (MnMOF) is able to provide structural insight into inorganic reactivity
  through single crystal X-ray crystallography (SCXRD).[3]\n\nThis presenta
 tion will describe the structure of this new 3D MOF\, which possesses pore
  cavities that are lined with vacant di-pyrazole groups poised for post-sy
 nthetic metallation. As part of this I will illustrate the potential of th
 is platform MOF to provide fundamental insight into metal-catalysed reacti
 ons in porous solids. For example\, SCXRD studies undertaken partly at the
  Australian Synchrotron\, reveal the reaction products of consecutive oxid
 ative addition and methyl migration steps that occur within the pores of a
  Rh metallated example\, MnMOF-[Rh(CO)2][Rh(CO)2Cl2]. \n\n[1] H. Furukawa\
 , K.E. Cordova\, M. O'Keeffe and O.M. Yaghi\, Science\, 2013\, 341\, 974. 
 \n[2] J.D. Evans\, C.J. Sumby and C.J. Doonan\, Chem. Soc. Rev.\, 2014\, 4
 3\, 5933-5951.\n[3] W.M. Bloch\, A. Burgun\, C.J. Coghlan\, R. Lee\, M.L. 
 Coote\, C.J. Doonan\, and C.J. Sumby\, Nat. Chem.\, 2014\, doi:10.1038/nch
 em.2045.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/716/
LOCATION:NCSS Seminar Room
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/716/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:In-situ Small Angle X-ray Scattering Investigation of Formation of
  Meso-porous Silica Nanoparticles and Swelling-Shrinking Growth Mechanism
DTSTART:20141120T003000Z
DTEND:20141120T005000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-717@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Stephen Mudie (Australian Synchrotron)\, David M. Ca
 hill (Centre for Chemistry and Biotechnology\, School of Life and Environm
 ental Sciences)\, James E. Rookes (Centre for Chemistry and Biotechnology\
 , School of Life and Environmental Sciences)\, Mary She (Institute for Fro
 ntier Materials\, Deakin University)\, Chunfang Feng (Institute for Fronti
 er Materials\, Deakin University)\, Ludovic F. Dumée (Institute for Front
 ier Materials\, Deakin University)\, Lingxue Kong (Institute for Frontier 
 Materials\, Deakin University)\, Chris Garvey (ANSTO)\, Zhifeng Yi (Instit
 ute for Frontier Materials)\n\nThe general explanation of how MSNs grow is
  that the silica monomers hydrolysed from silica precursor adsorbed onto s
 urfactant micelles and condensed into silica to form particles. However\, 
 the detailed growth mechanism of MSNs still remains unknown especially for
  the MSNs with small particle size. Herein\, time-resolved SAXS with a syn
 chrotron source was employed to investigate the growth of MSNs under diffe
 rent experimental conditions. The fitting models were introduced into the 
 system to interpret the SAXS data. The results suggested that the added TE
 OS inserted into the hydrophobic core of CTAB micelles\, forming an emulsi
 on at the beginning of the growth. The silica monomers were hydrolysed fro
 m the inside of the micelles into the solvent. The CTAB micelles were actu
 ally swelled by the addition of TEOS and with the consumption of the TEOS 
 the pores formed by CTAB was shrunk to form the final meso-pores. To the b
 est of our knowledge\, this mechanism is found for the first time\, which 
 will highly contribute to the understanding of MSN growth mechanism.\n\nht
 tps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/717/
LOCATION:Conference Room AS
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/717/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Mechanistic Studies of Catalytically Relevant On-Metal N-Heterocyc
 lic Carbene Transformations
DTSTART:20141120T063000Z
DTEND:20141120T080000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-719@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Alireza Ariafard (University of Tasmania\, School of
  Physical Sciences - Chemistry)\, Curtis Ho (University of Tasmania\, Scho
 ol of Physical Sciences - Chemistry)\, Michael Gardiner (University of Tas
 mania\, School of Physical Sciences - Chemistry)\, Tanita Wierenga (Univer
 sity of Tasmania\, School of Physical Sciences - Chemistry)\n\nN-Heterocyc
 lic Carbenes (NHCs) have many advantages to their phosphine analogues and 
 have been used for a variety of catalytic applications. Bis-NHCs in partic
 ular have been used where bidentate phosphine complexes have previously be
 en used including polymerisation and cross coupling reactions. Our group h
 as been interested in palladium bis-NHCs with a wide variety of different 
 N-substituents and linker lengths for catalytic applications. \n\nWe recen
 tly discovered an unexpected ligand rearrangement for a bis-NHC palladium 
 complex when reacting the ethylene linked N-mesityl imidazolium salt with 
 Pd(OAc)2. Along with the expected chelate formation an unusual C-C couplin
 g product was also formed. DFT calculations indicate the formation is thro
 ugh the decomposition of a normal - abnormal intermediate via an on-metal 
 ligand rearrangement. Given the extensive usage of this ligand class in ca
 talysis and the decomposition route leading to this product it is importan
 t to understand and thus prevent its formation. \n\nDFT investigations est
 ablished will be presented as well as synthetic studies probing the mechan
 ism. Symmetrical analogues have been synthesised as well as unsymmetrical 
 analogues blocking the C2 position.\n\nAn alternative mechanism has also b
 een explored for the decomposition of the chelate product to the C-C coupl
 ed product via the formation of a 1:2 ligand: palladium species. The NHC b
 ridged dipalladium product has been isolated and structurally confirmed by
  X-ray crystallography and shown to offer high yielding access to C-C coup
 led decomposition products.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/c
 ontributions/719/
LOCATION:NCSS Exhibition Area
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/719/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Identification of Genes and Molecular Pathways Regulated by Synchr
 otron Microbeam Radiotherapy
DTSTART:20141121T035500Z
DTEND:20141121T041500Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-720@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Peter Rogers (Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology
 \, The University of Melbourne)\, Andrew Stevenson (Australian Synchrotron
 / CSIRO)\, Mohammad Ibahim (Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology\, The U
 niversity of Melbourne)\, Premila Paiva (Department of Obstetrics & Gynaec
 ology\, The University of Melbourne)\, Jeff Crosbie (University of Melbour
 ne)\, Yuqing Yang (University of Melbourne)\n\nSynchrotron-generated micro
 beams radiotherapy (MRT) is a novel preclinical radiotherapy\,in which syn
 chrotron-generated X-rays are segmented by a collimator\, producing intens
 e microbeams. MRT has been shown to be extremely well tolerated by normal 
 tissues including the central nervous system in animal models when compare
 d to conventional radiotherapy (CRT). The aim of this study was to identif
 y genes and molecular pathways differentially regulated by MRT versus CRT 
 in vitro using cultured EMT6.5 cells. We hypothesized that gene expression
  and molecular pathway changes after MRT are different from those seen aft
 er CRT. We found that at 24 hr post-irradiation\, MRT exerts a broader reg
 ulatory effect on multiple pathways than CRT. MRT regulated those pathways
  involved in gene transcription\, translation initiation\, macromolecule m
 etabolism\, oxidoreductase activity and signalling transduction in a diffe
 rent manner compared to CRT. We also found that MRT/CRT alone\, or when co
 mbined with IFN-γ or LPS\, up-regulated expression of Ccl2\, Ccl5 or Csf2
 \, which are involved in immune cell recruitment. Our findings demonstrate
 d differences in the molecular pathway for MRT versus CRT in the cultured 
 tumour cells. Our findings are consistent with the notion that radiation p
 lays a role in recruiting tumour-associated immune cells to the tumour. Ou
 r results also suggest that a combination of MRT/CRT with a treatment targ
 eting CCL2 or CSF2 could repress the tumour-associated immune cell recruit
 ment\, delay tumour growth and/or metastasis\, and yield better tumour con
 trol than radiation alone.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/co
 ntributions/720/
LOCATION:Conference Room AS
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/720/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Fast Fluorescence Tomography: Challenges and Opportunities
DTSTART:20141120T063000Z
DTEND:20141120T080000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-721@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Daryl Howard (Australian Synchrotron)\, Robin Kirkha
 m (CSIRO)\, Chris Ryan (CSIRO)\, Michael Jones (Australian Synchrotron)\, 
 Gary Ruben (CSIRO)\, Simon James (Australian Synchrotron)\, David Paterson
  (Australian Synchrotron)\, Martin de Jonge (Australian Synchrotron)\n\nTh
 e promise of non-destructive 3D elemental imaging using x-ray fluorescence
  tomography is alluring\, but the technique is not widely utilised due to 
 the extremely long scan times required for modest tasks.  Accordingly\, th
 e technique is often applied to imaging of small specimens at low definiti
 on.  Our first 3D demonstration on a 10-μm estuarine diatom\, Cyclotella 
 meneghiniana achieved a resolution of around 400 nm over 1003 voxels (1 Mv
 ox) with 24 projections.  More recent developments at the Australian Synch
 rotron have used a KB mirror pair and the Maia detector system to achieve 
 extremely high pixel rates.  In addition to its extremely high speed\, the
  Maia detector is very efficient\, employing a novel back-scatter geometry
  to achieve a very large 1.2-sr solid angle.  Using the Maia detector syst
 em\, measurements can properly sample the sinogram and have achieved 175 M
 vox with scan times of around 14 hours.\n\nDetailed tomographic measuremen
 ts of large (mm-scale) and whole organisms are now routine.  Reductions in
  measurement time and radiation exposure further enable imaging of a whole
  class of specimens that are susceptible to radiation damage and/or intole
 rant of measurement conditions.  We have recently demonstrated fast cryo t
 omography and XANES tomography on biological specimens\, with tantalising 
 results.  We present several applications and describe several challenges 
 that face this growing field.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3
 /contributions/721/
LOCATION:NCSS Exhibition Area
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/721/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Structure-based Development of Inhibitors of HCV NS5b
DTSTART:20141120T063000Z
DTEND:20141120T080000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-722@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: The Biota Research and Development Team (Biota Pharm
 aceuticals)\, Michael Parker (St. Vincent's Institute for Medical Research
 )\, Craig Morton (St Vincent's Institute for Medical Research)\n\nInfectio
 n by the Hepatitis C virus (HCV) affects in the order of 150 million peopl
 e world-wide with more than 300\,000 dying each year from HCV-induced live
 r disease. The RNA-dependent RNA-polymerase of HCV\, NS5b\, is widely acce
 pted as an ideal candidate for therapeutic development due to the lack of 
 an equivalent enzymatic activity in normal human cells and the absolute de
 pendence of viral replication on NS5b. Here we present the results of a fr
 agment-based discovery program carried out as part of our research into NS
 5b inhibitors. A number of fragments identified as NS5b ligands through ST
 D-NMR analysis\, as well as structural analogues of these fragments\, were
  soaked into crystals of HCV NS5b and the structures of the complexes dete
 rmined. On the basis of the proximity of one of these compounds to the pri
 mer grip site of the enzyme\, hybrid compounds linking the compound and a 
 known inhibitor were designed and synthesised. These hybrid compounds were
  found to be potent inhibitors of the HCV replicon and NS5b enzymatic assa
 y and were shown crystallographically to bind in the primer grip site in p
 recisely the orientation predicted from modelling.\n\nhttps://events.synch
 rotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/722/
LOCATION:NCSS Exhibition Area
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/722/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Synchrotron Powder Diffraction Study of Cement Pastes
DTSTART:20141121T033500Z
DTEND:20141121T035500Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-723@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Guilherme Baptista (Universidade Federal de Pelotas)
 \, Augusto Cezar Piva de Moraes (Universidade Federal de Pelotas\, Brasil)
 \, Fabiano Yokaichiya (Helmholtz-Zentrum-Berlin für Materialen und Energi
 e\, Department Quantum Phenomena in Novel Materials)\, Margareth Franco (I
 nstituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares- IPEN)\, Frank Collins (Mon
 ash University)\, Will P. Gates (Monash University)\, Mark Raven (CSIRO La
 nd and Water)\, Laurie Aldridge (ANSTO)\, Estela Garcez (Monash University
 )\n\nThe degree of hydration of cement pastes is critical for determining 
 properties such as the durability of concrete. As part of an integrated st
 udy on the prediction of chloride ingress in reinforced concrete\, synchro
 tron X-ray powder diffraction was used to estimate the degree of hydration
  of cement pastes. While for the past 20 years the composition of Portland
  cement has been determined by Rietveld analysis of X-ray diffraction\, ne
 vertheless there are a number of factors\, including the amorphous content
  of the cement and relative proportion of mineral polymorphs present in th
 e initial clinker\, whose impact on the analysis are still not completely 
 understood. X-ray powder diffraction beamlines from The Brazilian Synchrot
 ron Light Laboratory (LNLS) and The Australian Synchrotron were used to an
 alyze a suite of production cements from both countries. The results showe
 d significant differences in degree of hydration and composition in the tw
 o cements.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/723/
LOCATION:Oliphant Auditorium
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/723/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Chemical Speciation Imaging using Fast X-ray Fluorescence Microsco
 py: Update on capabilities and future directions
DTSTART:20141121T033500Z
DTEND:20141121T035500Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-724@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Erica Donner (University of South Australia)\, Enzo 
 Lombi (University of South Australia)\, Barbara Etschmann (Monash Universi
