BEGIN:VCALENDAR VERSION:2.0 PRODID:-//CERN//INDICO//EN BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Post-HIPing of Transparent Polycrystalline Alumina Ceramics Prepar ed by Pulsed Electric Current Sintering DTSTART:20171206T035000Z DTEND:20171206T041500Z DTSTAMP:20261017T024200Z UID:indico-contribution-1000@events.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Itaru Masuoka (Kobe Steel Ltd.)\, Huu Hien Nguyen (N agaoka University of technology)\, Makoto Nanko (Nagaoka University of Tec hnology)\n\nTransparent polycrystalline alumina (TPA) ceramics have been u sed in optical devices such as optical windows and high efficiency lumps. They have been produced with sintering process with advanced fine alumina powder. Pulsed electric current sintering (PECS)\, which is also so-call ed spark plasma sintering (SPS)\, is useful for producing TPA ceramics. H owever\, transparency of TPA ceramics produced by using PECS is still lowe r than the single crystalline alumina. As well\, carbon contamination in TPA ceramics makes darker in color. Heat treatments in air for TPA cerami cs decreases their transparency. This phenomenon is explained as formatio n of microscopic cracks by heat treatments. Because hot isostatic process (HIP) is useful to remove fine closed pores in sintered materials with cl osed pores\, HIP may be effective to increase transparency of TPA produced by PECS. In the present report\, post-HIPing process of TPA ceramics pro duced with PECS was described.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/ 47/contributions/1000/ URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1000/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Heat Treatment of PM parts by Hot Isostatic Pressing DTSTART:20171206T070000Z DTEND:20171206T090000Z DTSTAMP:20261017T024200Z UID:indico-contribution-1007@events.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Magnus Ahlfors (Quintus technologies AB)\, ANDERS EK LUND (QUINTUS TECHNOLOGIES AB)\n\nPowder Metallurgy is a competitive metho d vs forgings and castings\, when it comes to cost effectiveness manufactu ring of complex parts or alloy systems prone to cracking during heat treat ment.\nBy applying a Heat Treatment step in the HIP\, due to the use of hi gh pressure during the HT-step\, it opens up new possibilities for to impr ove the strength\, ductility and especially the fatigue properties of the material and residual stresses will also be eliminated.\n\nToday\, it is p ossible to combine HIPing and heat treatment in a specifically designed HI P equipped with Uniform Rapid Quenching (URQ®) or Uniform Rapid Cooling ( URC®). This paper will describe the process and benefits of HIP of PM par ts together with the possibilities and advantages of combining the HIP pro cess and heat treatment in a Rapid Cool HIP.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron .org.au/event/47/contributions/1007/ URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1007/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:HIP technology enable ceramic manufacturers to control material pr operties and increase productivity. DTSTART:20171207T035500Z DTEND:20171207T042000Z DTSTAMP:20261017T024200Z UID:indico-contribution-1010@events.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Magnus Ahlfors (Quintus Technologies AB)\, ANDERS EK LUND (QUINTUS TECHNOLOGIES AB)\n\nHot isostatic pressing (HIP) technology has been known for more than 50 years\, and is considered today as being a standard production route for many applications. The HIP process applies high pressure (50-200 MPa) and high temperature (400-2\,000°C) to the ext erior surface of parts via an inert gas (e.g.\, argon or nitrogen). The el evated temperature and pressure cause sub-surface voids to be eliminated t hrough a combination of plastic flow and diffusion. The challenge is to re ach the highest possible theoretical density while maintaining productivit y goals.\n\nUniform rapid cooling is a process by which thin-walled pre-st ressed wire-wound HIP units increase productivity up to 70% compared with natural cooling\, and increase the density to ~ 100% of theoretical densit y for many alloys. The added cost to reach this density is around $0.20-0. 30/kg for a large production HIP system\, depending on the material.\n\nht tps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1010/ URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1010/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIP) of Castings to Improve Quality and Ma terial Properties DTSTART:20171206T070000Z DTEND:20171206T090000Z DTSTAMP:20261017T024200Z UID:indico-contribution-1008@events.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Magnus Ahlfors (Quintus Technologies AB)\, ANDERS EK LUND (QUINTUS TECHNOLOGIES AB)\n\nHot Isostatic Pressing\, HIP\, is a meth od to apply a high pressure\, typically 7\,500 – 30\,000 psi\, at elevat ed temperatures\, typically 700F up to 4000F\, to eliminated voids in the material\, like pores and gas bubbles\, for increased material properties\ , i.e fatigue\, tensile strength and elongation\, and remove cracks and to reduce scrap.\n\nAnother advantage with HIP is the heat treatment that ca n be performed at high pressure\, compared with traditional sintering and annealing methods where you either have lowered pressure in vacuum sinteri ng or annealing furnaces where you operate at 1 atm. Even furnaces with sl ightly increased pressure like sinter-HIPs\, the applied pressure is typic ally 700 psi\, the advantages reached at higher pressures are far better.\ n\nFor example\, the scatter of data is dramatically reduced\, the rapid q uenching in a HIP gives less distortion and lowers residual stresses so th e material can be machined without intermediate stress relief heat treatme nt.\n\nThis paper will present the results from HIPing and heat treatment of Aluminium castings\, where the material properties are significantly im proved\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1008/ URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1008/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Prediction of the influence of non-homogeneous powder distribution on hot isostatically pressed components combining discrete element method and finite element analysis DTSTART:20171208T033500Z DTEND:20171208T040000Z DTSTAMP:20261017T024200Z UID:indico-contribution-973@events.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Khamis Essa (University of Birmingham)\, Miren Arist izabal (University of Birmingham)\, Alessandro Abena (University of Birmin gham)\n\nThe non-uniform shrinkage of the tool/canister under hot isostati c pressing (HIP) condition is influenced by many factors\, among which the powder relative density distribution seems to have a strong effect. Pred iction of the final tool deformation is fundamental for canister design in order to meet dimensional tolerances of final component. To this end\, nu merical approaches represent a promising alternative to the expensive iter ative experimental trials. Researches up to date are generally based on fi nite element analysis where a uniform powder relative density distribution is assigned over the whole mesh domain. In this study the Discrete Elemen t Method (DEM) has been employed to simulate Ti-6Al-4V powder filling and pre-consolidation process allowing modelling the powder as single individu al entities. A Finite Element Model (FEM) has been developed to simulate the HIP process\, where the relative density distribution assigned to each element has been calculated from the final powder configuration obtained by DEM. Moreover\, experimental work has been carried out validating the p owder filling phase in terms of filling time\, angle of repose of powder a nd powder relative density distribution\, and the influence of the initial powder distribution on the tool shrinkage. Comparison between experimenta l and numerical results shows the capacity of the numerical method to pred ict the canister shrinkage and the results strongly suggest that it is nec essary to take into account the inhomogeneous powder distribution inside t he canister.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/9 73/ URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/973/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Capsule-free HIP of Water Atomised Steel Powder through CIP DTSTART:20171206T050000Z DTEND:20171206T052500Z DTSTAMP:20261017T024200Z UID:indico-contribution-974@events.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Lars Nyborg (Chalmers University of Technology)\, Si gurd Berg (Höganäs AB)\, Eduard Hryha (Chalmers University of Technology )\, Magnus Ahlfors (Quintus Technologies AB)\, Maheswaran Vattur Sundaram (Chalmers University of Technology)\n\nWater-atomised powder metallurgical (PM) steels offer cost-effective solutions for structural components and are typically processed through the ‘press and sinter’ route. Utilizin g these steels for high performance applications requires further improvem ent of their mechanical performance. This requires increased density as co mpared to that achieved via the conventional uniaxial pressing and sinteri ng route. The present study demonstrates the prospect of employing cold is ostatic pressing (CIP) to achieve enhanced densification for iron and Cr-a lloyed powder grades without using lubricant. It was shown that higher gre en densities can be achieved after CIP in comparison with uniaxial pressin g for equivalent nominal pressures for both powder grades studied\; with a gain of about 0.3 g/cm3 obtained at 600 MPa. In addition\, the homogeneou s densification eliminates low-density (neutral) zone otherwise obtained i n the centre of uniaxial compacted components with large height to diamete r ratio. As a consequence\, significantly larger components are supposed t o be possible than by means of conventional press and sinter. The sinterin g of CIP compacts at 1250°C for 1 hour resulted in surface pore closure w hich enabled subsequent full densification using capsule-free HIP process. The results suggest that using cost-effective water atomised powder grad es and eliminating the necessity of capsule for HIP offers the potential o f realizing new PM products\, in particular with regards to manufacture of medium-sized net-shape PM components.\n\nKeywords: PM Steels\, CIP\, wate r atomised powders\, capsule free HIP\, full density\n\nhttps://events.syn chrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/974/ URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/974/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Controlled uniform load cooling in production scale HIP equipment DTSTART:20171206T213500Z DTEND:20171206T220000Z DTSTAMP:20261017T024200Z UID:indico-contribution-976@events.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Carlo Verbraeken (Engineered Pressure Systems Intern ational NV)\, Gary Nelson (Engineered Pressure Systems Inc.)\, Maxime Pauw els (Engineered Pressure Systems International NV)\, Pierre Colman (Engine ered Pressure Systems International NV)\n\nSeveral aspects of load cooling in a production HIP unit have been widely tackled in the last 40 years.\n \nThe aim of this paper is to make an overview of the required cooling typ es applied to typical metallurgical applications available for industrial HIP users.\n\nBoth electronic controls and furnace & heat shield design ha ve progressed in order to fulfill this demand\, while considering the econ omic aspects of the HIP treated products.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.or g.au/event/47/contributions/976/ URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/976/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Toughness of duplex steel produced by PM-HIP DTSTART:20171207T221500Z DTEND:20171207T224000Z DTSTAMP:20261017T024200Z UID:indico-contribution-977@events.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Christoph Broeckmann (IWM\, RWTH Aachen University\, Germany)\n\nComponents produced by PM-HIP from corrosion resistent steels with a ferritic-austenitic duplex microstructure are widely used in offsh ore-applications and in the chemical industry. In most of these applicatio ns high toughness – particular at low temperatures – is a mandatory re quirement. In contrast to austenitic steels\, tough-ness of duplex steel s hows a temperature dependent transistion from ductile to britt-le behaviou r. While PM-HIP duplex steels mostly have superior strength and corrosion resistance compared to conventionally produced grades\, the toughness issu e often leads to discussions.\nIn this contribution the most important inf luencing factors for the toughness of duplex steels will be discussed exam plarily at grade AISI 2205. Focus will be given to two major aspects: the embrittlement by σ-phase and the embrittlement caused by residual argon p ores. While the formation of σ-phase depends on the cooling rate in the H IP vessel\, argon porosity can either be caused by insufficient evaporatio n prior to HIP or small leakages in the capsule. Toughness will be discuss ed in terms of Charpy tests\, taking into account the notch radius as addi tional parameter. The macroscopic results will be reflected by investigati ons of the microstructure. Tough-ness of PM-HIP steel will be compared to appropriate conventionally produced grades.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron. org.au/event/47/contributions/977/ URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/977/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Precise prediction of near net shape HIP components through DEM an d FEM modelling DTSTART:20171208T040000Z DTEND:20171208T042500Z DTSTAMP:20261017T024200Z UID:indico-contribution-978@events.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Christoph Broeckmann (RWTH Aachen University\, Insti tute for Materials Applications in Mechanical Engineering\, IWM)\, Alexand er Bezold (RWTH Aachen University\, Institute for Materials Applications i n Mechanical Engineering\, IWM)\, Anke Kaletsch (RWTH Aachen University\, Institute for Materials Applications in Mechanical Engineering\, IWM)\, Ma rko Hajeck (RWTH Aachen University\, Institute for Materials Applications in Mechanical Engineering\, IWM)\, Yuanbin Deng (RWTH Aachen University\, Institute for Materials Applications in Mechanical Engineering\, IWM)\n\nI n Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIP) of metal powder\, anisotropic shrinkage of the capsule induced by inhomogeneity of the initial powder filling density determines the reproducible realization of small geometrical allowances. This becomes a detrimental factor in the manufacturing of near-net-shape c omponents due to their high requirements of the final shape accuracy. This challenge can be solved by precisely predicting and controlling the shrin kage with respect to the filling density via numerical simulation. Using a Discrete-Element-Method (DEM) script\, a two-dimensional initial powder d ensity distribution on the component cross section is simulated. After bei ng validated by experimental results from metallographic examination\, the calculated powder density distribution is assigned as the initial relativ e densities in a Finite-Element (FE) model. An in-house developed user def ined material model Subroutine (UMAT)\, which considers both instantaneous plasticity at lower temperatures and rate dependent plasticity at higher temperatures\, is utilized in the frame of ABAQUS for the simulation. In a ddition\, both the gravity and the friction between the capsule and the su pport are also taken into account in the simulation\, as these two factors are not negligible in an industrial-scale HIP-process. The preliminary ex perimental validation using pre-prototype component reveals that the shrin kage induced shape changes during HIP can be accurately predicted by sever al virtual iterative simulations. Furthermore\, the influences of local de nsity distribution\, gravity and friction force during HIP are also invest igated. In summary\, the developed simulation method demonstrates high acc uracy in HIP component shape prediction and can be easily applied to desig n HIP capsules for large and complex components.\n\n**Innovative Aspects:* *\n\n•The DEM simulation shows the feasibility to simulate the powder di stribution inside a capsule taking into account the individual filling con figurations and procedures. \n\n•The FE-Model is improved with the addit ion of gravity and friction forces to the driving force for deformation du ring HIP.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/978/ URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/978/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Fabrication of diamond/SiC composites using HIP from the mixtures of diamond and Si powders DTSTART:20171206T070000Z DTEND:20171206T090000Z DTSTAMP:20261017T024200Z UID:indico-contribution-980@events.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Yoichi Nakamori (Metal Technology Co.\, Ltd)\, Minor u Ueda (Metal Technology Co.\, Ltd)\, Masaki Kato (Doshisha University)\, Ken Hirota (Doshisha University)\, Motoyasu Aoki (Doshisha University)\n\n Fabrication of diamond/SiC=75/25~50/50vol% composites have been tried usin g hot isostatic pressing at 1450°C under 196 MPa for 2 h from the mixture s of diamond and Si powders. The former consisted of bimodal particle size s Ps of 69 and 9.2 µm\, and the latter average Ps of 0.60 µm. They were mixed using an alumina mortar and pestle for 30 min in ethanol thoroughly. After drying\, a small amount of binder was added to the mixed powders an d compacted uniaxially and isostatically (245 MPa). They were pre-heated a t 950°C for 2 h in a vacuum to be densified for easy handling. Calcined m ixed powder compacts wrapped with BN powder were sealed into Pyrex glass p etri dish in a vacuum. They were heated with heating rate of 300°C/h\, be tween room temperature and around 820°C in Ar gas atmosphere of 0.3-0.4 M Pa\, and from 820° to 1450°C with increasing pressure to 196 MPa. Archim edes method to determine the bulk densities revealed that the highest dens ity of 96.7% has been achieved at the composition of diamond/SiC =55/45vol %\, in which composition the diamond content is higher than that (45 vol%) of previous works. SEM observation on the microstructure of composites sh owed a little amount of cleavages at grain boundaries between diamond and SiC\, which might be originated from the volume reduction around 19.3% in the formation of SiC from C + Si during HIPing. However\, with decreasing the content of diamond the cleavages disappeared due to the rearrangement of diamond particles less than 35vol%.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.a u/event/47/contributions/980/ URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/980/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:TeraPi - A 3.5 meter diameter hot zone HIP unit enables HIP:ing of large components DTSTART:20171206T231500Z DTEND:20171206T234000Z DTSTAMP:20261017T024200Z UID:indico-contribution-981@events.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Magnus Ahlfors (Quintus Technologies AB)\, ANDERS EK LUND (QUINTUS TECHNOLOGIES AB)\n\nThe largest HIP unit operated in the wor ld today has a hot zone diameter of 2.05 meters which is very big. However \, there are even bigger components produced that would benefit from a HIP process but which can’t be HIP:ed today because of the size. These comp onents could be large pump house castings for nuclear power plants or larg e circular components for aerospace engines for example.\n\nThis presentat ion will cover which types of components and markets that can benefit from this size of HIP. It will also be explained how it is possible operate a monster HIP like the TeraPi and and the technical concept together with pe rformance details\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributi ons/981/ URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/981/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Novel approaches to densify powder metallurgical materials through hot isostatic pressing DTSTART:20171207T042000Z DTEND:20171207T044500Z DTSTAMP:20261017T024200Z UID:indico-contribution-982@events.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Lars Nyborg (Chalmers University of Technology)\, Ed uard Hryha (Chalmers University of Technology)\, Maheswaran Vattur Sundara m (Chalmers University of Technology)\n\nPowder metallurgical materials us age in high performance applications is limited by the inherent porosity t hat contributes to the inferior properties as compared to the wrought mate rial. Combination of powder metallurgical routes with HIP as a final proce ssing step allows to reach fully dense material. In addition\, recent deve lopment in HIP processes with integration of rapid cooling proved to be an effective in diminishing the processing time and cost. The objective of t his work is to reach closed porosity through different powder metallurgy r outes that can be further HIP: ed without using capsules. Powder metallurg y consolidation methods considered ensure surface densification either thr ough one of the following approaches such as liquid phase sintering\, doub le pressing and double sintering or cold isostatic pressing combined with high temperature sintering. All mentioned above methods bring cost-competi tiveness as components can be densified without any capsules that will imp rove the process timing and cost. All of these methods are based on utilis ation of the water atomised powder that also bring additional cost competi tiveness.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/982/ URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/982/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Tailoring HIP Equipment and Protocols for the Unique Features of MIM DTSTART:20171208T042500Z DTEND:20171208T045000Z DTSTAMP:20261017T024200Z UID:indico-contribution-984@events.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Robert Conaway (1944)\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron. org.au/event/47/contributions/984/ URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/984/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Net Shape HIP Process for the Parts of Rocket Engine Turbopump DTSTART:20171208T003500Z DTEND:20171208T010000Z DTSTAMP:20261017T024200Z UID:indico-contribution-986@events.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Hideo Sunakawa (Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency)\ , Katsuyuki Terada (IHI Scube Co.\,Ltd.)\, Takafumi Kudo (IHI Corporation) \, Rei Mihara (Space Technology Group\, Research & Engineering Div.\, IHI Corporation)\n\nNet Shape HIP (NSHIP) process is a suitable approach for b oth high performance and cost reduction compared to the castings and the m achining of forged materials. We have developed the NSHIP technology in or der to utilize for the LE-9 engine turbopump of H3 rocket which is under d evelopment by JAXA.\nIn this paper\, we show the verification result of ou r modified FEM analysis model which predicts a dimensional change under th e HIP sintering process. With this FEM analysis tool\, we have established the high quality and stable process of manufacturing the LE-9 fuel turbop ump turbine nozzle. We also confirmed that the NSHIP turbine nozzle have e xcellent material properties to meet requirements for the turbopump.\nFrom these results\, we determined to proceed to the next phase of the NSHIP p art development\, the engine testing which is currently performed.\n\nhttp s://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/986/ URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/986/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:RECENT DEVELOPMENTS OF HIP EQUIPMENT IN JAPAN DTSTART:20171206T210000Z DTEND:20171206T213500Z DTSTAMP:20261017T024200Z UID:indico-contribution-987@events.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: MEGUMI KONO (KOBE STEEL\, LTD)\, Katsumi WATANABE (K OBE Steel\, Ltd.)\n\nThe toll services have been increased in the recent J apanese HIP market. This trend leads to larger HIP equipment and shorter c ycle times for productivity improvement. In addition\, longer life cycle o f pressure vessels are demanded to reduce the costs in conformance with th e requirements of the relevant laws and regulations of Japan. \nTo meet such demands\, the HIP equipment with a new rapid cooling system has been developed and the first product was delivered. This new cooling system ens ures a rapid cooling rate while achieving the design life cycle by low des ign temperature of the pressure vessel.\nAt the development stage of the n ew cooling system\, the numerical analysis of the heat flow during rapid c ooling was conducted using new techniques including a real gas model and a new model for thermal insulator.\nThis article will introduce this new ra pid cooling system and describe other related topics.\n\nhttps://events.sy nchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/987/ URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/987/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Exhaust valve spindles for marine diesel engines manufactured by h ot isostatic pressing DTSTART:20171207T013000Z DTEND:20171207T015500Z DTSTAMP:20261017T024200Z UID:indico-contribution-988@events.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Jesper Henri Hattel (Technical University of Denmark )\, Rune Møller (Technical University of Denmark)\, Tomas Berglund (Sandv ik Powder Solutions)\, Jakob Knudsen (MAN Diesel & Turbo)\, Harro Andreas Hoeg (MAN Diesel & Turbo)\, Alberto Lapina (MAN Diesel & Turbo)\n\nThe exh aust valve spindle is one of the most challenging components in the marine two-stroke diesel engine. It has to withstand high mechanical loads\, the rmal cycling\, surface temperatures beyond 700 $^{\\circ}$C\, and molten s alt induced corrosion. \n\nPowder metallurgy gives the opportunity of impr oving the component using materials not applicable by welding or forging. Therefore exhaust valve spindles have been produced by Hot Isostatic Press ing (HIP) with a spindle disc coating of a Ni-Cr-Nb alloy that cannot be m anufactured by welding or forging.