 ty)\, Robin Kirkham (CSIRO)\, Chris Ryan (CSIRO)\, Kathryn Spiers (Austral
 ian Synchrotron)\, Martin de Jonge (Australian Synchrotron)\, Daryl Howard
  (Australian Synchrotron)\, David Paterson (Australian Synchrotron)\n\nX-r
 ay fluorescence microscopy (XFM) can be used for elemental and chemical mi
 croanalysis across many length scales and is a powerful tool for quantitat
 ively mapping trace elements within whole biological specimens [1].  Advan
 ces in X-ray fluorescence detection schemes [2\, 3] now enable acquisition
  at mega-pixel per hour rates which in turn allows collection of 3D inform
 ation in realistic times.  Chemical speciation imaging (CSI) results in an
  image stack with the third dimension containing a XANES spectra in each p
 ixel [4].  Fitting of spectra with incident X‑ray beam energy tracking h
 as been developed in GeoPIXE software using the Dynamic Analysis method [5
 \, 6].  CSI has been demonstrated with moderate definition (10\,000s of pi
 xels/image) across a diverse range of applications [7\, 8].  Recent studie
 s have improved the efficiency and sensitivity of CSI to environmentally r
 elevant concentrations.  \n\n[1] D. Paterson et al.\, AIP Conference Proce
 edings 1365\, 219 (2011).\n[2] D. P. Siddons et al.\, AIP Conference Proce
 edings 705\, 953 (2004).\n[3] R. Kirkham et al.\, AIP Conference Proceedin
 gs 1234\, 240 (2010).\n[4] B. E. Etschmann et al.\, American Mineralogist 
 95\, 884 (2010).\n[5] C. G. Ryan\, Int. J. of Imaging Systems and Tech. 11
 \, 219 (2000).\n[6] C. G. Ryan et al.\, J. of Physics: Conf. Series 499\, 
 012002 (2014).\n[7] P. M. Kopittke\, et al.\, New Phytologist 201\, 1251 (
 2014).\n[8] B. E. Etschmann et al.\, Environmental Chemistry\, 11\, 341 (2
 014).\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/724/
LOCATION:NCSS Seminar Room
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/724/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Unraveling the morphology of a novel\, high-efficient polymer sola
 r cell using synchrotron-based techniques
DTSTART:20141120T063000Z
DTEND:20141120T080000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-725@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Chris McNeill (Monash University)\, Eliot Gann (Aust
 ralian Synchrotron)\, Wenchao Huang (Monash University)\n\nOrganic solar c
 ells are a next generation photovoltaic technology with the potential for 
 a low cost of manufacturing and printing on flexible substrates. The effic
 iency of organic solar cells has increased rapidly\, recently exceeding 9%
  efficiency. Understanding the morphology of the active layer of polymer b
 ased bulk heterojunction solar cells is necessary to further improve devic
 e performance. Here we comprehensively study the morphology of a novel ele
 ctron donor polymer PBDTTT-EFT with efficiency of over 9%. The orientation
  and microstructure of the neat polymer films and in blend films with PC71
 BM are examined by using a combination of surface-sensitive near edge X-ra
 y absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy from the soft X-ray beam
 line and bulk sensitive grazing incidence wide angle X-ray scattering (GIW
 AXS) collected at the SAXS/WAXS beamline. In the blend\, a “face-on” o
 rientation of PBDTTT-EFT is observed with π-π stacking normal to the sub
 strate in the bulk of thin film\, while a more “edge-on” orientation w
 ith side-chain-stacking normal to substrate is observed at the surface of 
 the film. In organic solar cells\, face-on structures enhance charge trans
 port in the critical vertical direction. An edge-on orientation of PBDTTT 
 at the hole extracting interface is not considered to be ideal for charge 
 collection\, but does not appear to adversely affect device performance. T
 he additive 1\,8-Diiodooctane is also used to improve the crystallization 
 of PBDTTT-EFT and to control the aggregation of PC71BM.\n\nhttps://events.
 synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/725/
LOCATION:NCSS Exhibition Area
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/725/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:DNA Binding Studies using Synchrotron Radiation Circular Dichroism
  (SRCD) data and Mathematica
DTSTART:20141120T063000Z
DTEND:20141120T080000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-726@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Bahman Ghadirian Ghadirian (University of Western Sy
 dney)\, Frank Stootman (University of Western Sydney)\, Dale Ang (Universi
 ty of Western Sydney)\, Nykola Jones (Department of Physics and Astronomy 
 - Institute for Storage Ring Facilities\, Aarhus University\, Denmark)\, J
 anice Aldrich-Wright (University of Western Sydney)\n\nThe binding affinit
 y of a series of square planar achiral platinum(II) compounds of the type 
 [Pt(AL)(IL)]2+\, where AL is 1\,2-diaminoethane and IL are 1\,10-phenanthr
 oline (phen)\, 4-methyl-1\,10-phenanthroline (4-Mephen)\, 5-methyl-1\,10-p
 henanthroline (5-Mephen)\, 4\,7-dimethyl-1\,10-phenanthroline (47-Me2phen)
 \, 5\,6-dimethyl-1\,10-phenanthroline (56-Me2phen) or 3\,4\,7\,8-tetrameth
 yl-1\,10-phenanthroline (3478-Me4phen) has been reinvestigated using Synch
 rotron Radiation Circular Dichroism (SRCD) spectroscopy. SRCD spectroscopy
  uses the intense light of a synchrotron beam to measure shorter wavelengt
 h data\, exposing CD bands not previously observed. The additional peaks w
 ere considerably more intense than those observed by conventional CD spect
 roscopy\, and could be used for binding affinity determinations. In additi
 on\, the authors have reviewed the various mathematical approaches used to
  estimate equilibrium binding constants and thereby demonstrate that their
  mathematical approach\, which has been implemented with Wolfram Mathemati
 ca\, has merit over other methods.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/ev
 ent/3/contributions/726/
LOCATION:NCSS Exhibition Area
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/726/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Large soft matter unit cell reconstructions from x-ray and neutron
  scattering data
DTSTART:20141120T023000Z
DTEND:20141120T030000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-727@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Chris Garvey (ANSTO)\n\nFourier methods may be used 
 to reconstruct the scattering length density profile of the unit cell from
  neutron and x-ray diffraction measurements thus yielding information abou
 t the distribution of chemical component. Deuteration of the sample compon
 ents can be used for phasing of the Fourier reconstruction or to provide c
 ontrast between components in bilayer stacks1.  We discuss the application
  of selective deuteration of various components of the lipid bilayer and t
 he application of such methods to systems of higher dimensionality such he
 xagonal and cubic phases and the use of anomalous (energy dependent) diffr
 action as a means of obtaining phase information.\n\n1.    Kent\, B.\; Hun
 t\, T.\; Darwish\, T. A.\; Hauß\, T.\; Garvey\, C. J.\; Bryant\, G.\, Loc
 alization of trehalose in partially hydrated DOPC bilayers: insights into 
 cryoprotective mechanisms. Journal of The Royal Society Interface 2014\, 1
 1 (95).\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/727/
LOCATION:Conference Room AS
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/727/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Welcome and Organisational Update
DTSTART:20141119T220000Z
DTEND:20141119T224500Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-728@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Michael James (Australian Synchrotron)\, Andrew Peel
 e\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/728/
LOCATION:Oliphant Auditorium
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/728/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Distribution of aluminium in plant roots: Understanding its toxici
 ty through correlative microscopy
DTSTART:20141121T024500Z
DTEND:20141121T031500Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-729@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Alessandra Gianoncelli (Synchrotron Radiation Facili
 ty\, Elettra Sincrotrone\, Trieste-Basovizza\, Italy)\, Neal Menzies (The 
 University of Queensland\, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences\, St. L
 ucia\, Queensland\, 4072\, Australia)\, Pax Blamey (The University of Quee
 nsland\, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences\, St. Lucia\, Queensland\
 , 4072\, Australia)\, Enzo Lombi (University of South Australia\, Centre f
 or Environmental Risk Assessment and Remediation\, Mawson Lakes\, South Au
 stralia\, 5095\, Australia)\, Katie Moore (University of Oxford\, Departme
 nt of Materials\, Oxford\, OX1 3PH\, United Kingdom)\, Peter Kopittke (The
  University of Queensland)\n\nAluminium (Al) is toxic to plant root growth
  in the acid soils comprising ca. 40-70% of the world’s arable land\, bu
 t the mechanisms whereby Al reduces growth remain unclear. Despite 30 µM 
 Al decreasing root growth within 30 min\, we are unaware of any study that
  has provided information on the distribution of Al in roots within this t
 imeframe. Using roots of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) exposed to 30 µ
 M Al\, we identified and separated individual mechanisms of toxicity throu
 gh the use of high resolution kinematic analyses together with the complem
 entary use of synchrotron-based low-energy X-ray fluorescence spectromicro
 scopy (LEXRFS) and nano secondary ion mass spectroscopy (nanoSIMS). The la
 tter techniques revealed the majority of Al to be located in the outer cel
 lular layers within 30 min of exposure\, decreasing markedly with increasi
 ng distance from the root surface. At the sub-cellular level\, the majorit
 y of the Al was found to accumulate in the cell wall. Of particular import
 ance\, Al was bound strongly by (i) pectin in the corner junctions between
  cells\, with this typically the location where Al first accumulated in th
 e inner tissues\, (ii) walls of the border cells  (c.f. the walls of the a
 djacent rhizodermal cells)\, and (iii) the mucigel on the root surface. Fo
 r the first time\, correlative microscopy (LEXAFS and nanoSIMS) and other 
 complementary techniques have provided important evidence as to where Al a
 ccumulates in the short term and how Al rapidly reduces the growth of plan
 t roots.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/729/
LOCATION:NCSS Seminar Room
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/729/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Determining Molecular Orientation\, Packing\, and Domain Purity in
  Organic Photovoltaic Devices with Synchrotron Radiation
DTSTART:20141120T230000Z
DTEND:20141120T234500Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-730@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Harald Ade (North Carolina State University)\n\nIn b
 ulk heterojunction (BHJ) organic photovoltaics (OPVs)\, electron donating 
 and electron accepting materials form a complex network of discrete and di
 stributed heterointerfaces and charge transport pathways in the photoactiv
 e layer where critical photo-physical processes occur. However\, little is
  known about the structural properties of these interfaces due to their 3-
 dimensional arrangement and the paucity of techniques to measure local ord
 er.  The presentation will review the use of synchrotron radiation based m
 ethods that can uniquely measure critical structural parameters. This incl
 udes molecular orientation relative to donor/acceptor heterojunctions [1].
  Using resonant soft X-ray scattering [2]\, the degree of molecular orient
 ation\, an order parameter that describes face-on (+1) or edge-on orientat
 ion (-1) relative to these heterointerfaces\, can be determined. By manipu
 lating the degree of molecular orientation through choice of molecular che
 mistry and processing solvent characteristics\, the importance of this str
 uctural parameter on the performance of BHJ OPV devices can be demonstrate
 d. We will furthermore show how compositional variations can be related to
  polymer crystal size [3] and how mobility and purity can relate to charge
  extraction and thus in turn to device performance [4\,5]. A complete desc
 ription of actual morphologies and theoretical modeling yet to be develope
 d for OPVs will have to take these factors into account.\n\n1. J. R. Tumbl
 eston et al.\, Nature Photonics 8\, 386 (2014).\n2. B. A. Collins et al.\,
  Nat. Mater. 11\, 536 (2012).\n3. W. Ma at al\, Advanced Materials\, 10.10
 02/adma.201400216 (2014)\n4. S. Albrecht et al. J. Physical Chemistry Lett
 ers 5\, 1131-1138 (2014).\n5. Collaboration with Wei You and Dieter Neher 
 groups\, submitted.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contribut
 ions/730/
LOCATION:Oliphant Auditorium
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/730/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:UAC Town Hall Meeting
DTSTART:20141121T054500Z
DTEND:20141121T061500Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-731@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/731/
LOCATION:Oliphant Auditorium
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/731/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy in an Age of Insertion Devices
DTSTART:20141121T044500Z
DTEND:20141121T053000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-732@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Bruce Ravel (NIST)\n\nThe first dedicated beamline f
 or X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (XAS) was built in 1974\, since then XAS 
 has become one of the core competencies of synchrotron radiation facilitie
 s and an essential tool for a broad range of scientific disciplines.  XAS 
 is a technique that remains closely associated with its roots in bend magn
 et sources and second generation facilities.  In recent years\, insertion 
 device beamlines\, often built on wiggler sources\, have offered significa
 nt new measurement capabilities which capitalize on the increased flux off
 ered by these insertion devices.  Some beamlines\, most notably ID26 at ES
 RF\, use the high flux of the insertion device to replace conventional int
 egrating or energy dispersive detectors with wavelength dispersive spectro
 meters.  These crystal spectrometry systems both enhance the XAS capabilit
 ies of the beamline and make available other inner shell spectroscopic tec
 hniques such as X-ray Emission Spectroscopy and X-ray Raman Spectroscopy.\
 n\nEven with such exciting developments in photon delivery and photon dete
 ction\, conventional XAS beamlines remain highly productive\, scientifical
 ly relevant\, and popular to the point of substantial over-subscription.  