\n\nThis paper presents the service expe rience gathered by MAN Diesel & Turbo in a number of service tests on ship s (up to 18000 running hours): corrosion and degradation phenomena in the spindles produce by HIP are presented and compared with the performance of state-of-the-art exhaust valve spindles.\n\nThe macroscopic geometrical c hanges experienced by the spindles are studied by means of Finite Element Method (FEM) calculations and strategies for further development of the co mponent are outlined.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contri butions/988/ URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/988/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Hot Isostatic Pressing of Radioactive Nuclear Waste: The Calcine a t INL DTSTART:20171205T222500Z DTEND:20171205T225000Z DTSTAMP:20261017T024200Z UID:indico-contribution-1009@events.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Regis A. Matzie (RAMatzie Nuclear Technology Consult ing\, LLC)\, ANDERS EKLUND (QUINTUS TECHNOLOGIES AB)\n\nHot Isostatic Pres sing (HIP) is a method to consolidate dry metal and ceramic powders by inc reasing the temperature up to the sintering threshold and applying high pr essure\, typically 15-30 ksi in an inert Argon atmosphere.\n\nThis work pr esents the results performed together with Quintus Technologies and Depart ment of Energy’s Idaho Site contractors to significantly reduce the volu me of dry calcine radioactive nuclear waste by HIP where the radioactive w aste will be contained in a collapsible canister\, heat treated in the HIP to solidify it so that zero emissions of radioactive isotopes are expecte d from the glassy end product.\nThe glassified end-product is then ready f or transport to a repository for final disposal when available.\n\nTo be s hown in the presentation is the cost ratio for HIP vs Vitrification is 1:1 .74\, and the volume reduction 20-70%\, while vitrification increases the volume with 100%.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributi ons/1009/ URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1009/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Microstructural design of Ni-base superalloys by hot isostatic pre ssing DTSTART:20171206T052500Z DTEND:20171206T055000Z DTSTAMP:20261017T024200Z UID:indico-contribution-990@events.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Werner Theisen (Ruhr-Universität Bochum)\, Lais Muj ica Roncery (Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia)\, Inmacul ada Lopez-Galilea (Ruhr-Universität Bochum)\, Benjamin Ruttert (Ruhr-Univ ersität Bochum)\n\nSingle crystal Ni-base Superalloys (SXs)\, used as bla de materials\, operate at temperatures close to their melting point and ha ve to withstand mechanical and chemical degradation. Casting and extensive solution heat-treatments of such blades introduce porosity\, which can on ly be reduced by hot isostatic pressing (HIP). Recent developments of a HI P unit with a quenching possibility allow performing heat- treatments and eliminate porosity simultaneously. This work gives an overview about the o pportunities that such a unique HIP offers for the solution heat-treatment of conventionally cast SXs or directionally solidified Ni-base superalloy s fabricated by selective electron beam melting (SEBM).\nThe influence of temperature\, pressure\, and cooling method on the evolution of γ/γ′-m orphology and on the pore shrinkage is investigated. The cooling method ha s a strong impact on the γ′-particle size and shape. Slow or natural co oling lead to coarse γ′-precipitate sizes. Quenching after solutioning at 100 MPa leads to a high number density of small γ′-particles\, ideal for the subsequent formation of a fine and uniform γ/γ′-microstructur e after ageing. Porosity reduction was most efficient at T > Tγ′-solvus . Based on these findings\, first\, an integrated solution and aging heat treatment for an as-cast SXs is implemented into the HIP unit. Second\, sh ort HIP treatments are applied on SEBM parts\, generating promising and de fect free microstructures. Finally\, a HIP treatment is satisfactorily use d to rejuvenate the γ/γ′-microstructure of SXs after creep degradation \, re-establishing the γ/γ’-microstructure without recrystallization a nd closing all pores and creep cavities.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org .au/event/47/contributions/990/ URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/990/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:The Pros and Cons of HIPping of Ti-based Alloys to Near Net Shape DTSTART:20171206T222500Z DTEND:20171206T225000Z DTSTAMP:20261017T024200Z UID:indico-contribution-991@events.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: xiqian Wang (University of Birmingham UK)\, Miren Ar istizabal (University of Birmingham UK)\, michael loretto (University of B irmingham UK)\n\nIt is widely accepted that Near Net Shape HIP (NNSHIP) ha s many advantages over alternative process-routes for the production of so me types of components\, but as with all process-routes there are disadvan tages. This process-route now has competition from additive manufacturing\ , which is being used to produce components such as engine casings\, but t he various technologies of additive manufacturing also have their disadvan tages. It is important that the pros and cons of all process-routes\, incl uding of course conventional thermo-mechanical processing\, are considered so that the optimum process-route is selected for different types of comp onents. In this paper the advantages and the disadvantages of NNSHIP will be discussed together with progress in overcoming them\, where that is see n as feasible. The work will be illustrated by work on HIPping of beta Ti alloys\, since these are in many ways the most interesting because their m icrostructures and thus properties are sensitive functions of the thermal history.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/991/ URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/991/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:The influence of post-HIP heat-treatments on the tensile and HCF p roperties of Ti6Al4V DTSTART:20171206T003500Z DTEND:20171206T010000Z DTSTAMP:20261017T024200Z UID:indico-contribution-992@events.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Hamish Fraser (The Ohio State University)\, Zachary. T Kloenne (The Ohio State University)\, michael loretto (University of Bir mingham\, UK)\, Miren Aristizabal (University of Birmingham)\n\nSamples of gas-atomisedTi6Al4V powder have been HIPped after which they were cooled at different rates in the HIP and/or subsequently heat treated in order to obtain very different microstructures. Microstructural observations have been carried out using scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The samples were tested in tension and in fatigue in order to assess the influ ence of the different heat treatments on these properties. Similar heat tr eatments have been carried out on ingot-route Ti6Al4V and the microstructu res and properties compared with those of the HIPped powder samples. Trans mission electron microscopy has been used to define the influence of the d ifferent microstructures on dislocation behaviour in an attempt to underst and the observed differences in properties and these results will be prese nted.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/992/ URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/992/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:HIP Activities for Turbopump Components of Korea Space Launch Vehi cle DTSTART:20171208T010000Z DTEND:20171208T012500Z DTSTAMP:20261017T024200Z UID:indico-contribution-993@events.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Jinhan Kim (Korea Aerospace Research Institute)\, Ch ang-Ho Choi (Korea Aerospace Research Institute)\, Suk-Hwan Yoon (Korea Ae rospace Research Institute)\n\nIn Korea\, we are developing liquid rockets for commercial launch services\, and the government agency\, Korea Aerosp ace Research Institute (KARI)\, is responsible for main development. Turbo pump\, which is a key component of liquid rocket engine\, is a rotating ma chine that pressurizes fuel and liquid oxygen in an extreme environment an d supplies them to a combustion chamber. Design requirements are very seve re because it must maintain lightweight feature while outputting very larg e power. The HIP (Hot Isostatic Press) method is a Near-Net Shape processi ng\, which makes it easy to mold a material that is difficult to machine\, while securing quality comparable to forged products. These advantages ar e particularly attractive for the aerospace sector. Recently\, we tried ma nufacture of turbopump impellers and turbine discs using HIP technology\, and some of the products have been assembled in a turbopump and ground-tes ted. This will be described in detail in this paper.\n\nhttps://events.syn chrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/993/ URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/993/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:HIP Processing of Improved Tooling Materials for High-Productivity Hot Metal Forming Processes DTSTART:20171207T062000Z DTEND:20171207T064500Z DTSTAMP:20261017T024200Z UID:indico-contribution-994@events.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Fabrice Bernier (National Research Council Canada)\, Guillaume D'Amours (National Research Council Canada)\, Maxime Gauthier ( National Research Council Canada)\n\nMuch work has been carried out in the last decade on the development of high performance alloys to reduce vehic le weight. These alloys are often characterized by low room-temperature fo rmability. A variety of hot forming processes (hot stamping\, hot extrusio n and high-pressure die casting) are thus being used or adapted for these alloys. The final mechanical properties\, shape complexity and production cost of parts made using these processes will be closely related to mold/d ie thermal and mechanical performance.\n\nHot work tool steels generally h ave the required mechanical properties and durability to meet hot-processi ng requirements but have low thermal conductivity. The stringent low proce ssing cost and high-volume production requirements of the automotive indus try compel part producers to find ways to shorten unit production times at equivalent product quality. In order to meet the processing requirements of advanced alloys and transfer heat more rapidly\, the tooling should thu s have a higher thermal conductivity than the standard tool steel dies cur rently in use.\n\nThe aim of this work is to optimize die properties to im prove heat transfer kinetics during part shaping\, thus providing an incre ase in efficiency and productivity for automotive metal part manufacturing . Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIP) has been used to clad a conformal-cooled co pper core with a layer of either a hot-work tool steel or a High-Thermal C onductivity (HTC) composite material designed at NRC. Properties and perfo rmance of these systems are compared with those of standard tool materials to demonstrate the practical potential for future development and optimiz ation of advanced tooling.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/c ontributions/994/ URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/994/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Oxygen content in PM HIP 625 and its effect on toughness DTSTART:20171206T012500Z DTEND:20171206T015000Z DTSTAMP:20261017T024200Z UID:indico-contribution-995@events.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Tomas Berglund (Sandvik Powder Solutions)\, Fredrik Meurling (Sandvik Materials Technology)\n\nOxygen control during powder ma nufacturing and handling is crucial when manufacturing HIPed parts. The in fluence of elevated oxygen content on mechanical properties is something t hat has been debated and investigated for many years. The general consensu s in the industry is that oxygen has a very detrimental effect on the toug hness of the material if present in excessive amounts. \n\nThe detrimental effect of oxygen content on the impact toughness of the material has resu lted in HIPed specifications\, both existing and under development\, with limits on the oxygen content in the material. Many specify a relatively lo w limit on oxygen content at e.g. 120 ppm which can have adverse effects o n yield in powder manufacturing which might increase costs without accompl ishing the desired effect of ensuring sufficient toughness. As this study show\, oxygen content and chemistry alone is not enough to describe the e ffect of oxygen content on the HIPed material. Setting a limit at e.g. 120 ppm will not guarantee that one gets better properties or even reaches th e desired properties of the material. The study show it is important where the oxygen is located in the powder and to separate bulk oxygen content a nd the surface oxygen content\, where the latter has a more pronounced eff ect on toughness. In the study four batches of alloy 625 have been investi gated\, all with only relatively small variations in oxygen content but wi th drastically different toughness and differences in how oxygen is distri buted in the material.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contr ibutions/995/ URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/995/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Wear of PM HIP metal matrix composites – influence of carbide ty pe DTSTART:20171207T033000Z DTEND:20171207T035500Z DTSTAMP:20261017T024200Z UID:indico-contribution-996@events.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Josefine Hall (Dalarna University)\, Tomas Berglund (Sandvik Powder Solutions)\n\nThe type of hard phase in combination with m atrix material has a great influence on the wear properties of PM HIP Meta l Matrix Composites. The hardness and toughness of the hard phase as well as its reaction with the matrix in combination with wear mechanism can cau se significant differences in performance of the material. Three materials with the same matrix alloy but different carbide types have been studied with regard to tribological behavior in low stress abrasion\, high stress abrasion and scratch testing against a quartz stylus. \n\nIn low stress ab rasion testing the material has only very small differences in the perform ance between the materials. The materials containing crushed or spherical fused tungsten carbide had a higher initial wear that can be explained by the microstructure of the material. In the later stages of wear the three materials preform very similar. \n\nIn the scratch testing a clear differe nce can be observed between the materials. The material containing the fu sed tungsten carbide exhibits a higher degree of carbide damage at the exi t side of the wear scar sliding over the carbide. This can be attributed t o the much higher degree of carbide dissolution in the fused carbide compa red to the macrocrystalline carbide. \n\nThe results from tribology testin g are discussed and compared to wear mechanisms observed in parts that hav e been in service in a slurry pump and a crusher.\n\nhttps://events.synchr otron.org.au/event/47/contributions/996/ URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/996/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Precipitation of Y-Ti-O nanoparticles during the HIP consolidation of gas atomised powders DTSTART:20171206T055000Z DTEND:20171206T061500Z DTSTAMP:20261017T024200Z UID:indico-contribution-998@events.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Juris Purans (3Institute of Solid State Physics\, Un iversity of Latvia)\, Andris Anspoks (3Institute of Solid State Physics\, University of Latvia)\, T. Leguey (University Carlos III Madrid)\, Vanesa de Castro (University Carlos III Madrid)\, Emma Gil (Ceit-IK4)\, Nerea Ord ás (Ceit-IK4)\, David Pazos (Ceit_IK4)\, Pilar Fernandez (Ciemat. Nationa l Fusion Laboratory)\, Inigo Iturriza (Ceit_IK4)\n\nThe increase in the op erational temperature range of structural materials plays an important rol e in most demanding energy generation sources and in certain industrial pr ocesses since it enhances the efficiency and promotes a reduction of the e nvironmental pollution. In this sense\, oxide dispersion strengthened ferr itic stainless steels (ODS FS) are candidate materials for structural comp onents in future fusion and fission reactors\, concentrated solar power pl ants\, chemical reactors or advanced coal fired plants. Their high strengt h and creep resistance at elevated temperatures\, and good resistance to n eutron radiation damage is obtained through a high density of nanometric c omplex oxides\, generally rich in yttrium and titanium\, very stable therm odynamically. \nIn this work\, the powder metallurgy route named STARS (Su rface Treatments of gas Atomized powder followed by Reactive Synthesis) is applied to produce ODS FS with composition Fe-14Cr-2W-0.3Ti-0.3Y2O3 (wt.% ). The gas atomized powders already contain the oxide-dispersion formers\, so mechanical alloying is no necessary to dissolve yttrium in the ferriti c matrix. Then\, a metastable oxide layer\, mainly consisting of Cr2O3 and Fe2O3\, develops at the surface of powder particles. Consolidation by HIP at high temperature promotes the dissociation of the metastable oxides\, the subsequent oxygen diffusion towards the interior of the particles and the final precipitation of Y-Ti-O nanoparticles. The process finishes with a thermo-mechanical treatment performed to refine and homogenize the micr ostructure and improve the mechanical properties\nMicrostructural characte rization of powders and consolidated and thermo-mechanically treated sampl es performed by XPS\, SEM\, TEM\, and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) is presented and correlated with manufacturing parameters.\n\nhttps://even ts.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/998/ URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/998/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Influence of rapid cooling rates for hot isostatic pressing on mec hanical and corrosion properties of UNS S32205 DTSTART:20171207T210000Z DTEND:20171207T212500Z DTSTAMP:20261017T024200Z UID:indico-contribution-999@events.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Beat Hofer (Hofer Materials Marketing Consulting)\, Paul Guempel (University of Applied Sciences Konstanz)\, Michael Hamentgen (Powder Metallurgy\, Saar Pulvermetall GmbH\, Saarwellingen)\, Arnulf Hoe rtnagl (Institute for Materials System Technology Thurgau at the Universit y of Applied Sciences Konstanz)\n\nThe formation of undesirable intermetal lic phases affected by low cooling rates of HIP-manufactured components ma de of duplex stainless steels requires a conventional heat treatment combi ned with quenching in a water bath. From a technical point of view\, this thermal post-treatment is energy-intensive as well as time-intensive. An a pproach to avoid these disadvantages is the application of an internal coo ling system in the HIP facility to achieve high cooling rates. The influen ce on the metallurgical structure\, the mechanical properties and the corr osion resistance is discussed for a 2205 duplex stainless steel. For this purpose\, conventional heat treated components are compared with fast cool ed components with the same material.\n\nMetallographic investigations sho w a clear influence of the cooling rate and wall thickness on grain size\, austenite/ferrite ratio as well as the number and the expression of inter metallic phases. The mechanical properties are determined according to not ch impact test ISO 148-1 and tensile test ISO 6892-1. The corrosion resist ance was measured according ASTM G150-13. Technical opportunities and econ omic aspects for the production of thick-walled components are discussed.\ n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/999/ URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/999/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:How to Avoid Coloring of Parts in Hot Isostatic Pressing DTSTART:20171206T070000Z DTEND:20171206T090000Z DTSTAMP:20261017T024200Z UID:indico-contribution-1003@events.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Magnus Ahlfors (Quintus Technologies AB)\, ANDERS EK LUND (QUINTUS TECHNOLOGIES AB)\n\nA common problem in the HIP industry is discoloring of parts with high Chromium content\, like for Stainless Steel or Cobalt-Chromium-alloys that turns out green\, for Ti-alloys that turns out blue or yellow\, and for Cu-alloys that can have a black surface.\n\n HIP users use different methods to avoid the coloring\, like having differ ent kind of getters\, i.e. Titanium sponge. They wrap parts in foils from Molybdenum\, Titanium and Stainless steel\, which is a tedious and from ti me to time not effective.\n\nThis work will show the way forward how to av oid discoloring of HIPed parts. The use of a graphite furnace in combinati on with an optimised HIP cycle gives clean and spotless parts ready for us e without any post-processing like polishing\, brushing\, etc.\n\nhttps:// events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1003/ URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1003/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:HIP for AM - Optimized material properties by HIP DTSTART:20171206T000000Z DTEND:20171206T003500Z DTSTAMP:20261017T024200Z UID:indico-contribution-1005@events.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Magnus Ahlfors (Quintus Technologies Ab)\, ANDERS EK LUND (QUINTUS TECHNOLOGIES AB)\n\nAdditive Manufacturing (or 3D-printing) is the newest technology to mass produce small to medium-size parts with h igh tolerances and quality for many industries\, i.e. Automotive\, Medical \, Dental and Aerospace.\n\nHowever\, even after the final sintering resid ual pores exist within the material. To remove these pores\, Hot Isostatic Pressing or HIP is the obvious choice. By applying a HIP step\, pores wil l be eliminated and the density will increase to virtually 100% of theoret ical density. This pore elimination will improve the strength\, ductility and especially the fatigue properties of the material and residual stresse s will also be eliminated.\n\nToday\, it is possible to combine HIPing and heat treatment in a specifically designed HIP equipped with Uniform Rapid Quenching (URQ®) or Uniform Rapid Cooling (URC®). This paper will descr ibe the process and benefits of HIP of 3D-printed parts together with the possibilities and advantages of combining the HIP process and heat treatme nt in a Rapid Cool HIP.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/cont ributions/1005/ URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1005/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Heat Treatment of MIM parts by Hot Isostatic Pressing DTSTART:20171206T070000Z DTEND:20171206T090000Z DTSTAMP:20261017T024200Z UID:indico-contribution-1006@events.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Magnus Ahlfors (Quintus Technologies AB)\, ANDERS EK LUND (QUINTUS TECHNOLOGIES AB)\n\nMIM is an excellent process to produce s maller parts in large numbers for many industries\, i.e. Automotive\, Medi cal\, Dental and Aerospace.\n\nHowever\, even after the final sintering re sidual pores exist within the material. To remove these pores\, Hot Isosta tic Pressing or HIP is the obvious choice. By applying a HIP step\, pores will be eliminated and the density will increase to virtually 100% of theo retical density. This pore elimination will improve the strength\, ductili ty and especially the fatigue properties of the material and residual stre sses will also be eliminated.\n\nToday\, it is possible to combine HIPing and heat treatment in a specifically designed HIP equipped with Uniform Ra pid Quenching (URQ®) or Uniform Rapid Cooling (URC®). This paper will de scribe the process and benefits of HIP of MIM parts together with the poss ibilities and advantages of combining the HIP process and heat treatment i n a Rapid Cool HIP.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contribu tions/1006/ URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1006/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Synthesis and microstructural characteristics of simulated iodine- bearing waste formed by HIP sintering of the silver impregnated alumina so rbent DTSTART:20171205T225000Z DTEND:20171205T231500Z DTSTAMP:20261017T024200Z UID:indico-contribution-1012@events.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Kaoru Masuda (Kobelco Research Institute\, Inc.)\, O samu Kato (Kobe Steel\, Ltd.)