 In this talk\, I will introduce these novel spectroscopic techniques and d
 iscuss how they can complement a conventional XAS research campaign\, in s
 ome cases providing specific details unavailable using conventional XAS or
  other measurement techniques.  Finally\, I will provide a brief introduct
 ion to the Inner Shell Spectroscopy beamline being built at the new comple
 ted National Synchrotron Light Source II.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.or
 g.au/event/3/contributions/732/
LOCATION:Oliphant Auditorium
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/732/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Thermal Expansion of Monoclinic Natrojarosite: A Combined Time-of-
 Flight Neutron and Synchrotron Powder Diffraction Study.
DTSTART:20141120T063000Z
DTEND:20141120T080000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-733@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Kevin S. Knight (ISIS neutron source)\, Ian E. Grey 
 (CSIRO Mineral Resources Flagship)\, Nicola V. Y. Scarlett (CSIRO Mineral 
 Resources Flagship)\, Helen Brand (Australian Synchrotron.)\n\nJarosites a
 nd related minerals are of great interest to a range of mineral processing
  and research applications. In some settings jarosite formation is encoura
 ged\, In other environments jarosite formation can hinder the desired reac
 tion. Jarosites are a major component of acidic soils and are present in s
 ignificant amounts in acid mine drainage environments. There has been a re
 cent resurgence in interest in jarosite minerals since their detection on 
 Mars. In this context\, the presence of jarosite has been recognised as a 
 likely indicator of the presence of water on Mars in the past.  It is hope
 d that study of their formation mechanisms\, stability and thermoelastic p
 roperties will provide insight into the environmental history of Mars as w
 ell as informing terrestrial industrial concerns. To this end we are engag
 ed in a program to study jarosites and their formation and stability behav
 iour over a range of conditions.\nThis contribution describes in situ powd
 er diffraction experiments to determine the thermal expansion of a deutera
 ted natrojarosite. Data were collected on the HRPD beamline at the ISIS sp
 allation source where the natrojarosite sample was heated from 10–700K\,
  and at the powder diffraction beamline at the Australian synchrotron wher
 e the sample was heated from 80-700K. \nThermal expansion coefficients hav
 e been fitted from 10-470K and show that there is most variation normal to
  the layers of sulphate tetrahedra and iron octahedra within the jarosite 
 structure and contains more flexible hydrogen bond linkages. Details of th
 e combined neutron-synchrotron data analysis approach will be discussed.\n
 \nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/733/
LOCATION:NCSS Exhibition Area
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/733/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Closing Remarks
DTSTART:20141121T061500Z
DTEND:20141121T063000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-734@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/734/
LOCATION:Oliphant Auditorium
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/734/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:The Reference Foil Calibration for the Soft Xray Beamline
DTSTART:20141120T063000Z
DTEND:20141120T080000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-735@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Eliot Gann (Australian Synchrotron)\, Anton Tadich (
 Australian Synchrotron)\, Lars Thomsen (Australian Synchrotron)\, Bruce Co
 wie (Australian Synchrotron.)\n\nThe soft X-ray beam line has fully implem
 ented a series of reference materials that can be placed into the X-ray be
 am at the same time as a sample is recorded with NEXAFS. This allows a dir
 ect cross check against a calibrated photon energy for every spectrum. All
  the measured reference spectra are presented here in time this will be tr
 ansparently integrated into the user data taking\n\nhttps://events.synchro
 tron.org.au/event/3/contributions/735/
LOCATION:NCSS Exhibition Area
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/735/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Binding energy spectra of methoxyphenols: Theory and experiment
DTSTART:20141120T063000Z
DTEND:20141120T080000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-736@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Kevin Prince (Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste)\, Robert 
 Acres (Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste)\, Oksana Plekan (Elettra-Sincrotrone T
 rieste)\, Aravindhan Ganesan (Swinburne University of Technology)\, Rebecc
 a Auchettl (Swinburne University of Technology)\, Feng Wang (Swinburne Uni
 versity of Technology)\n\nMethoxyphenols (MPs) are antioxidants play an im
 portant role in degenerative diseases & cancers. Methoxyphenols are found 
 in many food products however\, the molecular details of methoxyphenols ar
 e limitedly known. o-methoxyphenol (oMP)\, m-methoxyphenol (mMP) and p-met
 hoxyphenol (pMP) are positional isomers of one another. The electronic str
 uctures\, properties and spectra of oMP\, mMP & pMP were studied quantum m
 echanically. The impacts that the methoxy and hydroxy functional groups ha
 ve on the structure and properties of the MPs were revealed in gas phase. 
 The geometries\, ionization energies\, ionization spectra & molecular orbi
 tals were investigated and validated against synchrotron sourced experimen
 ts completed at the Elettra Sincrotrone.  The electronic structure and pro
 perties of oMP\, mMP and pMP were revealed by systematic studies on the fu
 nctional groups in gas phase. The results presented indicate that the inne
 r shell of each MP is dominated by the relative functional group positioni
 ng and the phenyl aromatic ring buffers the changes induced by the functio
 nal groups which stabilizes the MPs in gas phase. It has been established 
 that the valence ionization spectra have conformation dependent changes in
  the energy range from 12.5eV to 20eV that can differentiate between each 
 isomer. The HOMO-2 electron density distribution changes significantly bet
 ween each MP. Ionization energy of the MPs all exhibit functional group de
 pendent peaks in C1s and O1s spectra.  It will be shown that as the fronti
 er orbitals and outer valence space of the MPs show signature orbital conf
 igurations\, the frontier orbitals can be used as fingerprint markers for 
 each MP.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/736/
LOCATION:NCSS Exhibition Area
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/736/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Reconciling Synchrotron SAXS Data with NMR Data for a Two-Domain P
 rotein
DTSTART:20141120T063000Z
DTEND:20141120T080000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-738@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Harjes Elena (Massey University)\, Evelyn Sattlegger
  (Massey University)\, Goroncy Alexander (Massey University)\, Trevor Loo 
 (Massey University)\, Natalie Burr (Massey University)\, Gillian Norris (M
 assey University)\, Geoffrey Jameson (Massey University)\n\nA preliminary 
 structure of the protein Yih1 (Yeast impact homologue 1)\, a protein of pa
 rtially characterised function\, has been obtained by multi-dimensional NM
 R methods. The ~300-residue protein has two distinct domains of approximat
 ely 120 and 160 residues with an approximately 20-residue linker. However\
 , no NOEs could be found involving contacts between the two domains. Solut
 ion-state SAXS data were recorded at the Australian Synchrotron. The struc
 ture is clearly monomeric. The NMR structure of one domain was then transl
 ated and rotated relative to the other domain until a remarkably good fit 
 to the distinctive SAXS data was obtained. The interaction between the two
  domains was then\, and only then\, inspected and found to involve a fairl
 y loose and not implausible association via a small hydrophobic patch and 
 several potential salt bridges. Residual dipolar coupling measurements are
  in progress to determine alignment vectors of the two domains\, and confi
 rm\, or otherwise\, the accuracy of the SAXS model of domain association. 
      \n\nCambiaghi TD\, Pereira CM\, Shanmugam R\, Bolech M\, Wek RC\, Sat
 tlegger E\, Castilho BA. 2014.\nEvolutionarily conserved IMPACT impairs va
 rious stress responses that require GCN1 for activating the eIF2 kinase GC
 N2. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 443: 592-597 (doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.12.0
 21).\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/738/
LOCATION:NCSS Exhibition Area
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/738/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Australian Synchrotron User Portal
DTSTART:20141120T063000Z
DTEND:20141120T080000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-739@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Rosemary Waghorn (Australian Synchrotron)\, Andreas 
 Moll (Australian Synchrotron)\, Lauren Baird (Australian Synchrotron)\n\nT
 he User Portal facilitates all aspects of user engagement with the synchro
 tron from proposal submission\, down to processing data on massive and inp
 utting subsequent publications. Ongoing development aims to enhance user e
 xperience\, improve access to data and increase reporting output\; for the
  users\, the Australian Synchrotron and funding bodies.\n\nhttps://events.
 synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/739/
LOCATION:NCSS Exhibition Area
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/739/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:A combined experimental and computational approach to understandin
 g and developing solid-state ionic conductors
DTSTART:20141120T063000Z
DTEND:20141120T080000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-740@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Chris Ling (University of Sydney)\, Julia Wind (Univ
 ersity of Sydney)\n\nMaterials that exhibit significant mobility of differ
 ent types of charge carriers have potential applications as fuel-cell memb
 ranes\, electrodes\, batteries and sensors. A thorough understanding of th
 e fundamental atomic-scale mechanisms of the conduction processes in these
  materials is necessary to identify ways in which their local chemistry an
 d structure can be modified to lower activation barriers and optimize path
 ways for conduction.\nInelastic neutron scattering experiments will be per
 formed to probe structural fluctuations that may trigger or facilitate the
  diffusion process. Together with ab initio molecular dynamics (MD) calcul
 ations these results will then be used to develop and rigorously verify cl
 assical force fields for empirical calculations to extend the simulations 
 to timescales required to observe actual conduction processes. The results
  will suggest ways in which the local chemistry and structure of materials
  can be modified to lower activation barriers and optimize the pathways fo
 r ionic conduction.\nGood oxide-ionic conductivity\, simple chemical compo
 sition and the scope for chemical and structural modification make apatite
 -type Nd9.33Si6O26 a good initial target system. Nd9.33Si6O26 crystallizes
  in the hexagonal apatite structure P63/m and has 6.7% Nd vacancies locate
 d at the 4f site only. A thorough analysis of different arrangements of Nd
  vacancy positions has been performed to obtain a suitable input model for
  ab initio MD calculations. Possible arrangements have been classified by 
 the corresponding sum of distances between the vacancies to quantify the d
 egree of distribution and investigate the influence of different vacancy d
 istributions on subsequent calculations.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org
 .au/event/3/contributions/740/
LOCATION:NCSS Exhibition Area
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/740/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Use of an Optical Microscope method to calculate the PVDR’s for 
 Synchrotron MRT
DTSTART:20141120T063000Z
DTEND:20141120T080000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-741@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Jeff Crosbie (University of Melbourne)\, Andrew Stev
 enson (Australian Synchrotron/ CSIRO)\, Chris Hall (Australian Synchrotron
 )\, Jonathan McKinlay (The Australian Synchrotron)\, Elizabeth Kyriakou (U
 niversity of Melbourne)\n\nThe radiobiology of microbeam radiation therapy
  (MRT) is poorly understood and this is confounded by difficulties in meas
 uring the dose-distribution. Our investigation assesses the use of microsc
 opy to determine the peak and valley dose in Synchrotron microbeam radiati
 on therapy (MRT). MRT is performed using the horizontal collimator with ar
 rays of 25µm wide x-ray beams with a pitch of 175µm. Three types of Gafc
 hromatic films were irradiated due to their differences in dynamic range. 