\, Satoshi Yoshida (Radioactive Waste Managem ent Funding and Research Center)\, Tomofumi Sakuragi (Radioactive Waste Ma nagement Funding and Research Center)\n\nSilver impregnated materials are widely used as an absorbent of radioactive iodine in the nuclear industry. A commercial fuel reprocessing facility of Japan will be working in short ly. The waste management for the spent alumina sorbent (AgA) to be dispose d in deep underground is a challenge because iodine-129 has the extreme lo ng-life and a mobile nature in aquifer systems. For the safety disposal\, a candidate immobilization technique has been proposed\, the first advanta ge of which is the simple hot isostatic press (HIP) process confining silv er iodide (AgI) into the corundum matrix without the separation of iodine from the spent AgA to alleviate the process complications. The previous re search has suggested that the densification of the waste form matrix is va lid to improve the waste form performance under a repository. Here\, we ha ve examined the HIP sintering behavior of alumina matrix by adding several commercially available alumina reagents and virgin AgA in order to optimi ze the waste composition. After consolidation by HIPing at 175 MPa up to 1 325°C the 3-dimensional microstructure of the simulant waste form has bee n analyzed using the images processing technique from the data pile of sca nning electron microscopy (SEM). The fine particles of AgI are confirmed t o be distributed homogeneously and are separated independently by the alum ina (corundum) matrix. The matrix porosity and the connected pores are neg ligible. The tolerance will be assessed using the standard static leaching test under an expected repository condition.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotro n.org.au/event/47/contributions/1012/ URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1012/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Hot isostatic Pressing interest for Turbine parts in future Engine s DTSTART:20171208T000000Z DTEND:20171208T003500Z DTSTAMP:20261017T024200Z UID:indico-contribution-1013@events.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Jean Michel Franchet (SAFRAN)\, Benjamin PICQUE (AUB ERT&DUVAL)\n\nOne of the main challenges for the next generation of aerona utic engines aims at reducing consumptions and environmental impact like e missions and noise\, in improving at the same time the performances and e fficiency. To reach these objectives\, an increase of the engines interna l temperature is needed. \nIn the turbine\, increasing temperature is alre ady possible for the discs with the use of cast and wrought superalloys li ke Waspaloy\, U720\, AD730\, Rene 65 or for hottest or most solicited loca tions\, powder metallurgy (PM) materials. Materials capable to provide hi ghest mechanical characteristics are indeed available on the market\, neve rtheless their very poor workability (for PM) and the actual very expensiv e industrial route able to produce them limit drastically their use to sim plest shapes and most critical parts.\nThe use of Hot Isostatic Pressing ( HIP) technology to directly produce near net shape (NNS) components using powder materials is an efficient solution to propose parts with complicat ed shape\, impossible to produce today by another way\, with very high mec hanical properties\, and at a competitive price compared to the significan t technical gains. \nThis paper intends to show the interest of the HIP pr ocess for parts of engines low pressure turbines\, already produced in Aub ert&Duval as demonstrators in PM ’ superalloys: First\, a static tur bine casing in Astroloy highlighting the possibility to produce a NNS comp lex shape with higher mechanical properties than actual solution\; Second\ , possibility to produce turbine parts in material N19 (Safran superallo y) allowing reaching an excellent compromise of tensile\, creep\, fatigue and crack growth properties.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47 /contributions/1013/ URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1013/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:HIP diffusion bonding of PM superalloy disk and cast superalloy bl ade rings for dual-alloy turbine wheels DTSTART:20171206T070000Z DTEND:20171206T090000Z DTSTAMP:20261017T024200Z UID:indico-contribution-1014@events.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Guo-xing ZHANG (Central Iron and Steel Research Inst itute)\, Yu TAO (Central Iron and Steel Research Institute)\, Jian JIA (Ce ntral Iron and Steel Research Institute)\, Yi-wen ZHANG (Central Iron and Steel Research Institute)\n\nDual-alloy turbine wheels produced by HIP dif fusion bonding of vacuum investment cast blade rings of the cast superallo y K418B to preconsolidated powder metal hubs of the powder metallurgy(PM) superalloy FGH4091\, which have the long cyclic lives characteristic of PM superalloys combined with the high creep strength and net-shape blades ch aracteristic of cast superalloys. After machining\, the consolidated hubs and blade rings are cleaned\, assembled\, hot degassing at about 500℃ an d then sealed in vacuum less then 1.0×10-3Pa. Finally\, the sealed disk a nd blade rings are HIPed at 1160~1200℃/130MPa/4h\, so as to diffusion bo nding with each other completely. The diffusion-welded joint is characteri zed for microstructural features\, diffusion of alloying elements and tens ile properties. Microstructure is investigated by scanning electron micros copy(SEM) and electron probe micro-analyzer(EPMA). The results showed that the joint is integral without any defects\, such as inclusions and contin uous distribution of the second precipitates. EPMA further revealed the wi dth of diffusion zone is about 100 micrometers. The diffusion of elements Co\, Ni\, Al\, Cr\, Ti\, Nb\, Mo is gradually weakened\, which is caused b y their vary diffusion constants. Specimens showed good weld strength\, al l the tensile specimens are failured at the cast superalloy.\n\nhttps://ev ents.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1014/ URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1014/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:ANM/SyMo Facility DTSTART:20171205T210000Z DTEND:20171205T213500Z DTSTAMP:20261017T024200Z UID:indico-contribution-1015@events.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Adi Patterson (ANSTO)\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron. org.au/event/47/contributions/1015/ URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1015/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Large-scale and industrialized HIP equipment for the densification of additive manufactured parts DTSTART:20171206T070000Z DTEND:20171206T090000Z DTSTAMP:20261017T024200Z UID:indico-contribution-1016@events.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Qing Ye (CHINA IRON & STEEL RESEARCH INSTITUTE GROUP )\, Deming Zhang (CHINA IRON & STEEL RESEARCH INSTITUTE GROUP)\, Hongxia C hen (CHINA IRON & STEEL RESEARCH INSTITUTE GROUP)\n\nAdditive manufacturin g technology has significant advantages in fabricating parts with complex shape\, but the internal defects\, such as residual stress\, pores and mic rocracks\, would result in fatal problems under certain circumstances. To meet the requirement of HIP treatment on additive manufactured parts\, we studied the thermodynamic behavior of the gas medium under high temperatur e and high pressure conditions\, explored the deformation discipline of th e thin-walled parts and the boundary conditions of controlling deformation \, and optimized the process of eliminating residual stress. Based on the above work\, series of HIP equipment were specially designed for the treat ment on additive manufactured parts\, which could provide solid support fo r the development of additive manufacturing technology.\n\nhttps://events. synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1016/ URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1016/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Efficient modeling of very large NNS parts (up to 3 meter diameter ) and key parameters to control dimensional scattering in a +- 15 mm range . DTSTART:20171208T030000Z DTEND:20171208T033500Z DTSTAMP:20261017T024200Z UID:indico-contribution-1019@events.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Gerard RAISSON (Consultant)\n\nThe paper addresses t he challenging scientific and technological tasks of achieving limitation of over thickness to 1% of a linear dimension in HIPing Near Net shape PM Components of large size up to 3 meter diameter. To reach this goal it is necessary to increase precision of modeling which has to include thermal c onductivity for large (thick) parts\, especially influential at the initia l stage of densification. This sounds obvious\, but our analysis shows tha t rather than to work on constitutive equations and numerical procedures\, it is more efficient to improve the material data base constituency and m ore particularly for the first step of HIP cycle which controls heat condu ctivity and the initial deformation pattern. In particular\, it is shown t hat the initial (tap) density of powder in the capsule determines not only the integral shrinkage but also all following deformation pattern.\nInde pendently of modeling\, it is necessary to control all parameters generati ng scattering (HIP cycle\, temperature homogeneity\, filling and handling of capsules…) . The paper enables to define through parametric modeling which material properties\, geometrical factors and process parameters are essential for reaching the dimensional precision and what realistic toler ances can be respected.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/cont ributions/1019/ URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1019/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Increasing the cost efficiency of hot isostatic pressing for near net-shape processing of titanium alloy components DTSTART:20171207T044500Z DTEND:20171207T051000Z DTSTAMP:20261017T024200Z UID:indico-contribution-1020@events.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Michael Loretto (University of Birmingham)\, Victor Samarov (Synertech-PM)\, Brian Welk (The Ohio State University)\, Hamish F raser (The Ohio State University)\n\nThe advent and enthusiasm for additiv e manufacturing (AM) has increased significantly the use of titanium alloy powders. For most of the powder-based AM processing techniques\, there is a requirement for the fine powders of narrow size range. Since most of th e atomizing techniques produce a range of sizes\, with a more or less Gaus sian distribution\, this means that after delivering powders for AM\, ther e is a considerable quantity of powders left seeking application. In conse quence\, the price of this powder is often very much reduced\, for example \, the price of Ti alloy powder may be decreased several times. Hot Isosta tic Pressing (HIP) does not place such a stringent requirement on powder s ize (provided the tap density is not strongly impacted)\, and there is\, t herefore\, a tremendous potential cost advantage for HIP of these coarser powders were to be used. The research described here involves a study of t he microstructure\, response to heat-treatment\, and mechanical properties of samples of Ti-6Al-4V produced by HIP’ing such coarser powders. The se results are compared with those of conventionally wrought Ti 6-4\, and the differences are analyzed and contrasted.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron .org.au/event/47/contributions/1020/ URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1020/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Expanding HIP Applications as a Manufacturing Process by Overcomi ng the Long Existing Technical Barriers DTSTART:20171207T055500Z DTEND:20171207T062000Z DTSTAMP:20261017T024200Z UID:indico-contribution-1021@events.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Michael Loretto (University of Birmingham)\, Victor Samarov (Synertech-PM)\, Hamish Fraser (The Ohio State University)\n\nRece ntly\, a Center of Excellence (CoE) in Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIP) has be en established at the Ohio State University tasked with overcoming the lon g existing technical barriers to the use of HIP for critical applications and exploiting fully the advantages afforded by powder metallurgy processi ng. In particular the current research has been aimed at minimizing the i nfluence of prior particle boundaries (PPBs) in Ni-base superalloys and ob viating the deficit in fatigue properties in PM HIPed Ti-6Al-4V. \nThe mai n tasks of the COE are: i) the development of quantitative cost models\; ii) the development of a physics-based computational modeling scheme that will permit the accurate prediction of the shape of tooling that will resu lt in a given near-net shape of a component\; iii) the development of an u nderstanding of the variation in mechanical properties\; iv) the developme nt of solutions to technical barriers that limit the use of HIP for rotati ng components\; v) development of techniques to permit the enhancement of local properties in components\; and vi) the development of transfer funct ions that that allow properties obtained from sub-scale parts to predict a ccurately those of large components. The paper presents and discusses the solutions achieved.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contrib utions/1021/ URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1021/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Taylor-Made Net-Shape Composite Components by Combining Additive M anufacturing and Hot Isostatic Pressing DTSTART:20171207T212500Z DTEND:20171207T215000Z DTSTAMP:20261017T024200Z UID:indico-contribution-1024@events.