 In addition\, each type of film was imaged on a series of microscopes. Key
  parameters for imaging the irradiated film were bit depth and spatial res
 olution of the microscope camera. Greyscale images taken with and without 
 filters and full colour images were all compared. Also considered was the 
 imaging workflow\, with the option for automated loading and imaging of sa
 mples an important factor in reducing user error. In conclusion\, it was f
 ound that a greyscale microscope camera with a bit depth of 14 and pixel s
 ize of 0.32μm at a 20x objective was ideal to capture the characteristic 
 of the microbeams.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributi
 ons/741/
LOCATION:NCSS Exhibition Area
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/741/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Characterisation of the PTW microDiamond detector for high spatial
  resolution dosimetry in microbeam radiation therapy at IMBL
DTSTART:20141120T051000Z
DTEND:20141120T053000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-742@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Daniel Hausermann (Australian Synchrotron)\, Chris H
 all (Australian Synchrotron)\, Andrew Stevenson (Australian Synchrotron\, 
 CSIRO)\, Jean-Francois Adam (Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences\, INSERM\
 , Universite Joseph Fourier)\, Duncan Butler (Australian Radiation Protect
 ion and Nuclear Safety Agency)\, Iwan Cornelius (Australian Synchrotron\, 
 University of Wollongong)\, Jayde Livingstone (Australian Synchrotron)\n\n
 Microbeam radiation therapy (MRT) at IMBL is based on arrays of 50&mu m wi
 de x-ray beams with a pitch of 400&mu m. The peak-to-valley dose ratio (PV
 DR) is the ratio of the peak dose to the dose between the microbeams and i
 s an important radiobiological quantity. Accurate measurements of the PVDR
  require a dosimeter with high spatial resolution\, dose rate independence
  and water equivalence for the MRT spectrum. The PTW microDiamond detector
  is a synthetic single crystal diamond detector. The 1.1mm radius and 1&mu
  m thickness make it a promising candidate MRT dosimetry. Studies have bee
 n performed at IMBL to characterise the energy\, dose rate and directional
  dependence of microDiamond. The ratio of mass energy absorption coefficie
 nts in diamond and water predict that the detector will under-respond at l
 ow energies\, however\, this was not observed in the experimental ratio of
  the microDiamond response to absorbed dose in water for energies 30-90keV
 . The dose rate dependence was found to be linear for storage ring current
 s &ge 50mA but deviated from linearity by up to 4% for lower currents (2-5
 0mA). The reponse of the detector oriented at 0o and 90o relative to norma
 l beam incidence agreed to within 3%. This is an important result since th
 e required spatial resolution for PVDR measurements exists in the 90o geom
 etry. The detector will be calibrated against reference detectors and the 
 kV primary standard for absorbed dose.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.a
 u/event/3/contributions/742/
LOCATION:Conference Room AS
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/742/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Time-resolved phase evolution during creation of nanoporous Cu cur
 rent collectors by a dealloying approach
DTSTART:20141120T063000Z
DTEND:20141120T080000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-743@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Qian Ma (RMIT University)\, Justin Kimpton (Australi
 an Synchrotron)\, Nathan Webster (CSIRO)\, Ming YAN (RMIT University)\, Ti
 ngting SONG (RMIT University)\n\nDealloying\, used to fabricate nanoporous
  metals\, is a process where less noble components (e.g. Al) in the precur
 sor (e.g. AlCu) are dissolved\, leaving the nobler elements (e.g. Cu) to f
 orm a nanoporous structure. The three-dimensionally nanoporous Cu is desir
 ed in lithium-ion batteries as current collectors\, which has a unique adv
 antage in providing large surface area for active materials and can accomm
 odate structural strain during lithiation/delithiation reactions. From the
  perspective of phase evolution\, the phases may evolve from Al-Cu phases 
 (fcc &alpha-Al(Cu)\, tetragonal Al2Cu\, monoclinic AlCu or combination of 
 them) to fcc Cu. \nIn-situ laboratory X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and ex-situ 
 synchrotron XRD experimentation have been implemented to characterise the 
 dealloying of different Al-Cu precursors in preparing fcc Cu. Experiments 
 were carried out using Al75Cu25 (&alpha-Al(Cu) and Al2Cu) and Al65Cu35 (Al
 2Cu and AlCu) alloys. In the case of in-situ lab XRD experimentation\, res
 ults showed that for Al75Cu25\, the disappearance of &alpha-Al(Cu) and Al2
 Cu\, and the formation of Cu began simultaneously\, while for Al65Cu35\, t
 he dealloying of Al2Cu and AlCu happened in sequence with the formation of
  Cu. The highly resoluted ex-situ synchrotron results not only confirmed l
 ab XRD observations\, but also showed transient phases during dealloying f
 or the first time. This study is a model example to investigate the underl
 ying dealloying mechanism from the perspective of phase evolution\, and ca
 n provide guidance for the development of nanoporous Cu current collectors
  for batteries.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions
 /743/
LOCATION:NCSS Exhibition Area
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/743/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:SAXS study of etching behavior of ion tracks in apatite
DTSTART:20141120T063000Z
DTEND:20141120T080000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-744@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Patrick Kluth (Australian National University)\, Mat
 ias Rodriguez (Australian National University)\, Boshra Afra (Australian N
 ational University)\, Daniel Schauries (Australian National University)\, 
 Allina Nadzri (Australian National University\,)\n\nIon tracks consist of 
 narrow (~10 nm)\, long (~10-100 μm) cylindrical defect regions that are g
 enerated by high-velocity heavy ions when they pass through a variety of s
 olids. Such tracks result naturally from fission of uranium inclusions in 
 minerals such as apatite and zircon and are used for determining the age a
 nd thermal history of geological material. This so called ‘fission track
  dating’ technique utilizes chemical etching to enlarge the tracks to mi
 crometer widths\, which enables imaging by optical microscopy and subseque
 nt statistical analysis of their number and length distributions. \n\nThe 
 present work investigates how differences in the un-etched track morpholog
 y translate into etched ion track dimensions. Tracks were generated by irr
 adiation of the samples with 185 MeV Au ions and 2.3 GeV Bi ions. The morp
 hology of etched and un-etched tracks was studied using synchrotron based 
 small angle x-ray scattering (SAXS) and microscopy techniques such as scan
 ning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Addition
 ally\, track annealing was investigated using SAXS in combination with ex-
 situ annealing experiments performed prior to chemical etching. Results in
 dicate\, that the etching process is highly anisotropic\, yields faceted e
 tch pits and depends on the mineral composition. These results provide imp
 ortant input to develop an understanding of the correlation of etched and 
 un-etched fission tracks and the use of SAXS as a tool for studying etched
  tracks.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/744/
LOCATION:NCSS Exhibition Area
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/744/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:X-ray photoemission spectroscopy of radiosensitizers
DTSTART:20141120T063000Z
DTEND:20141120T080000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-745@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Michael Horsman (Aarhus University Hospital\, Denmar
 k)\, Kevin Prince (Elettra\, Italy)\, Marawan Ahmeda (Swinburne)\, Linda F
 eketeováb (Melbourne)\, Feng Wang (Swinburne University of Technology)\, 
 Mayanthi Goonewardanea (Swinburne)\n\nRadiosensitizers are used in radioth
 erapy to enhance tumour control of radioresistant hypoxic tumours. Recent 
 studies indicate that the formation of radical anions is a key step. Thus 
 understanding the ionization reactions of radiosensitizers is crucial in e
 valuating the radiosensitization potential and in developing new and more 
 effective drugs. The present study concentrates on the electronic structur
 es of several important radiosensitizers such as nimorazole\, 1-methyl-5-n
 itroimidazole\, and 4(5)-nitroimidazole using gas phase synchrotron source
  X-ray photoemission spectroscopy and quantum mechanics. Detailed analysis
  of valence and core level spectra will be provided and discussed in the l
 ight of possible tautomerism in these compounds.\n\nhttps://events.synchro
 tron.org.au/event/3/contributions/745/
LOCATION:NCSS Exhibition Area
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/745/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:A high resolution in-beam monitor for microbeam radiotherapy
DTSTART:20141121T024500Z
DTEND:20141121T031500Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-746@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Iwan Cornelius (Imaging and Medical Beamline\, Austr
 alian Synchrotron\, Australia.\, Centre for Medical Radiation Physics\, Un
 iversity of Wollongong\, Australia)\, Andrew Stevenson (Australian Synchro
 tron/ CSIRO)\, Christopher Hall (Australian Synchrotron)\, Trent Smith (Im
 aging and Medical Beamline\, Australian Synchrotron\, Australia.)\, Christ
 opher Poole (University of Melbourne)\n\nDue to the very high dose rates (
 kGy/s) used in microbeam radiotherapy (MRT)\, rigorous fluence monitoring 
 is necessary both for pre-treatment verification\, and during therapy. We 
 propose an in-beam monitoring system comprised of a 50 μm film of polyeth
 ylene terephthalate (PET) metalised with Aluminium positioned in the beam\
 , coupled with a CMOS imaging system for the collection of fluorescence op
 tical photons emitted from the film. We show that such a system has the po
 tential for high spatial and temporal resolution\, thereby enabling on-lin
 e beam monitoring and treatment verification for MRT.\n\nWe position a sam
 ple of the film at a 30 degree angle to the beam path in a light tight and
  shielded enclosure. A CMOS PCO Edge camera with a sensor size of 2560×21
 60 pixels and a pixel size of 6.5 μm\, along with a 105 mm Nikkor macro-l
 ens was nominally positioned at 400 mm to the imaging sensor\, and perpend
 icular to the beam for direct imaging of the fluoresce photons.\n\nThe sig
 nal to noise ratio for the system was found to be 18.9\, and its temporal 
 capabilities were found to be sufficient for detecting beam defining slits
  in motion\, with the MRT beam spectrum at IMBL with a nominal mean energy
  of 100 keV\, and a 1×5 mm field. The proposed imaging system will be a v
 aluable aide in treatment setup\, including multi-slit collimator alignmen
 t and pre-treatment verification.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/eve
 nt/3/contributions/746/
LOCATION:Conference Room AS
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/746/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Composition dependent annealing kinetics of ion tracks in natural 
 apatite
DTSTART:20141120T063000Z
DTEND:20141120T080000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-747@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Patrick Kluth (ANU)\, Stephen Mudie (Australian Sync
 hrotron)\, Pablo Mota (ANU)\, Allina Nadzri (Australian National Universit
 y (ANU))\, Daniel Schauries (ANU)\, Saliha Muradoglu (ANU)\n\nWhen high en
 ergetic heavy ions penetrate a solid\, energy is lost predominantly throug
 h inelastic collisions with the target electrons. Such interactions can le
 ave narrow cylindrical trails of damage as the ions traverse through the m
 aterial\, termed ‘ion tracks’. In minerals such as apatite\, track for
 mation can occur as a result of spontaneous fission from naturally occurri
 ng uranium inclusions. The highly energetic fragments damage the matrix ma
 terial in an analogous manner to heavy ions penetrating a solid\, resultin
 g in these so called ‘fission tracks’. Upon exposure to elevated tempe
 ratures\, these tracks are known to reduce in size and the crystalline str
 ucture is restored. \n\nIn this study\, the annealing kinetics of ion trac
 ks (simulating fission tracks) in natural apatites with different F/Cl  ra
 tios are investigated using synchrotron based small-angle x-ray scattering
  (SAXS) combined with ex situ isochronal annealing experiments. Results sh
 ow that track structure resembles that of cylinders with a constant densit
 y and sharp boundaries consistent with amorphous ion tracks. Annealing lea
 ds to a reduction in the track radii and the annealing behaviour clearly d
 iffers for the four compositions studied. Activation energies for the recr
 ystallization process were extracted from the data obtained.\n\nThe result
 s have relevance for fission track geo- and thermochronology.\n\nhttps://e
 vents.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/747/
LOCATION:NCSS Exhibition Area
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/747/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Synchrotron broad beam and MRT radiation induces DNA damage in nor
 mal mouse tissues distant from the irradiated volume
DTSTART:20141121T031500Z
DTEND:20141121T033500Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-748@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Olga Martin (Molecular Radiation Biology Laboratory\
 , Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre\, Melbourne\, VIC\, Australia\; Sir Peter 
 MacCallum Department of Oncology\, the University of Melbourne\, Melbourne
 \, VIC\, Australia\; Division of Radiation Oncology and Cancer Imaging\, P
 eter MacCallum Cancer Centre\, Melbourne\, VIC\, Australia)\, Pavel Lobach
 evsky (Molecular Radiation Biology Laboratory\, Peter MacCallum Cancer Cen
 tre\, Melbourne\, VIC\, Australia\;Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncol
 ogy\, the University of Melbourne\, Melbourne\, VIC\, Australia)\, Alexand
 ros G Georgakilas (Department of Physics\, National Technical University o
 f Athens\, Athens\, Greece)\, Vasilis Kotsaris (Department of Physics\, Na
 tional Technical University of Athens\, Athens\, Greece)\, Andreas Ntargar
 as (Department of Physics\, National Technical University of Athens\, Athe
 ns\, Greece)\, Joel Mason (Molecular Radiation Biology Laboratory\, Peter 
 MacCallum Cancer Centre\, Melbourne\, VIC\, Australia)\, Nickala Best (Mol
 ecular Radiation Biology Laboratory\, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre\, Melb
 ourne\, VIC\, Australia)\, Christopher Hall (Australian Synchrotron)\, And
 rew Stevenson (Australian Synchrotron/ CSIRO)\, Andrea Smith (Molecular Ra
 diation Biology Laboratory\, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre\, Melbourne\, V
 IC\, Australia)\, Alesia Ivashkevich (Centre for Innate Immunity and Infec
 tious Diseases\, MIMR\, Monash University\, Clayton\, VIC\, Australia\;Rad
 iation Oncology\, Canberra Hospital\, Garran\, ACT\, Australia)\, Carl.N S
 prung (Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases\, MIMR-PHI\, Mon
 ash University\, Clayton\, VIC)\, Helen Forrester (Centre for Innate Immun
 ity and Infectious Diseases\, MIMR-PHI\, Monash University\, Clayton\, VIC
 )\, Jessica Ventura (Molecular Radiation Biology Laboratory\, Peter MacCal
 lum Cancer Centre\, Melbourne\, VIC\, Australia)\n\nMicrobeam radiation th
 erapy (MRT) is a novel\, preclinical modality\, with a unique ability to g
 enerate less radiation damage to neighbouring normal tissues\, while provi
 ding efficient ablation to the tumour mass\; compared to the currently use
 d Broad Beam (BB) modality. A comprehensive investigation on the mechanism
 s and side effects of these modalities have not currently been established
 . Here we compared the radiation-induced bystander effect (RIBE) of BB and
  MRT irradiation\, generated by the Imaging and Medical Beamline at the Au
 stralian Synchrotron in C57BL/6 mice. Animals were irradiated with 10Gy or
  40Gy peak dose of BB or MRT\, in an 8x8\, 8x1 and 2x2mm area on the right
  hind leg\, using an X-ray beam with a dose rate of 49Gy/sec and constant 
 current of 200mA.  At 24 and 96hrs post-irradiation\, we collected irradia
 ted skin and an assortment of unirradiated tissue\; these were processed f
 or DSB detection\, using the γH2AX assay. For both modalities the levels 
 of γH2AX foci in unirradiated tissues of irradiated mice\, varied in comp
 arison to irradiated animals.  Overall\, MRT and BB induced an elevated γ
 H2AX response at 10Gy\, while inhibiting this response at 40Gy. Oxidative 
 clustered DNA lesions (OCDL) in tissues were measured using constant field
  gel electrophoresis\, where genomic DNA was treated with purine\, pyrimid
 ine and abasic site-specific enzymes. Results show a marked increase of OC
 DLs in a variety of unirradiated tissues. We will discuss the role of irra
 diated volume\, dose\, and beam modality in the manifestation of the in-vi
 vo RIBE.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/748/
LOCATION:Conference Room AS
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/748/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Structural characterisation of the retromer complex and associated
  sorting nexins
DTSTART:20141120T063000Z
DTEND:20141120T080000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-749@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Rajesh Ghai (School of Biotechnology and Biomolecula
 r Sciences\,University of NSW\, Kensington\, NSW\, 2052.)\, Natalya Leneva
  (Institute for Molecular Bioscience\, The University of Queensland\, St L
 ucia\, QLD\, 4072.)\, Brett Collins (Institute for Molecular Bioscience\, 
 The University of Queensland\, St Lucia\, QLD\, 4072.)\, Kathleen Wood (Au
 stralian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation\, Locked Bag 2001\, K
 irrawee DC\, NSW 2232.)\, Anthony Duff (Australian Nuclear Science and Tec
 hnology Organisation\, Locked Bag 2001\, Kirrawee DC\, NSW 2232.)\, Nathan
  Cowieson (Australian Synchrotron\, 800 Blackburn Road\, Clayton\, VIC\, 3
 168.)\, Suzanne Norwood (Institute for Molecular Bioscience\, The Universi
 ty of Queensland\, St Lucia\, QLD\, 4072.)\n\nRetromer is a peripheral mem
 brane protein complex that plays a critical role in a broad range of physi
 ological\, developmental and pathological processes including Wnt signalli
 ng\, toxin transport and amyloid production in Alzheimer’s disease. The 
 mammalian retromer complex consists of a core heterotrimeric cargo recogni
 tion sub-complex (VPS26\, VPS29 and VPS35) associated with a dimer of prot
 eins from the SNX–BAR sorting nexin family that drives membrane deformat
 ion and tubulation. By recruiting the cargo-selective sub-complex to the f
 orming tubules\, the SNX–BAR coat complex mediates the retrograde transp
 ort of proteins from endosomes to the trans-Golgi network. Recent studies\
 , however\, have highlighted the molecular and functional diversity of ret
 romer and the identification of new interacting proteins has revealed that
  the role of retromer extends to endosome-to-plasma membrane sorting and r
 egulation of signalling events. Emerging evidence indicates that cargo spe
 cificity is mediated by specific sorting nexins. These include SNX3\, invo
 lved in the trafficking of the Wntless/MIG-14 protein\, and SNX27\, a PX-F
 ERM protein that mediates the retrieval of the β2-adrenergic receptor. \n
 \nUsing the MX and SAXS/WAXS beamlines at the Australian Synchrotron\, we 
 have acquired structural data to determine how the core cargo recognition 
 sub-complex assembles and to characterise the retromer-associated sorting 
 nexins. We are using this information in combination with biochemical and 
 biological studies to understand retromer-mediated endosomal protein sorti
 ng and how this fascinating protein complex contributes to a diverse set o
 f cellular processes.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contrib
 utions/749/
LOCATION:NCSS Exhibition Area
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/749/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Human leukocyte antigen-associated drug hypersensitivity.
DTSTART:20141120T005000Z
DTEND:20141120T011000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-750@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Jamie Rossjohn (Monash University)\, Anthony Purcell
  (Monash University)\, James McCluskey (University of Melbourne)\, Kostenk
 o Lyudmila (University of Melbourne)\, Patricia Illing (Monash University)
 \, Julian Vivian (Monash University)\n\nAbacavir hypersensitivity syndrome
  (AHS) is a T-cell mediated drug hypersensitivity triggered by the antiret
 roviral drug abacavir\, used in the treatment of HIV infection. It is one 
 of an increasing number of adverse drug reactions found to be associated w
 ith specific Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) alleles. Occuring exclusively i
 n individuals possessing HLA-B*57:01\, this is one of the strongest associ
 ations between an HLA and disease found to date and provides an attractive
  candidate for exploring the general basis for allotype-specific drug pres
 entation by the HLA. In this study\, we detail that abacavir alters the re
 pertoire of endogenous peptides that can bind HLA-B*57:01. By use of the M
 X2 beamline at the Australian synchrotron we determined the high resolutio
 n X-ray crystallographic structure of HLA-B*57:01 in complex with abacavir
 . This enabled as to map the molecular details underlying the exquisite sp
 ecificity of abacavir for HLA-B*57:01. Furthermore\, we were able to show 
 that abacavir changes the shape and chemistry of the HLA-B*57:01 antigen-b
 inding cleft. In this way\, abacavir guides the selection of new endogenou
 s peptides\, inducing a marked alteration in 'immunological self'. The res
 ultant peptide-centric 'altered self' activates abacavir-specific T-cells\
 , thereby driving polyclonal CD8+ T-cell activation and a systemic reactio
 n manifesting as AHS.\n\nReference: Illing\, P.\, Vivian.\, et al\nNature.
  2012 Jun 28\;486(7404):554-8\nImmune self-reactivity triggered by drug-mo
 dified HLA-peptide repertoire.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/
 3/contributions/750/
LOCATION:Oliphant Auditorium
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/750/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:IR spectroscopy of ferrocene and deuterated ferrocene: Experiment 
 and theory
DTSTART:20141121T035500Z
DTEND:20141121T041500Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-751@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Chris Chantler (The University of Melbourne)\, Domin
 ique Appadoo (Australian Synchrotron)\, Stephen Best (The University of Me
 lbourne)\, Tauhid Islam (The University of Melbourne)\, Shawkat Islam (Swi
 nburne)\, Feng Wang (Swinburne University of Technology)\n\nThe contempora
 ry organometallic chemistry stems from the discovery of ferrocene Fe(C5H5)
 2\, i.e.\, di-cyclopentadienyle iron (FeCp2 or Fc) half a century ago. Sin
 ce its discovery\, the heated debate whether the eclipsed or the staggered
  is the most stable structure of Fc continues. The fact that electronic st
 ructures and many properties of the Fc conformers are strikingly similar h
 as been a key hurdle to differentiate or separate the configurations from 
 one another. We recently discovered theoretically using DFT calculations t
 hat the 400-500 cm-1 region of the infrared (IR) spectra of Fc exhibits th
 e fingerprint conformers. Such the discovery was later confirmed by IR exp
 erimental measurements in a number of solutions\, in polar and non-polar s
 olvents. Understanding of the structure and dynamics of the sandwich compl
 ex is important as Fc derivatives may inherit particular properties which 
 only exist in one conformer such as catalysis. It is further discovered th
 at the IR spectral fingerprint is associated with the vibrations of the ce
 ntre Fe atom in the sandwich conformers\, which is seen in an earlier IR e
 xperiment of Fc. As a result\, we designed and conducted new high-resoluti
 on IR experiments in the gas-phase Far-IR beamline of the Australian Synch
 rotron to study Fc-h10 and deuterated Fc-d10. New results and analysis in 
 gas phase and in solutions will be presented at this meeting.\n\nhttps://e
 vents.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/751/
LOCATION:Oliphant Auditorium
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/751/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:New Formamidinate Rare Earth Metal Complexes by Pseudo-Grignard Re
 action
DTSTART:20141120T063000Z
DTEND:20141120T080000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-752@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Jun Wang (James Cook University)\, Peter Junk (James
  Cook university)\, Safaa Ali (James Cook University)\n\nPseudo-Grignard r
 eagents1\, 2\, ‘‘RLnX’’ (Ln = Eu\, Sm and Yb\; R = Me\, Ph or C6H2
 Me3-2\, 4\, 6\; X = Br\, I)\, formed by the treatment of organic halides l
 ike PhBr or PhI with rare earth metals in Lewis base solvents\, can be emp
 loyed to various organic or inorganic transformations3\, 4.  We now report
  the synthesis of new divalent rare earth metal formamidinate complex [Ln(
 Form)Br(thf)2]2 through the relevant Pseudo-Grignard reactions of rare ear
 th metal with bromobenzene in the presence of formamidine (Eq. 1). \n  \n\
 n\nA typical reaction using ytterbium metal and bromobenzene or iodobenzen
 e in the presence of 2\,4\,6-methylformamidine led to the isolation of ora
 nge and light orange complexes [Yb(Form)Br(thf)2]2\, [Yb(Form)I(thf)2]2. T
 he product has been structurally characterized including X-ray crystallogr
 aphy (Fig. 1).  \n \n \nFig. 1. Molecular structure of [Yb(Form)Br(thf)2]2
 \n \nFig. 2. Molecular structure of [Yb(Form)I(thf)2]2\nReferences \n\n1. 
    Syutkina\, O. P.\; Rybakova\, L. F.\; Petrov\, E. S.\; Beletskaya\, I. 
 P.\, J. Organomet. Chem.\, 1985\, 280\, C67.\n2.    Petrov\, E. S.\; Roite
 rshtein\, D. M.\; Rybakova\, L. F.\, J. Organomet. Chem.\, 2002\, 647\, 21
 .\n3    Evans\, D. F.\; Fazakerley\, G. V. \; Phillips\, R. F.\, J. Chem. 
 Soc. D.\, 1970\, 244.\n4.    Evans\, D. F.\; Fazakerley\, G. V. \; Phillip
 s\, R. F.\, J. Chem. Soc. A.\, 1971\, 1931.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.
 org.au/event/3/contributions/752/
LOCATION:NCSS Exhibition Area
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/752/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Quantitative analysis of spotty diffraction rings and application 
 to corrosion studies of steel
DTSTART:20141121T001500Z
DTEND:20141121T004500Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-753@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Bridget Ingham (Callaghan Innovation)\n\nSpotty diff
 raction rings are symptomatic of large-grained polycrystalline materials. 