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Frank Petzoldt (Fraunhofer Institute for Manufacturi ng Technology and Advanced Materials IFAM)\, Vera Friederici (Fraunhofer I nstitute for Manufacturing Technology and Advanced Materials IFAM)\, Sandr a Wieland (Fraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing Technology and Advanced Materials IFAM)\, Anke Kaletsch (RWTH Aachen University\, Institute for Ma terials Applications in Mechanical Engineering\, IWM)\, Christoph Broeckma nn (RWTH Aachen University\, Institute for Materials Applications in Mecha nical Engineering\, IWM)\, Sebastian Riehm (RWTH Aachen University\, Insti tute for Materials Applications in Mechanical Engineering\, IWM)\n\nA prom ising production route for high quality taylor-made parts can be establish ed by combining Additive Manufacturing (AM) and Hot Isostatic Pressing (HI P): With the help of a numerical simulation routine\, the geometry of the parts prior to HIP is calculated. These geometry-optimised parts are built by Laser Beam Melting (LBM) and consolidated by HIP. After HIP they exhib it a net-shape form that requires only little or even no post-processing a t all. \n\nIn this study\, open thin-walled capsules are manufactured by L BM\, filled conventionally with metal powder\, evacuated and sealed and ho t-isostatically pressed. By this processing route\, it is possible to use different materials for the capsule and the powder filling. If capsule and bulk material are identical\, the expensive removal of the capsule after HIP can be omitted. By using two different powders\, it is possible to pro duce composite components with a core of high strength and toughness and a wear- or corrosion-resistant surface layer\, offering an alternative and competitive production route to conventional HIP cladding. \n\nHere three materials are investigated in different combinations: austenitic stainless steel AISI 316L (X2CrNiMo17¬ 13-3)\, martensitic tool steel AISI L6 (55N iCrMoV7) and the wear resistant high carbon steel X245VCrMo8-5-1. A numbe r of technical challenges need to be addressed: the production of dense\, thin-walled capsules by LBM\; LBM of carbide rich steels\; diffusion contr ol between corrosion resistant steel and carbon steel\; and sealing of cap sules made of materials that cannot be welded.\n\nThe success of the new p rocess route is demonstrated by metallographic and geometrical investigati ons.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1024/ URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1024/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:High Pressure Heat Treatment - Phase Transformation Under Isostati c Pressure in HIP DTSTART:20171206T225000Z DTEND:20171206T231500Z DTSTAMP:20261017T024200Z UID:indico-contribution-1025@events.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: ANDERS EKLUND (QUINTUS TECHNOLOGIES AB)\, Johan Hjä rne (Quintus Technologies AB)\, Magnus Ahlfors (Quintus Technologies AB)\n \nHot Isostatic Pressing is widely used today to eliminate internal defect s in components to achieve improved material properties like ductility and fatigue. With the modern HIP systems that Quintus Technologies can offer today there are possibilities to incorporate more processes steps into the HIP process. These process steps can be stress relief\, solutionizing\, q uenching\, ageing\, tempering etc. performed in the same equipment during the same cycle which makes a very effective process route.\n\nIn this pape r the possibilities for different HIP and heat treatment cases will be dis cussed together with results from trials within the combination of HIP and heat treatment. The results are a very cost effective way to obtain a mat erial with the desired properties.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/ev ent/47/contributions/1025/ URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1025/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:60 years after Battelle: why to HIP\, what to HIP and how to HIP? (Science and Technology behind the Wall of an Autoclave) DTSTART:20171206T220000Z DTEND:20171206T222500Z DTSTAMP:20261017T024200Z UID:indico-contribution-1026@events.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Victor Samarov (LNT PM Inc.)\n\nThe paper analyzes 4 0 years of personal experience in developments of PM HIP processes along w ith the general tendencies of HIP evolution from a process developed in B attelle in 1956 to solve some specific problems in nuclear technology to a world-wide technology of building new materials and structures for crit ical applications\nFundamental physical and technological differences of H IP from other consolidation and shaping processes are analyzed and the mos t important applications- outlined. \nThe major advances in performance of the PM HIPed parts and in PM HIP technology built on the physical prin ciples of thermo-dynamics and heat and mass transfer\, are considered thro ugh:\n- development of large size complex shape components much beyond th e limits of casting and forging processes\,\n- near-net shaping (NNS) capa bilities brought by modeling and HIP tooling design\;\n - enhancement of the properties and performance of large parts through the use of advanced PM alloys and powder compositions\;\n- radical enhancement of non-destruc tive inspection of HIPed materials and shapes\;\n- new cost efficient so lutions for powders and integrated or reusable HIP tooling in conjunction with evolving Additive Manufacturing technologies\;\n- modeling of micro- structural evolution and formation of mechanical properties during HIP con solidation\; \nTechnological\, engineering and scientific requirements to the newly developed HIP Equipment and HIP cycles brought by the Near Net Shape PM Technology are developed and formulated\n\nhttps://events.synchr otron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1026/ URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1026/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:The effect of element Hafnium on the microstructure and mechanical properties of as-HIPed FGH4097 PM superalloy DTSTART:20171207T064500Z DTEND:20171207T071000Z DTSTAMP:20261017T024200Z UID:indico-contribution-1027@events.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Jiantao Liu (Central Iron and Steel Research Institu te)\, Shoubo Han (Central Iron and Steel Research Institute)\, Jian Jia (C entral Iron and Steel Research Institute)\, Yiwen Zhang (Central Iron and Steel Research Institute)\n\nFGH4097 is a new type of powder metallurgy (P M) superalloy developed in China. It is mainly used as the key hot end com ponents for the advanced aero-engines\, for instance the turbine disc and compressor disk etc. Powders of FGH4097 alloy were produced by plasma rota ting electrode process (PREP) firstly\, and then consolidated into billets with a size of Φ80*135mm by hot isostatic pressing (HIP). The size of FG H4097 alloy powder canned is +50 -150μm. The HIPed condition is 1180~1220 ℃/130MPa/4h. The billet is heat treated by solid solution\, and then age d three times. The influence of element Hafnium with different content on the grain size\, γ′ phase\, MC carbide in as-HIPed FGH4097 alloy was st udied by means of metallurgical microscope\, scanning electron microscope and physiochemical phase analysis. And the major mechanical properties of each PM superalloy were investigated\, such as tensile properties\, stress rupture properties\, and fatigue crack propagation rate. The results show ed that Hf had no effect on the grain size\, the size of γ′ phase\, and the size and morphology of MC carbide. But Hf promoted the precipitation of γ′ phase and MC carbide\, and changed the chemical compositon of γ ′ phase and MC carbide\, and accelerated the splitting of γ′ phase fr om one instable cubic γ′ particle to stable octet of cubes. Appropriate Hf content was helpful for improving mechanical properties\, such as impa ct ductility\, tensile plasticity\, stress rupture life\, and fatigue crac k propagation resistance. FGH4097 PM superalloy containing 0.30% Hf presen ted the best comprehensive mechanical properties.\n\nhttps://events.synchr otron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1027/ URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1027/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Surface Chemistry of Steel Powder and its Changes during HIP Proce ssing DTSTART:20171206T010000Z DTEND:20171206T012500Z DTSTAMP:20261017T024200Z UID:indico-contribution-1029@events.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Werner Theisen (Ruhr-Universität Bochum)\, Lars Nyb org (Chalmers University of Technology)\, Karina Geenen (Ruhr-Universität Bochum)\, Ruslan Shvab (Chalmers University of Technology)\, Anna Weddeli ng (Lehrstuhl Werkstofftechnik\, Ruhr-Universität Bochum)\, Eduard Hryha (Chalmers University of Technology)\n\nMetal powders are characterized by the large surface area that results in high surface reactivity of the powd er. This is especially important in case of complex alloys containing elem ents with high sensitivity to oxygen (Cr\, Mn\, Si\, V\, Zr\, etc.) such a s tool steels\, Ni-base super-alloys\, stainless steels\, etc. The residua l surface oxides hinder the metallic bonding between the powder particles and remain as crack propagation sites. Therefore\, knowledge concerning in itial state of the powder before HIP as well as oxide transformation durin g HIP process is of vital importance to assure defect-free manufacturing o f HIP components. \nIn this study the effect of the surface oxide composit ion in high alloyed steels such as austenitic steel E316L and two tool ste els (X40CrMoV5-1 and HS6-5-3) are being examined. The oxides present on th e initial powder surface are examined by means of X-ray photoelectron spec troscopy (XPS) and high-resolution scanning electron microscopy (HRSEM+EDX ). Results indicate that the base powder is covered by a heterogeneous sur face oxide layer\, formed by thin iron oxide layer (\n\nhttps://events.syn chrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1029/ URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1029/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Hot Isostatic Pressing of the Water Atomized Steel Powder Prealloy ed with Chromium DTSTART:20171207T053000Z DTEND:20171207T055500Z DTSTAMP:20261017T024200Z UID:indico-contribution-1030@events.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Werner Theisen (Ruhr-Universität Bochum)\, Lars Nyb org (Chalmers University of Technology)\, Martin Bram (Forschungszentrum J ülich GmbH)\, Anna Weddeling (Ruhr-Universität Bochum)\, Maheswaran Vatt ur Sundaram (Chalmers University of Technology)\, Eduard Hryha (Chalmers U niversity of Technology)\n\nTypically gas atomized powder grades are used for hot isostatic pressing. Gas atomization provides spherical powder with the high purity that is required for HIP. Water atomized steel powder is significantly cheaper but has some drawbacks when it comes to the powder p urity\, irregular powder surface\, difficulty to produce high alloyed mate rials\, etc. \nRecent advancement in the water atomization allows manufact uring of iron and low-alloyed steel powder with the purity close to gas at omized powder from the surface oxide composition point of view. Hence\, HI Ping of industrially water atomized steel powder\, prealloyed with 3 wt.% Cr and 0.5 wt.% Mo is performed in this study. Graphite powder is admixed to the base powder (0.4 wt.%) in order to achieve required steel compositi on and further HIPed as well. Oxide transformation in the system is discus sed based on the initial powder surface oxide analysis and analysis of the fracture surface of the HIPed components. These are studied by X-ray phot oelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and high-resolution scanning electron microsc opy (HR SEM) combined with EDX. The mechanical properties of the HIPed mat erial are evaluated and results are discussed with regard to the influence of residual surface oxides and microstructure. Full density components we re obtained in case of both\, pure powder and powder admixed with graphite . Mechanical properties were on the level expected for the fully dense mat erial\, indicating potential of HIPing of water atomized powder. Further e fforts to improve powder filling are necessary to get full advantage of th e HIPing of water atomized powders.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/e vent/47/contributions/1030/ URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1030/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:ANSTO’s Plutonium Wasteform Research DTSTART:20171205T231500Z DTEND:20171205T234000Z DTSTAMP:20261017T024200Z UID:indico-contribution-1032@events.