 Analysis of these rings falls into a void between single crystal and powde
 r diffraction methods\, and is usually dismissed or discussed only briefly
  and in a qualitative fashion. Recently\, we have developed statistical me
 thods for quantitatively analysing the ‘spottiness’ of diffraction rin
 gs\, such as those observed during CO2 corrosion of steel in aqueous solut
 ions under electrochemical control. These include the normalised roughness
  and the fractal dimension of the diffraction ring\, obtained from 2D diff
 raction images. Statistical measures obtained for diffraction patterns cal
 culated from theoretical crystallite size distributions are compared to th
 ose obtained for experimental data. This illustrates that the corrosion me
 chanism relies on the formation of surface roughness\, which proceeds via 
 preferential dissolution of small grains.\n\nReferences:\nB. Ingham\, ‘S
 tatistical measures of spottiness in diffraction rings’\, J. Appl. Cryst
 . 2013\, 47\, 166-172.\nM. Ko\, B. Ingham\, N. Laycock and D. E. Williams\
 , ‘In situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction study of the effect of microstr
 ucture and boundary layer conditions on CO2 corrosion of pipeline steels
 ’\, Corrosion Sci. (submitted).\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/eve
 nt/3/contributions/753/
LOCATION:NCSS Seminar Room
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/753/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:High-Definition X-ray Fluorescence Elemental Mapping of a Early Tu
 dor Portrait of Henry VIII
DTSTART:20141120T063000Z
DTEND:20141120T080000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-754@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Kathryn Spiers (Australian Synchrotron)\, Simon Ives
  (Art Gallery of New South Wales)\, Paula Dredge (Art Gallery of New South
  Wales)\, Daryl Howard (Australian Synchrotron)\n\nA Tudor portrait of Hen
 ry VIII on oak dating from 1540s is currently undergoing conservation trea
 tment. This treatment includes the removal of restoration paint layers app
 lied prior to its acquisition by the Art Gallery of New South Wales. Conve
 ntional imaging techniques\, x-radiography\, infrared reflectography and u
 ltraviolet fluorescence suggested damages underneath the restorations. The
 se include a break in the panel through the centre\, the addition of an ex
 tra panel piece along the right edge and extensive overpaint by previous r
 estorers. The addition of balsa wood strips to the verso of the panel usin
 g a wax and chalk adhesive caused significant interference in the conventi
 onal x-radiograph image.  \n\nHigh-definition XRF elemental mapping of the
  painting produced images of the distribution of original and non-original
  paint layers across the painting. Original and non-original paints were d
 istinguished through historical studies of known pigments from the 16th ce
 ntury such as bone black\, natural chalk vermillion\, copper-based greens 
 and blues\, gold leaf\, lead white and iron-based earth colours against th
 ose manufactured later\, such as chrome greens. \n\nThe elemental maps are
  proving invaluable guides in the removal of restoration materials and the
  retrieval of original details previously obscured\, and is providing uniq
 ue insight into the making of the painting and suggests that miniature and
  manuscript illumination may have been important technical sources for the
  artist.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/754/
LOCATION:NCSS Exhibition Area
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/754/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:SAXS as an assay for protein:ligand interaction.
DTSTART:20141120T063000Z
DTEND:20141120T080000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-755@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Gilda Tachedjian (Burnet Institute)\, James Whisstoc
 k (Monash University)\, Ruby Law (Monash University)\, Adam Quek (Monash U
 niversity)\, Cath Latham (Burnet Institute)\, Nathan Cowieson (Australian 
 Synchrotron)\n\nSmall-angle x-ray scattering (SAXS) is sensitive to the si
 ze and shape of macromolecules in solution. Whilst there can be some uncer
 tainties involved in modelling macromolecular structure directly from SAXS
  data\, relative changes in structure can be measured with a high degree o
 f confidence. \n\nThe binding of a small-molecule ligand to a large protei
 n in itself is generally too subtle an event to see with confidence by SAX
 S. In order to use SAXS as an assay for the interaction between a ligand a
 nd a protein one of the following cases must be true: 1) the ligand intera
 ction causes a conformational change in the protein\, 2) the ligand intera
 ction disrupts a protein:protein interaction causing a change in multimeri
 sation state or 3) the ligand itself is rather large by comparison to the 
 protein.\n\nOn this basis I present three recent examples that explore the
  utility of SAXS to assaying the interaction between medically relevant pr
 oteins and various chemical ligands. These examples are: 1) the binding of
  lysine analogues with the human anti-clotting protein plasminogen that le
 ad to a dramatic conformational change in the protein\, 2) the interaction
  between a large branched polymer (dendrimer) and HIV gp120 that leads to 
 a reduction in infection rates and 3) interaction between a novel alloster
 ic inhibitor and HIV reverse-transcriptase that causes a subtle rearrangem
 ent in the domain structure of this protein and lead to inhibition of func
 tion.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/755/
LOCATION:NCSS Exhibition Area
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/755/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Characterisation of model protein denaturation by SAXS
DTSTART:20141120T063000Z
DTEND:20141120T080000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-763@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Nigel Kirby (Australian Synchrotron)\, Duncan McGill
 ivray (The University of Auckland)\, Nathan Cowieson (Australian Synchrotr
 on)\, Gloria Xun (Australian Synchrotron)\n\nThe biological functions of p
 roteins depend on the ability of the proteins to fold correctly. Misfoldin
 g/unfolding of proteins can cause formation of insoluble pathological aggr
 egates\, leading to degenerative diseases\, such as Alzheimer’s and Park
 inson’s [1]. Although considerable studies have been carried out on the 
 molecular mechanism of protein aggregation\, the lack of detailed informat
 ion that links the initial stage of aggregation and the final structure li
 mits the understanding of protein aggregation. In this study\, our objecti
 ve is to investigate the thermal denaturation and pre-aggregation of three
  soluble model proteins\, ribonuclease A\, myoglobin and chymotrypsinogen 
 A\, with different secondary structure characteristics. By using in situ s
 mall angle X-ray scattering\, we can extract thermodynamic parameters and 
 study the very early stages of the aggregation process-especially the conf
 ormational changes of individual protein molecules in solution on thermal 
 denaturation. Our hypothesis is that the differences in aggregation mechan
 isms observed in the models proteins during thermal denaturation are intim
 ately related to their secondary structures. These results will be complem
 ented with chemical and high pressure denaturation to gain a complete ther
 modynamic picture of the different protein-types resistance to aggregation
 .\n\n1. Tan\, S. Y.\, & Pepys\, M. B. (1994). Amyloidosis. Histopathology\
 , 25 (5)\, 403-414.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contribut
 ions/763/
LOCATION:NCSS Exhibition Area
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/763/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:X-ray Micro-Tomography using fluorescence from a metal foil as a l
 ight source combined with X-ray Micro-Diffraction
DTSTART:20141120T063000Z
DTEND:20141120T080000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-756@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Tom Caradoc-Davies (Australian Synchrotron.)\, Eugen
 iu Balaur (La Trobe University)\, Mac B. Luu (La Trobe University)\, Bened
 icta Arhatari (La Trobe University)\, Kappen Peter (Australian Synchrotron
 )\n\nMicro-X-ray computed tomography is a well established 3D imaging meth
 od that plays an important role in fields like materials science\, food re
 search\, and bio-medical imaging. It is interesting to combine tomography 
 with other techniques\, such as X-ray diffraction\, for assessing physical
  properties (density and crystallography) of materials that are heterogene
 ous on the micrometer scale. The challenge lies in reconciling the needs o
 f both methods\, whereby tomography typically requires a large beam and mi
 cro-diffraction requires a small beam. \n\nTo bridge this gap\, a study wa
 s conducted at the MX1 beamline. Tomographic imaging was realised by placi
 ng a metal foil upstream from the sample thus generating a diverging fluor
 escence wavefront (1). This wavefront was propagated through the sample on
 to the beamline’s CCD detector for absorption contrast imaging. The rela
 tively small beam (~150mu) was used for simultaneous small-scale illuminat
 ion for micro-diffraction. \n\nTo explore some of the possibilities of the
  combined method\, imaging results from different density materials will b
 e presented. Parallel micro-diffraction is demonstrated using an Egyptian 
 faience bead\, and elemental contrast imaging is explored by imaging Ni an
 d Cu metal meshes. This study highlights possibilities to obtain three-dim
 ensional structural information simultaneously on micrometer and crystallo
 graphic length-scales. The results show promise for further developments i
 n element contrast imaging\, and results from the work also inform possibl
 e extensions to phase contrast imaging.\n(1) P.Kappen\, B.Arhatari\, M.B.L
 uu\, E.Balaur\, and T.Caradoc-Davies\, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 84\, 063703 (201
 3).\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/756/
LOCATION:NCSS Exhibition Area
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/756/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Science Case II - status and future plans
DTSTART:20141121T053000Z
DTEND:20141121T054500Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-757@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Andrew Peele (Australian Synchrotron)\n\nhttps://eve
 nts.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/757/
LOCATION:Oliphant Auditorium
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/757/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:XAS beamline update
DTSTART:20141120T051000Z
DTEND:20141120T055000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-758@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Nicholas Rae (Australian Synchrotron)\, Bernt Johann
 essen (Australian Synchrotron)\, Chris Glover (Australian Synchrotron)\, K
 appen Peter (Australian Synchrotron)\n\nIn this session we will update on 
 the status of the XAS Beamline\, including developments of the user scienc
 e program\, status of the 100-element fluorescence detector\, status of Hu
 tch-C\, recent works completed\, and further plans for upgrades and develo
 pments. The session will provide ample opportunity for Q & A and for discu
 ssing science needs that the XAS Beamline is not catering for\, such as th
 e Medium Energy XAS (MEX) Beamline.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/e
 vent/3/contributions/758/
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/758/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Opportunities for a greater spectroscopy DCM - vibration study
DTSTART:20141120T063000Z
DTEND:20141120T080000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-759@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Brad Mountford (Australian Synchrotron)\, Peter Kapp
 en (Australian Synchrotron)\, Adam Walsh (Australian Synchrotron)\, Chris 
 Glover (Australian Synchrotron)\n\nX-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) is 
 a technique that typically challenges the performance of its monochromator
 . The XAS Beamline at the Australian Synchrotron utilises a commercially d
 elivered liquid Nitrogen cooled double crystal monochromator (DCM). This D
 CM possesses excellent energy and beam offset stability. Some mechanical a
 nd electrical improvements have been made in-house to enhance performance 
 for the beamline’s science user community. Further improvements to the D
 CM are strongly motivated by the research needs of the user community\, fo
 r eg materials and systems where a metal species of interest is present at
  very low concentrations (few 100 ppb).  \n\nFor any DCM data quality can 
 be limited by vibrations between the two diffracting crystal surfaces\, re
 sulting in beam ‘noise’ via positional changes\, flux intensity pertur
 bations and possibly small energy changes. As such\, effort is invested to
  reduce current DCM crystal vibrations (~400-1000 nRad) to increase system
  performance and satisfy user community needs.\n\nHerein we report an in-s
 itu (with X-ray beam and a position sensitive ion chamber) and ex-situ (wi
 th accelerometers) characterisation of the vibrational response of the DCM
  at the XAS Beamline. In general\, the X-ray beam shows a vibration spectr
 um closely resembling the measured resonant frequencies of the DCM compone
 nts\, as well as the superposition of the floor dynamics. The effect of ru
 bber damping pads\, stiffened supporting structures and other modification
 s will be presented\, and ideas and strategies for improved vibrational pe
 rformance will be discussed.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/
 contributions/759/
LOCATION:NCSS Exhibition Area
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/759/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Hospira at the synchrotron: A partnership in problem solving
DTSTART:20141120T005000Z
DTEND:20141120T011000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-760@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: William Issa (Hospira)\n\nHospira is a global leader
  in the manufacture of generic injectable pharmaceuticals. A case study wi
 ll be presented showcasing the role of the Australian Synchrotron in a rec
 ent Hospira investigation.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/co
 ntributions/760/
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/760/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Discussion
DTSTART:20141120T011000Z
DTEND:20141120T013000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-761@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/761/
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/761/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Extreme environments at the XAS beamline
DTSTART:20141120T063000Z
DTEND:20141120T080000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-762@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Bernt Johannessen\, Nicholas Rae (Australian Synchro
 tron)\n\nX-ray Absorption Spectroscopy is a technique for structure determ
 ination and speciation studies which is well suited to the in situ study e
 xtreme environments.      Extreme environments are systems under high pres
 sure and high temperature.  These systems occur in nature when geofluids d
 issolve metals from large regions of host rock\, and later precipitate the
  metals as ore deposits.  Apart from understanding the formation of ore de
 posits\,  understanding geofluids is important in developing ore processin
 g\, and for geothermal power stations.\n\nTwo new systems for studying ext
 reme environments are being implemented in hutch C at the XAS beamline.   
  Hutch C is a separate experimental station to hutch B\, the main experime
 ntal hutch where routine XAS experiments re performed.    One of the aims 
 of the extreme environments project is the set up hutch C to run independe
 ntly of hutch B.   An example is the parallel implementation of motor cont
 rol\, and detector counting chains.   \nThe first new system is the maestr
 o autoclave cell\, developed by Joel Brugger et al.    The maestro cell is
  a large volume cell which can run temperatures from 25 – 600 degrees C\
 ,  and pressures from 1 to 600 bars.   The large volume cell allows us to 
 study dilute metal ions in solution such as geofliuds encountered in natur
 e.\n\nThe second system is the Hydrothermal Diamond Anvil Cell (HyDAC).  T
 his cell can impart pressures between 0.1 – 5 GPa\, and temperatures 25 
 – 1000 degrees C.     The volume of the HyDAC is made larger than other 
 DACs by milling into the two diamonds.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.a
 u/event/3/contributions/762/
LOCATION:NCSS Exhibition Area
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/762/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Structural Studies of Alzheimer’s Disease Amyloid Precursor Prot
 ein Dimers
DTSTART:20141121T010500Z
DTEND:20141121T012500Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-764@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Mike Griffin (Department of Biochemistry and Molecul
 ar Biology\, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute\, The Uni
 versity of Melbourne\, Melbourne\, VIC\, Australia)\, David Ascher (Struct
 ural Biology Laboratory and ACRF Rational Drug Discovery Centre\, St Vince
 nt's Institute of Medical Research\, Melbourne\, VIC\, Australia)\, Gabrie
 lla Crespi (Structural Biology Laboratory and ACRF Rational Drug Discovery
  Centre\, St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research\, Melbourne\, VIC\, A
 ustralia)\, Luke Miles (Structural Biology Laboratory and ACRF Rational Dr
 ug Discovery Centre\, St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research\, Univers
 ity of Melbourne\, Melbourne\, VIC\, Australia)\, Michael Parker (Structur
 al Biology Laboratory and ACRF Rational Drug Discovery Centre\, St Vincent
 's Institute of Medical Research\, University of Melbourne\, Melbourne\, V
 IC\, Australia)\, Chen Gao (Structural Biology Laboratory and ACRF Rationa
 l Drug Discovery Centre\, St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research\, Uni
 versity of Melbourne\, Melbourne\, Vic\, Australia)\n\nAmyloid precursor p
 rotein (APP) is a type-I transmembrane protein with a large ectodomain (sA
 PP)\, a single transmembrane domain and a cytoplasmic tail. It is cleaved 
 by beta- and gamma-secretases to generate amyloid-β (Aβ)\, a neurotoxic 
 peptide implicated in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). APP dimerisation is clos
 ely linked to Aβ overproduction. It is also implicated in APP signalling 
 as APP is proposed to be membrane receptor. There are four potential dimer
 isation sites in APP\, three of which are located in the sAPP region. Howe
 ver\, the mechanism of APP dimerisation remains unclear. Understanding APP
  dimerisation mechanisms at the molecular level will not only provide insi
 ghts into how APP signals but also have therapeutic implications. Several 
 factors are found to regulate APP proteolysis in vivo. To test their impac
 t on sAPP dimerisation\, we used in vitro techniques including ThermoFluor
 \, analytical ultracentrifugation and multi-angle light scattering. We fou
 nd certain metals and sugars synergistically drive sAPP dimerisation\, whi
 ch is associated with conformational changes and increased stability. This
  discovery has led to the successful crystallisation of sAPP in its dimeri
 c forms. The identities of metal ions were confirmed using anomalous diffe
 rence Fourier maps. Key features underlying sAPP dimer formation are clear
 ly demonstrated in the structure. Together with results from the solution 
 studies\, the crystal structure has provided a leap forward in understandi
 ng the mechanism of APP dimerisation and its pathogenic and functional imp
 lications. The structure will be used to discover inhibitors of APP dimeri
 sation and Aβ overproduction as possible AD therapeutics.\n\nhttps://even
 ts.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/764/
LOCATION:Oliphant Auditorium
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/764/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:A Two-pronged Attack: Dual Inhibition of Plasmodium falciparum M1 
 and M17 Metalloaminopeptidases by a Novel Series of Hydroxamic acid-based 
 Inhibitors.
DTSTART:20141121T004500Z
DTEND:20141121T010500Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-765@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Sheena McGowan (Monash University)\, Peter Scammells
  (Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences)\, Vicky Avery (Griffith Uni
 versity)\, Alessandro Paiardini (Sapienza Universita di Roma)\, Sabine Fle
 tcher (Griffith University)\, Sasdekumar Loganathan (Griffith University)\
 , Komagal Sivaraman (Monash University)\, Chiara Ruggeri (Monash universit
 y)\, Shailesh Mistry (Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences)\, Nyssa
  Drinkwater (Monash University)\n\nMalaria is caused by parasites of the g
 enus Plasmodium\, with Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) causing the most deaths.
  The prevention and treatment of Pf malaria is becoming increasingly diffi
 cult due to the spread of drug resistant parasites. New therapeutics with 
 a novel mode of action are desperately required. Two Plasmodium falciparum
  aminopeptidases\, PfA-M1 and PfA-M17\, play crucial roles in the erythroc
 ytic stage of infection\, and have been validated as potential antimalaria
 l targets. Using compound-bound crystal structures of both enzymes\, we we
 re able to identify key similarities and differences in the mechanism of i
 nhibitor binding by PfA-M1 versus PfA-M17\, which we exploited to design i
 nhibitors capable of potently inhibiting both enzymes. The resultant hydro
 xamic acid-based inhibitors represent the first compounds capable of poten
 t dual inhibition of both PfA-M1 and PfA-M17. The compounds additionally p
 ossess nanomolar activity against 3D7 malaria parasites and no observable 
 cytotoxicity\, and are therefore extremely attractive lead molecules for f
 urther development into antimalarial therapeutics with a novel mode of act
 ion.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/765/
LOCATION:Oliphant Auditorium
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/765/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Enantionmeric Separation Using Entangled Coordination Polymers
DTSTART:20141120T063000Z
DTEND:20141120T080000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-766@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Chadin Kulsing (Monash)\, Yada Nolvachai (Monash)\, 
 Philip Marriott (Monash)\, Chris Hawes (Monash)\, Stephanie Boer (Monash U
 niversity)\, David Turner (Monash University)\n\nChiral coordination polym
 ers\, using ligands that contain large aromatic cores have been used to sy
 nthesize a series of polycatenanes and a polyrotaxane\, by virtue of π in
 teractions involving metallomacrocyclic motifs\, including interpenetrated
  networks that have been used as stationary phases to obtain excellent ena
 ntiomeric resolution in liquid-chromatographic separations.\nA series of d
 icarboxylate ligands\, in which amino acids are appended to naphthalene- o
 r perylene-diimides\, have been used to readily impart chirality into coor
 dination polymers.  A repeating structural motif\, in which dinuclear meta
 l clusters are bridged by two ligands to form a metallomacrocycle with a s
 eparation of ca. 7 Å between opposing aromatic faces – an ideal distanc
 e for hosting an aromatic guest. This motif has been exploited to form pol
 ycatenanes\, through self-complementary association of the metallomacrocyc
 les\, and a 1D→3D polyrotaxane when using a 4\,4’-bipyridyl co-ligand 
 as a linear thread.\nTwo 2D→3D interpenetrated materials have been shown
  to act as efficient stationary phases for enantioselective separations in
  small-scale testing with 1-phenylethanol\, pantolactone and limonene.  Th
 e separation activity of the material is much greater than that of the fre
 e ligand alone.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions
 /766/
LOCATION:NCSS Exhibition Area
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/766/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:A New and Novel Approach to the Formation of Metal-Metal Bonded Co
 mplexes using “Inorganic Grignard Reagents”
DTSTART:20141120T063000Z
DTEND:20141120T080000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-767@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Cameron Jones (Monash University)\, Jamie Hicks (Mon
 ash University)\n\nThe synthesis\, structure\, bonding and reactivity of m
 olecular compounds containing unusual metal-metal bonds continues to be a 
 topic of considerable interest. We have added to this field by utilising e
 xtremely bulky monodentate amido ligands for the stabilisation of a number
  of low oxidation state transition metal complexes\, of which some have sh
 own reactivity comparable to that of the classical Grignard Reagent.\n\nTh
 ese complexes were initially prepared from the reduction of amido metal ha
 lide precursors (LMX) (L = bulky amido ligand\; M = transition metal\, X =
  a halide) with the novel magnesium(I) reducing agent [{(MesNacnac)Mg}2]. 
 Using bulky ligands\, this reduction step often yields the formation of a 
 low coordinate transition metal(I) dimer (LMML). However\, by using extrem
 ely bulky ligands\, the formation of the dimer is unfavourable and a numbe
 r of novel LM-Mg(MesNacnac) heterobimetallic complexes can instead be isol
 ated. These unprecedented complexes contain the first examples of a number
  of metal-metal bonds\, such as manganese-magnesium and zinc-magnesium.\n\
 nThe metal-magnesium bonded compounds have shown to act as “inorganic Gr
 ignard Reagents” in reactions with a number of metal(I) and metal(II) ha
 lide complexes\, in which their LM fragments are transferred onto other me
 tal centres. This novel reactivity is still being investigated but has alr
 eady allowed access to number of previously inaccessible hetero-bimetallic
  and even trimetallic complexes. All aforementioned complexes were structu
 rally characterised by X-ray crystallography using the Australian Synchrot
 ron MX beamlines.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributio
 ns/767/
LOCATION:NCSS Exhibition Area
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/767/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Targeting DsbD from Neisseria meningitidis for the development of 
 new anti-Neisserial agents
DTSTART:20141120T063000Z
DTEND:20141120T080000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-768@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Begona Heras (La Trobe University)\, Martin Scanlon 
 (Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences)\, Martin Williams (Monash In
 situte of Pharmaceutical Sciences)\, Roxanne Smith (PhD student)\n\nThe la
 ck of antibiotic development coupled with the rapid increase of resistance
  to antibiotics in bacteria\, has led to a situation described as an ‘al
 arming public health crisis’(1). Multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacteria are
  becoming a significant problem because some bacterial strains cannot be t
 reated with our current strongest and last resort antibiotics. There is an
  urgent need to develop alternative strategies to combat bacterial infecti
 ons. Two MDR bacteria are Neisseria meningitidis\, the causative agent of 
 meningitis\, and Neisseria gonorrhoeae\, the causative agent of gonorrhoea
 . The overall aim of this work is to develop a narrow spectrum antibiotic 
 against N. meningitidis. The biological target: NmDsbD\, is a disulfide bo
 nd (Dsb) reductase that is required for the viability of N. meningitidis (
 2). NmDsbD is membrane bound and consists of three redox active domains: t
 wo are periplasmic domains\, n-NmDsbD and c-NmDsbD\, which flank the trans
 membrane domain\, t-NmDsbD. In this work we solved the crystal structures 
 of n-NmDsbD and c-NmDsbD\, and have briefly investigated the interaction b
 etween these two domains. A fragment-based drug design approach was also u
 sed to identify small molecules that bind both n-NmDsbD and c-NmDsbD. \n\n
 1.    Boucher\, H. W.\, et al. (2009) Bad bugs\, no drugs: no ESKAPE! An u
 pdate from the Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clinical infectious
  diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of 
 America 48\, 1-12\n2.    Kumar\, P.\, et al. (2011) Characterization of Ds
 bD in Neisseria meningitidis. Molecular microbiology 79\, 1557-1573\n\nhtt
 ps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/768/
LOCATION:NCSS Exhibition Area
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/768/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Chemical Crystallography at the Australian Synchrotron MX Beamline
 s
DTSTART:20141120T045000Z
DTEND:20141120T051000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-769@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Rachel Williamson (Australian Synchrotron)\, Alan Ri
 boldi-Tunnicliffe (Australian Synchrotron)\, Santosh Panjikar (Australian 
 Synchrotron)\, Stephen Harrop (Australian Synchrotron)\, Daniel Eriksson (
 Australian Synchrotron)\, David Aragao (Australian Synchrotron)\, Tom Cara
 doc-Davies (Australian Synchrotron.)\, Jason Price (Australian Synchrotron
 )\n\nThe Macromolecular Crystallography (MX) Beamlines at the Australian S
 ynchrotron collect data on protein samples (PX) and chemical samples (CX).
  This broad range of sample types requires us to consider a number of expe
 rimental and data processing considerations. Protein samples have very lar
 ge unit cells but diffract weakly\, the chemical samples on the other hand
  have comparatively a very small unit cell\, diffract much more strongly a
 nd to higher resolution. From an experimental point of view\, this require
 s substantially different geometrical considerations which can be handled 
 by changing the energy of the monochromated X-rays and detector distance. 
 Another consideration is detector type\, the detectors at the MX beamlines
  are from the Area Detector Systems Corporation (ADSC) and they have gener
 ally been used for PX data collections.\nAs the detectors have mainly been
  used for PX work\, the software for sample handling has also been develop
 ed with PX considerations rather than CX. For example\, the XDS software f
 or space group determinations is set by default to assume that the space g
 roup is only ever one of the 65 space groups that don’t contain mirror\,
  inversion or glide operations. Another area of interest is the way data s
 caling (absorption) is handled. The data is often scaled with PX data for 
 a number of reasons\, with the most common scaling of data is due to the p
 revalence of radiation damage to the samples. By contrast the most common 
 form of scaling for CX data is for sample anisotropy in strong absorbers.\
 n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/769/
LOCATION:Oliphant Auditorium
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/769/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Correlating morphology and device physics of high open circuit vol
 tage\, low-band gap all polymer solar cell using various characterization 
 tools.