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Linggen Kong (ansto)\, Yingjie Zhang (ANSTO)\, Eric R Vance (ANSTO)\, Daniel Gregg (ANSTO)\n\nActinide-bearing waste streams w hich typically include fissile material\, for example Pu-239\, offer uniqu e immobilization challenges. Key aspects to waste form design include maxi mizing the waste loading\, producing a chemically durable product\, mainta ining flexibility to accommodate waste variations\, a proliferation resist ance to prevent theft and diversion\, and appropriate process technology t o produce waste forms that meet requirements for actinide waste streams. \ nSynroc waste forms incorporate the actinides within mineral phases\, prod ucing products which are much more durable in water than baseline borosili cate glasses. Other advantages are that the mineral phases can incorporate neutron absorbers allowing criticality control both during processing and whilst within the repository as well as high waste loadings and increased proliferation resistance. With a waste loading of 40-50 wt.%\, Synroc wo uld also be considered a strong candidate as an engineered waste form for used nuclear fuel and highly enriched uranium-rich wastes. The HIP technol ogy offers several advantages such as increased density\, minimum grain si ze and removes the need for costly and bulky off-gas systems. This paper w ill highlight the latest developments of Synroc as an advanced waste form and technology platform for actinide bearing wastes including recent radia tion damage results of high zirconolite glass-ceramic wasteforms for pluto nium immobilization.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contrib utions/1032/ URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1032/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:HIP process of a valve body to Near-Net-Shape using Grade 91 powde r DTSTART:20171207T010500Z DTEND:20171207T013000Z DTSTAMP:20261017T024200Z UID:indico-contribution-1033@events.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Yuto Nagamachi (Metal Technology Co. Ltd\,)\, Mitsuo Okuwaki (Metal Technology Co. Ltd\,)\, Hiroshi Urakawa (SHIMODA IRON WORK S CO.\, LTD.)\, Toyohito Shiokawa (Metal Technology Co. Ltd.)\n\nMaterial used for steam piping of power plants is exposed to high temperatures and high pressures over long periods. As a consequence\, forged Grade 91 alloy steel is commonly chosen to meet these demands. However\, complicated str uctures such as a valve body need to be machined from large forged blocks. As a result\, the machining time is long and the material weight is heavy . Therefore\, by manufacturing a valve body with near net technology\, bot h time and material weight can be reduced.\nThis paper will present 1) A s urvey of the dimensions of a near net shape valve body by HIP\, 2) An inve stigation of the mechanical properties of NNS Grade 91\, 3) A comparison o f the structure of a HIP sintered product and a forged product\, 4) The ma chining time and material weight of a near net molded product by HIP compa red to a product forged from blocks. This paper will illustrate that the n ear net shaped product was able to reduce the machining time by 30% and th e material weight by 40% than when machining from a forged product.\n\nhtt ps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1033/ URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1033/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Experience in HIP Diffusion Welding of Dissimilar Metals and Alloy s DTSTART:20171207T230500Z DTEND:20171207T233000Z DTSTAMP:20261017T024200Z UID:indico-contribution-1034@events.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Darya Makhina (JSC"Kompozit" junior researcher)\, De nis Medvedev (JSC"Kompozit" engineer)\, Andrey Klyatskin (JSC"Kompozit" ch ief of the HIP sector)\, Vladimir Denisov (JSC"Kompozit" Leading researche r)\, Alexander Beresnev (JSC"Kompozit" Director general)\, Victor Butrim ( JSC"Kompozit" Deputy director general)\n\nHIP solid-state diffusion weldin g is a controlled process during all stages of technological process. Unli ke other known solid-state welding techniques the HIP allows to provide st rong and dense welded joint with stability properties irrespective of the sizes and a configuration of welded materials contact surfaces.\nHere we p resent some special pilot examples of HIP diffusion welding of dissimilar metals and alloys: steel XM19 to steel 316L\, bronze Cu-Cr-Zr to steel 316 L\, copper M1 to steel Fe-18Cr-10Ni-Ti-C\, titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V to ste el Fe-18Cr-10Ni-Ti-C\, single-crystal molybdenum to polycrystal molybdenum .\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1034/ URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1034/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:The effect of HIP treatment on mechanical properties of titanium a luminide additively manufactured by EBM DTSTART:20171207T224000Z DTEND:20171207T230500Z DTSTAMP:20261017T024200Z UID:indico-contribution-1035@events.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Yuto Nagamachi (Technical Division Metal Technology Co.Ltd.)\, Minoru Ueda (Technical Division Metal Technology Co.Ltd.)\, Aya ko Ikeda (High-Performance Alloys Group High Temperature Materials Unit na tional Institute for Materials Science)\, Ken Cho (Biomaterials & Structur al Materials Design Area Course of Materials Science & Engineering Divisio n of Materials & Manufacturing Science Graduate School of Engineering\, Os aka University)\, Takayoshi Nakano (Biomaterials & Structural Materials De sign Area Course of Materials Science & Engineering Division of Materials & Manufacturing Science Graduate School of Engineering\, Osaka University) \, Hiroyuki Yasuda (Biomaterials & Structural Materials Design Area Course of Materials Science & Engineering Division of Materials & Manufacturing Science Graduate School of Engineering\, Osaka University)\, Daisuke Kondo (Technical Division Metal Technology Co.Ltd)\, Robert Joseph (Metal Techn ology Co. Ltd.)\n\nTitanium aluminide\, one of important next generation h igh temperature materials\, attracts intense R&D interests\, and the appli cation for aeronautics and space fields is seriously studied. TiAl compone nts additively manufactured by us possesses more than 99% density and good mechanical properties\, however residual voids are problematic in the are a where cyclic properties are important\, therefore HIP treatment is neces sary. In this study\, the effect of HIP treatment on the lamellar structur e of TiAl alloy which showed excellent tensile ductility is investigated.\ n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1035/ URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1035/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Past and Present Applications of Synroc DTSTART:20171205T213500Z DTEND:20171205T220000Z DTSTAMP:20261017T024200Z UID:indico-contribution-1037@events.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Gerry Triani (ANSTO)\, Rohan Holmes (ANSTO)\, Mitche ll Smith (ANSTO)\, Dorji Chavara (Australian Nuclear Science and Technolog y Organisation)\, Daniel Gregg (ANSTO)\, Eric Vance (ANSTO)\, Amanda Abbou d (ANSTO)\n\nSince the year 2000\, Synroc has evolved from the titanate fu ll-ceramics developed in the late 1970s to a technology platform that can be applied to produce glass\, glass–ceramic\, and ceramic waste forms an d where there are distinct advantages in terms of waste loading and suppre ssing volatile losses. Recent efforts have focused strongly on waste form development for plutonium-bearing wastes in the UK\, for different option s for the immobilization of Idaho calcines and most recently developing an engineered waste form for the intermediate level wastes arising from 99Mo production\, for the Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisati on (ANSTO). A variety of other studies are currently in progress\, includi ng engineered waste forms for spent fuel and investigating the proliferati on risks for titanate-based waste forms containing highly enriched uranium or plutonium. This paper also attempts to give some perspective on Synroc waste forms and process technology development in the nuclear waste manag ement industry.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contribution s/1037/ URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1037/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Effect of processing parameters on intermetallic phase content and impact toughness for super duplex alloy PM HIP Sandvik SAF 2507™ DTSTART:20171207T003000Z DTEND:20171207T010500Z DTSTAMP:20261017T024200Z UID:indico-contribution-1040@events.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Linn Larsson (Sandvik Materials Technology)\, Tomas Berglund (Sandvik Powder Solutions)\, Martin Östlund (Sandvik Materials T echnology)\n\nPM HIP is a widely applied manufacturing technology to produ ce thick walled and complex shaped duplex and super duplex stainless steel (DSS and SDSS) components for the petrochemical as well as the oil and ga s industry. The PM HIP process offers the advantage of a fine grained micr ostructure which generates an increased resistance to HISC (Hydrogen Induc ed Stress Cracking) as well as higher yield strength. A limiting factor wh en producing thick walled components of DSS and SDSS alloys is the precipi tation of brittle intermetallic phases which results in decreased corrosio n resistance and impact toughness if high enough fractions are precipitate d. The precipitation of intermetallic phases is a diffusion controlled pro cess that may take place during quenching following solution annealing if the cooling rate is too slow. The thicker wall of the component\, the slow er is the cooling in the center of the wall which enables increased interm etallic phase precipitation. In this article it is shown that a coarser PM HIP microstructure results in lower contents of intermetallic phases afte r water quenching. However\, despite of the lower intermetallic phase cont ent the impact toughness is not improved and this is explained by the frac ture mechanisms as shown by instrumented impact testing and fracture surfa ce analysis.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1 040/ URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1040/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Overview of properties\, features and developments of PM HIP 316L and 316LN DTSTART:20171206T032500Z DTEND:20171206T035000Z DTSTAMP:20261017T024200Z UID:indico-contribution-1041@events.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Tomas Berglund (Sandvik Powder Solutions)\, Martin Östlund (Sandvik Materials Technology)\n\nPM HIP 316L is an alloy that is of increased interest for nuclear applications since it´s recent ASME co de case approval. Over the years comprehensive data and understanding of t he properties and features have been collected and evaluated which will be summarised in this article. Since the early developments of the PM HIP te chnology it has been observed that PM HIP alloys generally exhibit higher yield strengths compared to their conventional counterparts\, a feature th at applies well for 316L. In this article this is demonstrated\, both by u sing the Hall-Petch relationship as well as Pickering´s and Irvine´s emp irically derived relationship between composition\, grain size and yield s trength for austenitic stainless steels. Furthermore\, a mechanism generat ing the increased yield strength in PM HIP 316L vs conventionally manufact ured 316L will be proposed. Results also show that low oxygen contents its elf is not a guarantee for good or increased performance in form of mecha nical properties\, but that there are other features that is of similar or perhaps even higher importance in order to achieve good properties. The r esults of this article includes microstructural properties derived from EB SD measurements as well as tensile and impact properties in a wide range o f test temperatures of PM HIP 316L from several powder batches manufacture d at different locations and processed with various HIP and heat treatment procedures. Finally\, some results regarding creep properties of PM HIP 3 16L is presented.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributi ons/1041/ URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1041/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Mechanical Strength Evaluation of Superconducting Magnet Structure by HIP Bonding Method DTSTART:20171205T220000Z DTEND:20171205T222500Z DTSTAMP:20261017T024200Z UID:indico-contribution-1042@events.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Katsutoshi Takano (National Institutes for Quantum a nd Radiological Science and Technology)\, Koizumi Norikiyo (National Insti tutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology)\, Tsuyoshi Uno (Metal Technology Co. Ltd.)\, Kaoru Ueno (Metal Technology Co. Ltd.)\n\nAt the previous international conference HIP ‘14 it was suggested that the HIP method for the fabrication of the radial plate segment\, which is the structure for supporting the toroidal magnetic field coil of ITER\, be us ed.\nThe purpose of this suggestion was to improve the material yield and reduce the time spent on the machining process.\nIn order to verify that a uniform HIP effect for a large structure\, a mock-up was fabricated using diffusion bonding method.\nMechanical strength tests were performed at bo th room temperature and cryogenic temperature on various locations of the mock-up.\nThe yield strength of the bonded area was about 920 MPa at 4 K ( kelvin)\, and it was approximately the same yield strength as the base mat erial after HIP treatment.\nHowever\, yield strength of the base material was reduced due to heat input\, decreasing by 28% at room temperature and by 8% at 4 K\, comparing before and after HIP treatment.\nIn order to appl y HIP bonding for fabrication of each part\, it is necessary to obtain the optimal parameters\, to achieve the best results for the bonded area and the base material.\nFocusing on the HIP bonding temperature as a parameter for determining the optimal conditions for diffusion bonding\, small test pieces were bonded at various temperatures by HIP treatment.\nFrom the re sults of the mechanical strength and micro structure analysis of the bonde d area\, the optimization of the bonding condition can be estimated.\n\nht tps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1042/ URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1042/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Heat treatment inside the HIP-Unit DTSTART:20171206T041500Z DTEND:20171206T044000Z DTSTAMP:20261017T024200Z UID:indico-contribution-1043@events.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Anna Weddeling (Lehrstuhl Werkstofftechnik\, Ruhr-Un iversität Bochum)\, Werner Theisen (Lehrstuhl Werkstofftechnik\, Ruhr-Uni versität Bochum)\, Nils Wulbieter (Chair of Materials Technology\, Ruhr-U niversität Bochum\, Germany)\n\nThe possibility to combine the densificat ion or compaction of steel parts with a heat treatment has evolved recentl y by the production of HIP-Units with a rapid quenching device. Since then several studies have been performed to assess the cooling speed and show possibilities to heat treat steels. It was shown before that several alloy ed steel grades can be hardened with the method of quenching inside a HIP. This study aims to characterize the impact of high isostatic pressure dur ing austenitization and quenching on the transformation behavior and resul ting microstructure of hardenable steels. In order to study the effects of the pressure during quenching two methods have been applied. The first me thod is to measure the latent heat during isothermal holding inside the tr ansforming steel. The release or uptake of energy reveals information abou t the succession of the transformation that takes place. Secondly the elec trical resistivity of a steel can be used as a sensitive indicator for the existing phases and solution state of steel during continuous cooling aft er austenitization. The two analytical methods both reveal that isostatic pressure of 170 MPa is sufficient to shift the transformations and hence\, increase hardenability of martensitic hardenable steel.\n\nhttps://events .synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1043/ URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1043/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Advances in HIP Equipment with the Tie-Rod and Quick Can Approache s DTSTART:20171206T234000Z DTEND:20171207T000500Z DTSTAMP:20261017T024200Z UID:indico-contribution-1044@events.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Robert Conaway (1944)\n\nThrough the last 30 years\, Isostatic Forging International Ltd (IFI) has developed innovative concep ts of HIP equipment that shows great promise for the full range of HIP pro cessing from the very smallest (and fastest) units to the units of unprece dented size and capability.\n\nWith all advances of the precision casting and PM technologies the sizes of the large components are limited only by the size of the HIP systems. Moreover\, the cost of the largest PM parts o ften exceeds the cost of the HIP cycles. \nThe larger the HIP\, the more r equirements are imposed on the safety of the operations. Therefore the dam age tolerance of the HIP equipment and the cost efficiency of making parts through HIP become the factors of the major importance.\n\nThe IFI Tie-Ro d Pressure Containment System (PCS) is a robust pressure vessel substitute that is extremely damage tolerant with a design that is analysis and insp ection friendly. The design does not depend upon statically indeterminate factors (such as pre-stress and friction). Furthermore it can be disassem bled and inspected equivalent to the original build. An advanced design o f the Tie-Rod PCS done through modern techniques of fracture mechanics en ables to reliably scale up the system with practically no limits\n\nThe Qu ick Can technique enables an access to the interior of a HIP can during th e HIPing procedure so that the integrity of the HIP can be monitored and c ontrolled through the whole process\, hot out-gassing can be substantially enhanced and reactive refining of the powder surface performed.\n\nThis p resentation will review our work to date and the promise for future develo pment as well as formulate detailed requirements to the design of the HIP System from the point of view of the manufacturer of large scale parts.\n. \n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1044/ URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1044/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Diffusion bonding of Al 6061and Cu by hot isostatic pressing DTSTART:20171206T070000Z DTEND:20171206T090000Z DTSTAMP:20261017T024200Z UID:indico-contribution-1045@events.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: yusheng shi (Huazhong University of Science and Tech nology)\, qingsong wei (Huazhong University of Science and Technology)\, C hao Cai (Huazhong University of Science and Technology)\, pengju xue (Huaz hong University of Science and Technology)\, qing teng (Huazhong Universit y of Science and Technology)\n\nIn this work\, diffusion bonding between A luminum and Copper were successfully performed by hot isostatic pressing ( HIP). In order to improve the strength of diffusion bonding joint\, differ ent thickness of pure Nickel foils was used as an intermediate layer. The microstructure of the interface between Aluminum and Copper was investigat ed using X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique\, secondary electron microscopy (SEM)\, and the mechanical property evacuated through nanoindentation tes t.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1045/ URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1045/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Development of constructive and technological solutions for the ma nufacture of blisks turbine by connecting the disk with shrouded blades un der hot isostatic pressing DTSTART:20171206T061500Z DTEND:20171206T064000Z DTSTAMP:20261017T024200Z UID:indico-contribution-1047@events.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Eugene Kratt (Pavlovich)\, Liubov Magerramova (Alexa ndrovna)\n\nIn order increasing the gas-dynamic and strength characteristi cs of the turbine wheel gas turbine engines and reducing their weight the bimetallic turbine blisk with shrouded blades was engineered. To connect t he separately cast shrouded blades nickel superalloy with disc of heat-res istant alloy powder is suggested a method of hot isostatic pressing (HIP). The complexity of the problem of connecting is caused by the presence of the shrouds on the periphery of the blades. These should provide a good co ntact on the working faces of the shrouds into the operation condition. To solve this problem a process flow diagram with the calculation of forming a capsule during hot isostatic pressing and a capsule for manufacturing d isk piece were developed.\n\nhttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/co ntributions/1047/ URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1047/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Production of Intermetallic Alloys by Powder Metallurgy: the Disti nguishing Features of the Hot Isostatic Pressing DTSTART:20171207T215000Z DTEND:20171207T221500Z DTSTAMP:20261017T024200Z UID:indico-contribution-1048@events.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Alexander Beresnev (JSC"Kompozit")\, Igor Razumovski i (JSC"Kompozit" Chief researcher)\, Alexander Logachev (JSC"Kompozit")\n\ nWe have proposed a following approach to determine the parameters of hot isostatic pressing (HIP) intend for consolidation of the powders from inte rmetallic alloys with a large prone to embrittlement at ambient temperatur es. We analyze a temperature dependence of the mechanical properties (0.02 proof stress\, σ0.02) and diffusion characteristics (the diffusion coeff icients in the bulk and along interfaces) of the alloy and use the followi ng manner to a choice of the HIP parameters (the temperature THIP and the pressure PHIP). If one needs to conserve a small-grained microstructure i n the compacted state after HIP\, PHIP pressure at a given temperature has to be smaller than σ0.02 and a condition of the large diffusion path of vacancies in the microstructure has to be fulfiled. When a significant coa rsening of the microstructure under HIP is acceptable\, PHIP pressure has to be larger than σ0.02 without a control of diffusivity. \nAn ability of HIP to form differend kinds of microstructures is especially important in a case of treating the materials having a large tendency to embrittlement at ambient temperatures. Here we have used such an approach to consolidat ion of the powders from intermetallic Ni3Al-base alloy and presented the d ata deal with microstructure and mechanical properties of this alloy.\n\nh ttps://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1048/ URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1048/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Effect of Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIP) on additively manufactured Ti6Al4V microlattice structures DTSTART:20171206T030000Z DTEND:20171206T032500Z DTSTAMP:20261017T024200Z UID:indico-contribution-1050@events.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Klaus-Dieter Liss (ANSTO\, Lucas Heights\, NSW 2234\ , Australia)\, Dorji Chavara (ANSTO\, Lucas Heights\, NSW 2234\, Australia )\, Juan Pablo Escobedo-Diaz (SEIT\, The University of New South Wales\, C anberra\, ACT 2610\, Australia)\, Paul J. Hazell (SEIT\, The University of New South Wales\, Canberra\, ACT 2610\, Australia)\, Mahmud Ashraf (SEIT\ , The University of New South Wales\, Canberra\, ACT 2610\, Australia)\, M . G. Rashed (SEIT\, The University of New South Wales\, Canberra\, ACT 261 0\, Australia)\, Dhriti Bhattacharyya (ANSTO\, Lucas Heights\, NSW 2234\, Australia)\n\nThe quality of additively manufactured metallic microlattice materials is reported to be dependent on process parameters. These fabric ated structures have inherent defects such as micro-voids. The build angle of the part is likely to affect its microstructure and mechanical propert ies due to the stacking-layered-fused nature of the metal powder in Powder Bed Fusion (PBF) process\, which is essentially a vertical building parad igm. In this study\, two Ti6Al4V microlattice structures\, one with Body C entered Cubic (BCC) and another with additional vertical pillar (BCC-Z) un it cell\, were manufactured using Electron Beam Melting (EBM) method. The initial structures were examined using the Neutron imaging instrument DIN GO at ANSTO\, in order to detect large internal defects if possible. While the effects of build angle may be avoided only with great difficulty\, Ho t Isostatic Pressing (HIP) was conducted as a suitable post-processing ste p to mitigate these effects by removing porosity. Since both the structure s are made up by interconnecting struts\, representative strut-length samp les were extracted before and after the HIP process and were subjected to Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)\, Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) and Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD). It is observed that the HIP p rocess was able to remove significant amount of porosity and resulted in o verall coarsening of the titanium alloy microstructure.\n\nhttps://events. synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1050/ URL:https://events.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1050/ END:VEVENT END:VCALENDAR