DTSTART:20141120T063000Z
DTEND:20141120T080000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-770@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Christopher McNeill (Monash University)\, Scott Watk
 ins (CSIRO)\, Justin Hodgkiss (Victoria University of Wellington)\, Lars T
 homsen (Australian Synchrotron)\, Kane O'Donnell (Curtin University\, Bent
 ley)\, Joseph Gallaher (Victoria University of Wellington\, NewZealand)\, 
 Amelia Liu (MCEM)\, Tianshi Qin (CSIRO)\, Eliot Gaan (Australian Synchrotr
 on)\, Kedar Deshmukh (Monash University)\n\nThe microstructure and device 
 physics of photovoltaic polymer blends based on the donor polymer BFS4 (a 
 dithienyl-benzo[1\,2- b:4\,5-b]dithiophene / 5-fluoro-2\,1\,3-benzothiadia
 zole co-polymer) paired with the naphthalene diimide-based acceptor polyme
 r P(NDI2OD-T2) will be presented. Efficiencies of over 4% are demonstrated
 \, with an open circuit voltage of greater than 0.9 V achieved. Near-edge 
 x-ray absorption fine-structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy and atomic force mic
 roscopy (AFM) measurements reveal that the top surface of BFS4:P(NDI2OD-T2
 ) blends is covered with a pure BFS4 capping layer. XPS Depth profiling me
 asurements confirm this vertical phase separation with a surface-directed 
 spinodal decomposition wave observed. Grazing-incidence wide-angle x-ray s
 cattering (GIWAXS) measurements confirm that BFS4 and P(NDI2OD-T2) are sem
 icrystalline with both polymers retaining their semicrystalline nature whe
 n blended. Transmission electron microscopy reveals a relatively coarse ph
 ase-separated morphology\, with elongated domains up to 200 nm in width. P
 hotoluminescence spectroscopy reveals incomplete photoluminescence quenchi
 ng with as much as 30% of excitons failing to reach a donor/acceptor inter
 face Addition of DIO as solvent improves the fill factor of the devices fr
 om 0.46 to 0.54\, thus improving the overall efficiency from 3.9% to 4.5%.
  Effect of addition of DIO in the neat polymers and blends is also studied
  using NEXAFS and GIWAXS techniques. NEXAFS and GIWAXS measurements were p
 erformed at the Australian Synchrotron\, Soft X-ray and SAXS/WAXS beamline
 s respectively.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions
 /770/
LOCATION:NCSS Exhibition Area
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/770/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Probing Film Morphology and Surface Microstructure of Semiconducti
 ng Polymers with GIWAXS and NEXAFS
DTSTART:20141120T032000Z
DTEND:20141120T034000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-771@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Chris McNeill (Monash University)\, Lars Thomsen (Au
 stralian Synchrotron)\, Eliot Gann (Australian Synchrotron)\, Masrur Morsh
 ed Nahid (Monash University)\n\nIn making organic electronics a reality\, 
 donor-acceptor based semiconducting polymers will play a pivotal role. The
  molecular packing\, orientation and crystallinity of semiconducting polym
 er thin-films strongly influence the performance of organic electronic dev
 ices. Grazing Incidence Wide-Angle X-ray Scattering (GIWAXS) collected at 
 the SAXS/WAXS beamline has been used to probe the molecular packing and re
 lative crystallinity of polymer thin films\; while Near Edge X-ray Absorpt
 ion Fine Structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy at the soft X-ray beamline has be
 en used to probe the microstructure and molecular orientation of film-surf
 aces. A novel polymer  BFS4  is studied\, which is based on a dithienyl-be
 nzo[1\,2-b’:4\,5-b’]dithiophene as a donor-unit and 5-fluoro-2\,1\,3-b
 enzothiadiazole as an acceptor-unit. GIWAXS reveals that the crystallites 
 are in a mixture of orientations where the in-plane alkyl-chain stacking d
 istance is 2.17 ± 0.01 nm and out-of-plane π-stacking distance is 0.385 
 ± 0.005 nm. Coherence lengths are measured to be 15 ± 2 nm and 2.6 ± 0.
 2 nm respectively. Two different types of solution processing methods show
  differing crystallinity\, which can be correlated directly to their respe
 ctive transistor charge transport properties. NEXAFS reveals a mixture of 
 edge-on and face-on orientations of the molecular planes\, and the same or
 ientational preference is confirmed. NEXAFS additionally reveals the relat
 ive orientation of the donor and acceptor units of the backbone of this no
 vel polymer\, probing backbone planarity directly.\n\nhttps://events.synch
 rotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/771/
LOCATION:NCSS Seminar Room
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/771/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Dual Energy X-ray Analysis Using Synchrotron Computed Tomography a
 t 35–60 keV
DTSTART:20141121T010500Z
DTEND:20141121T012500Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-772@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Nanette Schleich (Department of Radiation Therapy\, 
 University of Otago Wellington\, New Zealand\,)\, Stewart Midgley (School 
 of Physics\, Monash University)\n\nDual energy X-ray analysis (DEXA) uses 
 CT measurements of the X-ray linear attenuation coefficient at two photon 
 energies to characterise materials\; electron density and statistical meas
 ure of elemental composition\, related to the concept of effective atomic 
 number.\n \nPhantoms were prepared as liquid samples of known density and 
 composition including ethanol-water mixtures and salt solutions (NaCl\, Na
 H2PO4\, MgCl2\, MgSO4\, KCl\, KH2PO4 and CaCl2). The phantoms and an ex-vi
 vo laboratory animal underwent mono-energetic CT at 35–60 keV using the 
 Australian Synchrotron Imaging and Medical beamline and a CCD camera optic
 ally coupled to a luminescent screen.\n\nThe CT data for the phantoms prov
 ided coefficients that describe attenuation as measured by the beamline\, 
 and expressed as elemental cross-sections. The phantom data underwent DEXA
 \, and the accuracy of the analysis was quantified as a function of mean b
 eam energy\, dual energy separation\, and elemental composition. The CT da
 ta for ex-vivo samples was spatially co-registered\, subjected to DEXA\, a
 nd the results were used to create volumetric maps representing the X-ray 
 linear attenuation coefficients and energy absorption coefficients for pho
 ton energies of 10 keV to 10 MeV.\n\nThe DEXA technique was successfully d
 emonstrated using samples of known density and composition\, and factors t
 hat affect accuracy were identified. An important application of the metho
 d\, the prediction of photon interaction coefficients at other beam energi
 es for attenuation correction and radiation dose calculations\, was invest
 igated for the biological specimen.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/e
 vent/3/contributions/772/
LOCATION:Conference Room AS
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/772/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Absolute Dosimetry using a Graphite Calorimeter on the Imaging and
  Medical Beamline at the Australian Synchrotron
DTSTART:20141120T045000Z
DTEND:20141120T051000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-773@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Viliami Takau (ARPANSA)\, Tracy Wright (ARPANSA)\, D
 uncan Butler (ARPANSA)\, Christopher Hall (Australian Synchrotron)\, Andre
 w Stevenson (Australian Synchrotron/ CSIRO)\, Ganesan Ramanathan (ARPANSA)
 \, Peter Harty (ARPANSA)\n\nIn 2012-13\, the Australian Synchrotron instal
 led a superconducting multi-pole wiggler (SCMPW) on the imaging and medica
 l beamline (IMBL) with the intention of future preclinical radiotherapy tr
 ials.  Before moving to such trials\, accurate knowledge of the dose deliv
 ered is required to calibrate the secondary dosimeters in regular use.  Wh
 en this is resolved\, clinical use of the Australian Synchrotron will be c
 loser to reality. \nThe dose rate achievable on the IMBL is in the range 1
 0 Gy/s to 10 kGy/s\, depending on the SCMPW magnetic field\, the filtratio
 n set and the distance of the measurement rooms (or hutches) from the phot
 on source.  High-dose-rate dosimetry is challenging with detectors such as
  free-air ionization chambers (FAC)\, due to the high ion-recombination co
 rrections required.  An absolute method of dose determination is required 
 and one such method is graphite calorimetry\, which is based on the temper
 ature rise in graphite when irradiated.  In this meth-od\, the temperature
  is measured by a calibrated thermistor embedded in the calorimeter graphi
 te core.  The ab-sorbed dose from the irradiation is determined from the p
 roduct of the temperature rise and the specific heat capacity of graphite\
 , corrected for the ratio of graphite core area to beam area.\nResults wil
 l be presented for measurements in hutches 1B\, 2B and 3B\, where the dose
  rates presently vary from 20 Gy/s to 3000 Gy/s.  Comparisons with a free-
 air chamber and calculated dose rates will be presented.\n\nhttps://events
 .synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/773/
LOCATION:Conference Room AS
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/773/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Structure characterization of the Chlamydomonas reinhardtii magnes
 ium chelatase GUN4 and H subunits by small-angle X-ray scattering
DTSTART:20141120T063000Z
DTEND:20141120T080000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-774@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Robert Willows (Macquarie University)\, Anthony Duff
  (ANSTO)\, shabnam Tarahi Tabrizi (macquarie university)\n\nThe magnesium 
 chelatase enzyme catalyses the ATP dependent insertion of Mg+ in to protop
 orphyrin IX(PPIX) in the first step of the chlorophyll biosynthesis pathwa
 y consists three different protein subunits ChlI ChlD and ChlH. The GUN4 p
 rotein is a regulatory subunit of Mg-chelatase that binds the chlorophyll 
 biosynthesis intermediates\, PPIX and Mg protoporphyrin(Mg-PPIX)\, stimula
 tes Mg chelatase activity\, and is implicated in developmental signaling p
 athway between the chloroplast and nucleus. ChlH is the largest subunit of
  Mg-chelatase which also binds both PPIX substrate and the Mg-PPIX product
 . GUN4 appears to participate in a plastid-to-nucleus signalling pathway p
 ossibly through regulating Mg-PPIX synthesis or trafficking. Unlike the cy
 anobacterial GUN4\, the chloroplastic orthologous have an extra C-terminal
  domain that is phosphorylated and is required for magnesium chelatase act
 ivity. We have determined the low resolution solution structure of GUN4 \,
  H and the GUN4-H-PPIX complex at ~20 A°\, by using (SAXS) small-angle x-
 ray scattering and can report that the GUN4 protein has a more elongated s
 tructure compared to the cyanobacterial protein. Furthermore\, The SAXS st
 ructure of the GUN4-H-PPIX complex is similar to the SAXS structure of H s
 ubunit suggesting that GUN4–PPIX may attach somewhere inside the cage sh
 ape structure of H subunit to form a complex.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotro
 n.org.au/event/3/contributions/774/
LOCATION:NCSS Exhibition Area
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/774/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:The effect of increasing radiation doses on normal & malignant cel
 l migration
DTSTART:20141120T063000Z
DTEND:20141120T080000Z
DTSTAMP:20260916T005500Z
UID:indico-contribution-775@events.synchrotron.org.au
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Peter Rogers (University of Melbourne)\, Yuqing Yang
  (University of Melbourne)\, Mohammed Ibahim (University of Melbourne)\, C
 ameron Nowell (Monash University Parkville)\, Camden Lo (Monash Microscopy
  Institute)\, Elizabeth Kyriakou (University of Melbourne)\, Jeff Crosbie 
 (University of Melbourne)\n\nThe aim of the project is to investigate how 
 normal and malignant cell migration is influenced\nby conventional radioth
 erapy doses as well as by experimental treatments such as microbeam\nradia
 tion therapy (MRT). Radiation-induced tumor cell migration is a recognized
  phenomenon\nthat can occur when cells are sub-lethally irradiated. Our gr
 oup previously demonstrated that\ntumor cells showed extensive migration 2
 4 hours post-MRT.\nWe irradiated well chamber slides containing cultured n
 ormal and malignant cells with a range of doses (2\, 5\, 10Gy) using a\nco
 nventional\, Cobalt- 60 source. We used time-lapse microscopy (live cell i
 maging) and image processing techniques to track fluorescently-labelled ce
 lls for up to 24 hrs post-RT.\nStatistical analysis of the live cell micro
 scopy data showed there was a notable change in the vector displacement wh
 en cells were irradiated with increasing doses of conventional radiation. 
 The observed changes in cell movement may be due to asynchronous cell cycl
 ing and proliferation\, subsequently dampened with increasing dosages of r
 adiation. We noted a bi-phasic response in some cases with the initial ‘
 hit’ of radiation generating an immediate response which switches over t
 o a longer-term response when the damage finally takes its toll on the cel
 ls and they slow\ndown to die.\nThe cells’ migratory capacity was clearl
 y affected or modulated by the conventional\nradiation doses. This modulat
 ion could be important for MRT studies since the low\, ‘valley’ dose m
 ay leave cells sub-lethally irradiated.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.
 au/event/3/contributions/775/
LOCATION:NCSS Exhibition Area
URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/3/contributions/775/
END:VEVENT
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